460MPa级高强度钢材工字形截面轴心受压柱局部稳定有限元分析和设计方法研究

为研究标准屈服强度为460 MPa的高强度钢材工字形截面轴心受压柱的局部稳定受力性能,采用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立有限元模型,考虑残余应力和局部初始几何缺陷的影响,与已有的460 MPa高强度钢材工字形截面轴心受压柱试验进行对比分析,验证了有限元建模方法的正确性。利用经过验证的有限元模型,针对460 MPa高强度钢材工字形截面轴心受压柱的局部屈曲性能进行有限元参数分析,并将已有试验结果、有限元参数分析结果,与中国、美国和欧洲钢结构设计规范中的设计曲线进行对比,提出新的设计公式。结果表明:钢板厚度、钢板长宽比、局部初始几何缺陷幅值和残余压应力值对构件翼缘极限承载力的影响很小,但对翼缘局部屈曲承载力有较大影响;所提出的建议设计计算公式相对于中国、美国和欧洲钢结构设计规范中的设计计算方法,更加适用于460 MPa工字形截面轴心受压柱极限应力和局部屈曲应力的设计计算。     

高强Q690钢柱高温下轴心受压局部稳定设计方法（英文）

局部屈曲是钢结构构件的一种破坏模式,钢结构发生局部屈曲破坏时,屈曲应力小于钢材的屈服强度。为了研究高温下高强Q690钢柱的局部稳定性能,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立有限元模型,模型采用其他学者完成的Q460钢柱轴心受压局部屈曲试验进行验证,考虑宽厚比、温度、初始缺陷、残余应力和翼缘与腹板之间相互作用的影响,对高强Q690钢柱进行参数分析。研究结果表明:宽厚比对局部屈曲有显著影响,宽厚比的增大导致试件极限承载力的降低;初始缺陷和残余应力对局部屈曲应力有较大影响,且试件的极限承载力随着温度的升高而明显下降。基于有限元分析结果提出了适用于高强Q690钢柱高温下的局部稳定设计方法和宽厚比限值,并与GB50017-2017、Eurocode 3和ANSI/AISC 360-10中的设计方法进行了比较。     

Q460高强钢焊接箱形截面轴压构件整体稳定性能研究

为研究高强度钢材轴心受压钢柱的整体稳定性能,对5个国产Q460钢材焊接箱形截面柱进行了轴心受压试验研究。试验对试件的几何初弯曲、荷载初偏心以及截面的纵向残余应力分布均进行了测量。基于试验结果,分析了该类钢柱的失稳破坏形态和整体稳定承载力,建立了有限元分析模型并对试验结果进行模拟计算。研究结果表明：试件破坏模态均为整体弯曲失稳形态,大部分试件稳定承载力高于规范设计值;有限元分析模型能够准确地考虑几何初始缺陷和残余应力的影响,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;通过与国内外钢结构设计规范的对比,提出了国产Q460高强钢焊接箱形截面轴压构件整体稳定设计的建议方法,即可以统一采用我国或欧洲规范的b类曲线进行设计,而不需要按板件宽厚比大小进行分类。     

Q460高强钢焊接箱形柱轴心受压极限承载力参数分析

为研究现有钢结构设计规范是否仍适用于高强钢中厚板焊接箱形柱的设计,对Q460钢轴心受压柱的极限承载力进行了参数分析。采用数值积分法,并与有限元程序ANSYS的数值计算结果作进行对比。数值模型考虑了1/1 000柱长的初始弯曲及由相应截面尺寸残余应力试验提出的残余应力分布简化模型。试件的主要参数为截面宽厚比（7.8~17.2）与柱长细比（10~130）。计算结果表明：考虑相同初始缺陷的有限单元法与数值积分法所得计算结果吻合较好;与普通强度钢柱相比,初始几何缺陷对高强钢焊接箱形柱的极限承载力影响降低,柱的稳定系数提高;残余应力降低柱的稳定系数,但其影响效应随长细比变化。参数分析结果与现有规范计算结果对比表明,中厚板Q460高强钢焊接箱形柱,当宽厚比b/t≤20时,可采用高于普通强度钢柱的b类柱子曲线。     

端部带约束的超高强度钢材受压构件整体稳定受力性能

高强度钢材(屈服强度≥460MPa)已经在国内外多个钢结构实际工程中得到应用,但关于其受压构件整体稳定性的研究还很少,特别是屈服强度超过690MPa的超高强度钢材。针对两种超高强度钢材S690和S960(名义屈服强度分别为690MPa和960MPa),进行了端部带约束的受压构件整体稳定受力性能的试验研究,试验共包括8个试件。基于试验结果,分析该类钢材构件的失稳破坏形态和屈曲承载力,利用经过验证的有限元模型计算其整体稳定系数,并与欧洲规范和我国规范的柱子曲线进行对比分析。结果表明,超高强度钢材受压构件整体稳定系数的试验值要明显高于其所在的b类柱子曲线,甚至比欧洲规范的a0类柱子曲线和我国规范的a类柱子曲线还要高出很多。这说明超高强度钢材受压柱的屈曲强度较普通强度钢材的屈曲强度有明显提高。这些试验研究和有限元分析成果为完善我国超高强度钢材的稳定设计方法和设计理论提供了重要的试验依据和前提条件,并有利于超高强度钢材在我国钢结构工程中得到更广泛的应用和发展。     

高强度Q460钢柱抗火性能研究

采用恒温加载方式和振动法分别对Q460钢材高温下的强度和弹性模量进行试验研究,得到了Q460钢材的力学性能随温度的变化曲线。考虑高强钢Q460高温下力学性能和柱的初始缺陷,对常温下计算钢柱极限承载力的三种方法,即临界应力法、逆算单元长度法(ICSL法)和压杆挠曲线法(CDC法)进行延伸并得到Q460轴心受压柱高温下极限承载力。通过算例对三种方法的计算结果进行比较,并采用有限元分析对极限承载力计算结果进行验证。计算不同荷载比下高强度Q460钢柱的临界温度,将高强Q460钢柱与《建筑钢结构防火设计规范》CECS200:2006中给出的普通钢柱的高温极限承载力和临界温度进行对比。研究表明:高强度Q460钢高温下力学性能与普通钢差别较大,强度和弹性模量随温度升高降低较慢;三种方法计算高温下Q460钢柱极限承载力的结果基本一致并与有限元分析结果吻合较好;普通结构钢柱的稳定系数和临界温度与高强度Q460钢柱有较大差别,《建筑钢结构防火设计规范》CECS200:2006中给出的普通结构钢柱抗火设计结果不适用于高强度Q460钢柱。     

960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件局部稳定试验研究

针对960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件的局部稳定性能,对4个箱形截面试件和4个工字形截面试件进行了轴心受压试验。分析了试件的局部稳定性能,并将试验结果与我国、美国和欧洲钢结构设计规范的相应设计计算结果进行了对比分析,研究各国规范对960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件局部稳定性能设计计算的适用性。研究结果表明：当构件的板件宽厚比相同时,960 MPa高强度钢材构件的局部屈曲后强度要大于460 MPa高强度钢材构件,960 MPa高强度钢材构件应考虑钢材的屈曲后强度;我国现行钢结构设计规范中关于轴心受压构件局部屈曲应力的计算结果不适用于960 MPa高强度钢材构件;在试验钢材板件宽厚比范围内,960 MPa高强度钢材构件的局部屈曲承载力,采用美国规范和欧洲规范的设计计算结果较为准确。     

960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件局部稳定试验研究

针对960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件的局部稳定性能,对4个箱形截面试件和4个工字形截面试件进行了轴心受压试验。分析了试件的局部稳定性能,并将试验结果与我国、美国和欧洲钢结构设计规范的相应设计计算结果进行了对比分析,研究各国规范对960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件局部稳定性能设计计算的适用性。研究结果表明:当构件的板件宽厚比相同时,960 MPa高强度钢材构件的局部屈曲后强度要大于460 MPa高强度钢材构件,960 MPa高强度钢材构件应考虑钢材的屈曲后强度;我国现行钢结构设计规范中关于轴心受压构件局部屈曲应力的计算结果不适用于960 MPa高强度钢材构件;在试验钢材板件宽厚比范围内,960 MPa高强度钢材构件的局部屈曲承载力,采用美国规范和欧洲规范的设计计算结果较为准确。     

高强钢焊接箱形截面双向压弯构件屈曲后强度设计方法研究

相比于《钢结构设计规范》(GB 50017—2003),《钢结构设计标准》(GB 50017—2017)取得了较大的进步,允许板件先于构件发生屈曲,并利用了板件屈曲后强度。GB 50017—2017对轴心受压构件、受弯构件和单向压弯构件均给出了屈曲后强度计算公式,但对双向压弯构件却未给出计算公式。分析了已有的高强钢压弯构件屈曲后强度计算方法,基于GB 50017—2017中的压弯构件稳定承载力计算公式,提出了双向压弯构件屈曲后强度计算公式,收集已有高强钢焊接箱形截面压弯构件屈曲后强度的试验和有限元结果以验证公式的有效性。研究结果表明,提出的计算公式能在大部分构件长细比和板件宽厚比范围内偏于保守地预测名义屈服强度为460 MPa和690 MPa的高强钢焊接箱形截面双向压弯构件的屈曲后强度。     

激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面中长柱受力性能研究

为研究激光焊接奥氏体不锈钢工字形截面轴心受压中长柱的承载性能,对10根激光焊接不锈钢工字形薄柔截面中长柱进行轴心受压试验研究,结果表明,中长柱的破坏模式均为板件局部屈曲与构件整体弯曲屈曲的相关失稳。同时,基于残余应力试验,验证了已有激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面的残余应力分布模型。基于试验结果验证了有限元模型,对激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面轴心受压中长柱开展参数分析,研究了几何初始缺陷和残余应力对中长柱稳定承载力的影响,结果表明,残余应力是影响中长柱稳定承载力的主要因素。结合试验和有限元计算结果,对CECS 410:2015《不锈钢结构技术规程》中轴心受压构件稳定承载力设计公式的适用性进行评估,并考虑残余应力的影响修正了轴心受压构件整体稳定设计公式的计算系数。采用修正后计算系数的规范公式能准确计算激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面轴心受压构件的稳定承载力。     

Overall buckling behavior of 460 MPa high strength steel columns: Experimental investigation and design method

Overall buckling behavior of compression columns is one of the most important research subjects in steel structures, especially for high strength steel which has been increasingly applied in recent years. An experimental investigation was carried out to study the overall buckling behavior of 460 MPa high strength steel compression members. Totally twelve columns including welded box and I-sections were comprised. The initial imperfections such as the residual stress, initial bending and loading eccentricity were all measured. Based on experimental results the buckling deformation and capacity were investigated. A finite element model was established and further validated by comparing with the test data in both present study and other previous researches, in which initial imperfections were taken into account. A large number of columns with various section dimensions and lengths were calculated by using the validated model, and their buckling capacities were compared with design values according to different steel structures specifications. It was found that the nondimensional buckling strength of such 460 MPa high strength steel columns were significantly improved compared to normal strength steel columns, and corresponding column curves and design formulae were suggested.     

960 MPa高强度钢材轴压构件整体稳定性能试验研究

为研究960 MPa高强度钢材轴压构件的整体稳定性能,对6个焊接工字形和等边箱形截面试件进行了静力试验研究,测量了试件的几何初弯曲、荷载初偏心以及截面残余应力分布等初始缺陷,分析了试件的失稳破坏形态,得到了整体稳定承载力,并与规范设计曲线进行了对比分析。利用试验结果验证了有限元分析模型,并进行参数分析。研究结果表明：试件的破坏模态均为整体弯曲失稳,除两个几何初始缺陷过大的试件外,其他试件的整体稳定系数试验值均明显高于规范设计值;参数分析结果表明,960 MPa钢材焊接截面轴压构件的整体稳定系数较普通钢材显著提高,建议采用GB 50017-2003中的a类柱子曲线设计此类轴压构件,同时拟合了960 MPa高强度钢材的柱子曲线公式。     

Experimental investigation of the overall buckling behaviour of 960 MPa high strength steel columns

Investigations of the mechanical performance of high strength steel structures have become a research hotspot in civil and structural engineering, and existing experimental studies of their overall buckling behaviour have hitherto focused mainly on columns fabricated from either 460 MPa or 690 MPa steels. The present study describes an experimental programme including six pin-ended 960 MPa steel columns under axial compression. Both welded I- and box-section specimens are considered. The initial geometric imperfections and cross-sectional residual stresses are reported, with the axial loading, deformation and the strain distributions at the mid-length section being monitored during the testing. The buckling mode is clarified, and the buckling capacity is compared with design results according to current national design codes. Based on the experimental results, a finite element model is described and validated, and then used to perform a large number of parametric studies, considering different cross-sectional dimensions and column slendernesses. It is found that all specimens failed by overall flexural buckling, and the corresponding column curves in current design codes underestimate the dimensionless buckling strength of 960 MPa steel columns. Higher and more adequate column curves are suggested for such columns, and new column curves are proposed based on a non-linear fitting of the parametric results.     

高强度钢材轴心受压钢柱整体稳定性能的缺陷影响研究

为研究高强度钢材轴心受压构件的整体稳定受力性能,了解构件的几何初始缺陷和截面残余应力对其屈曲强度和失稳变形的影响,以及与普通强度钢材轴压杆相比高强度钢材柱的整体稳定性能对缺陷敏感性的变化,采用有限元方法进行数值模拟计算,通过变换几何初始缺陷系数、残余应力数值大小和钢材强度等参数,对计算结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,随着钢材强度的提高,高强度钢材轴压杆的整体屈曲强度对初始缺陷的敏感性明显降低,特别是对残余应力分布的敏感性;此外,初始缺陷的影响还与构件的长细比有直接关系。研究工作进一步揭示了高强度钢材轴压柱整体稳定性能的特点和优势。     

Tests and numerical study of ultra-high strength steel columns with end restraints

High strength steels with the nominal yield strength more than 460 MPa have begun to be applied in the construction of many steel structures, but there are short of sound researches on the major axis buckling behavior of such steel welded I-section columns, especially for the ultra-high strength steels having the nominal yield strength more than 690 MPa. In this paper, the experimental research is described on the overall buckling behavior about the major axis of ultra-high strength steel compression I-section columns with end restraints. In this research 8 columns made from 2 kinds of ultra-high strength structural steels S690 and S960, with nominal yield strengths of 690 MPa and 960 MPa, respectively, were tested. Based on the test results, the finite element analysis (FEA) model was validated to analyze this behavior of ultra-high strength steel columns, and the buckling strength of pin-ended columns fabricated from such steels were calculated by the verified FEA model, which were compared with the design buckling strengths according to the Eurocode 3, the American specification for structural steel buildings ANSI/AISC 360–05, and the Chinese codes for steel structures design GB50017-2003 respectively. It shows that the major axis nondimensional buckling strengths of the ultra-high strength steel compression columns, whose buckling curve is type b according to Eurocode 3 and GB50017-2003, are much higher than that calculated according to the column curve b, even higher than the curve a₀ in Eurocode 3 and the curve a in GB50017-2003 on average, and they are also higher than the design values according to ANSI/AISC 360–05. It is therefore indicated that the buckling strength about the major axis of the ultra-high strength steel I-section columns is improved a lot compared with the ordinary strength steel columns on a non-dimensional basis, and the column curve a₀ and curve a can be adopted to design this behavior in Eurocode 3 and GB50017-2003, respectively. Besides, there is no obvious difference between the major axis nondimensional buckling strengths of the pin-ended I-section columns fabricated from these two kinds of ultra-high strength steels: S690 and S960. These research works will provide the test basis to complete the buckling design method and theory of the ultra-high strength steel columns, and also be helpful for the application of ultra-high strength steel structures.     

高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件畸变屈曲性能研究

建立了考虑材料和几何双重非线性的550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件畸变屈曲性能分析的有限元模型,并通过对两种厚度高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压构件畸变屈曲试验已有结果的分析比较验证了其有效性;采用该模型进一步分析了厚度、长度、初始缺陷模式及幅值等参数对畸变屈曲轴压构件承载力的影响,并对轴压构件畸变屈曲发生机理进行了探讨。结果表明：厚度、长度和初始缺陷模式是影响畸变屈曲轴压构件承载力的主要因素,且卷边面内屈曲是槽形截面轴压构件发生畸变屈曲的主要原因。通过理论计算与试验结果的对比分析,表明可以采用建议方法计算此类复杂截面轴压构件的畸变屈曲承载力。     

高强度钢材箱形截面轴心受压短柱局部稳定试验研究

针对高强度钢材焊接箱形截面柱的局部稳定受力性能,对4个Q460钢材等边箱形短柱进行轴心受压试验。根据试验结果分析试件的局部屈曲应力、极限应力随板件宽厚比的变化规律,并将试件的局部屈曲应力、极限应力与我国、美国、欧洲钢结构设计规范以及陈绍蕃建议的相应设计方法和计算公式进行对比分析。结果表明,钢板的宽厚比越大,试件截面的利用率越低,局部屈曲后强度越富余;我国钢结构设计规范中对于试件的局部屈曲应力的计算公式不适用于等边箱形短柱;对于等边箱形短柱的极限应力,美国、欧洲钢结构设计规范和陈绍蕃建议的设计方法的计算结果较为接近,且均略高于试验结果,这3种设计方法都是可行的。进一步修改已有的计算公式,以适用于计算Q460高强度钢材等边箱形短柱的局部屈曲应力;建议采用陈绍蕃建议的设计方法,并进一步修改欧洲钢结构设计规范的计算公式,以适用于计算Q460高强度钢材等边箱形短柱的极限应力。