基于agent行为的供应链低碳化建模与仿真

从供应链低碳化出发,分析了企业碳配额、碳交易市场中的碳价格以及消费者主观购买行为等因素对企业利润的影响。采用Repast Simphony实验仿真平台和Groovy开发语言,在复杂的不确定市场环境下,对供应链参与方行为进行仿真,建立了引入碳交易因素以后的供应链模型。模型中包含消费者对产品的选择、低碳化运输和采购、供应商选择等市场行为。仿真结果表明,企业碳配额和消费者主观购买行为对企业利润的影响较大,对碳交易市场中的碳价格影响较小,初步验证了模型的有效性。     

广义随机价格着色Petri网下不确定市场环境供应链建模问题

针对随机需求市场环境下企业利润变化分析的需要,在PCPN的基础上,与GSPN进行有机结合,本文提出广义随机价格着色Petri网,讨论了广义随机价格着色Petri网(GSPCPN)的变迁步规则,给出了不确定市场环境下供应链的模型。以一个不确定市场条件下供应链流程为实例演示了其应用,结论表明:广义随机价格着色Petri网对于解决供应链不确定市场环境下的利润和库存变化分析问题是有效的。     

供应链中间产品动态价格振荡系统及其收敛性分析

供应链常常表现为企业群的长期战略合作体,协调个体与整体的利益关系常表现为对供应链中间转移产品的定价上,所以必须设计动态利益调节机制,使得各合作伙伴的行动更接近整个供应链的利益最大化．引入供应链中间产品动态价格振荡系统,描述了振荡的动态过程,在一定条件下供应链能通过价格振荡过程达到均衡,并实现供应链总体利益最大．给出并证明了价格振荡系统收敛的一般性条件,该条件可应用于最优产量反应函数是线性和非线性情况．最后结合一个具体例子进行分析,说明了过程的收敛性．     

考虑损失厌恶和锚定心理的供应链订货与协调

为更合理地实现供应链协调的整体最优绩效,以具有损失厌恶和锚定心理的零售商和风险中性的供应商组成的两级供应链为研究对象,探讨回购契约下的供应链订货及协调情况。建立集中和分散决策下考虑零售商损失厌恶和锚定心理的回购契约协调模型,分析了零售商最优订货量与批发价格、回购价格之间的关系,以及各契约参数对回购价格和各节点利润的影响,并给出了供应链实现协调需要达成的条件。结果表明,当零售商订购的产品为高利润产品时,能够实现供应链整体最优绩效,达到供应链协调,且利润在供应链双方之间的分配随着批发和回购价格的提升而向供应商倾斜,但零售商损失厌恶和锚定心理的加深会使得供应商提升回购价格,使整体供应链的利润下降,成本费用增加。     

供应链产品定价行为混沌特性及其混沌预测

针对供应链时滞对产品供给定价决策的影响,研究了供给价格弹性Es≠1下供应链产品定价行为的非线性机制,应用混沌理论研究了供应链产品定价行为的混沌特性。基于最大Lyapunov指数对供应链产品供给价格序列进行预测．最后,通过实例分析了其应用价值．     

基于战略顾客行为的不同权力结构下供应链绩效

通过比较制造商主导、纳什均衡、零售商主导的博弈均衡, 分析战略顾客行为对供应链成员企业最优决策和绩效的影响. 结论表明: 供应链成员企业若正视战略顾客存在, 制定合理的决策, 则能达到互利共赢的局面; 供应链绩效的优劣情况取决于顾客战略行为程度的大小, 且高比例的战略顾客会持续恶化零售商主导的供应链绩效; 顾客会倾向于价格更低廉的零售商主导的市场结构.

     

对比分析电子商务供应链管理与传统供应链管理

电子商务在当今的社会中得到了越来越多的发展,企业在物流与供应链的方面都发生了很大的变化,其中在以信息化、集成化为基础的电子商务的供应中的变化是比较大的。本文主要是以电子商务的供应链的管理与传统的供应链进行对比分析。     

基于拉格朗日松弛的供应链合作生产计划模型研究

为解决供应链生产计划协调问题,通过市场价格和中间库存因素使供应链上下游企业结合成一个整体,建立一种供应链上下游一体化计划模型,从整体考虑供应链合作计划问题．为获取问题的可行解,采用拉格朗日松弛技术进行优化,为供应链上下游企业在信息共享条件下实现“多赢”目标,提供了理论依据．仿真结果验证了模型和算法的有效性．     

基于条件风险价值的零售商创新投资决策研究

研究了由风险中性制造商和风险规避零售商构成的供应链创新投资问题。通过运用条件风险价值（CVaR）对企业的风险偏好进行测度,构建了分散供应链和集中供应链两种情况下的企业决策模型,并根据数值实验对模型作了进一步的分析。研究结果表明：零售商越担心风险,其对创新的投入越少,并会减少销售量以应对市场风险,从而使得供应链的整体收益下降;分散供应链下的创新投入、销售量和供应链的期望收益低于集中供应链下的创新投入、销售量和供应链的期望收益。施行收益共享契约后,分散供应链下的创新投入和销售量达到了集中供应链下的决策水平,制造商和零售商的期望收益均得到提高。     

反应快速的供应链体系与运作

当今消费市场需求瞬息万变,企业必须以有效的供应链管理对此作出快速反应.本文分析了传统供应链体系遇到的问题,以及这些问题怎样才能通过贯彻一体化的供应链方案来解决.并且,以一个美国运动服装制造商为例,探讨了一体化供应链的运作方式.文章还包括一份供应链诊断指南,可以评定一个企业供应链的效率.     

Supply chain coordination with dual procurement sources via real-option contract

In a two-stage supply chain with a supplier and a manufacturer, the manufacturer can purchase a product either from the supplier or in the spot market. The spot market, however, inevitably involves price fluctuation risk and supply risk. Assuming that the manufacturer is the leader in a procurement game and offers a real-option contract to the supplier, we study the manufacturer’s optimal mixed procurement strategy that integrates the use of the real-option contract and the spot market. Moreover, we analyze the effects of the price risk and the supply risk in the spot market on market equilibrium. We show that using the real-option contract mechanism improves the overall expected profit of a supply chain and guarantees supply chain coordination in the presence of the spot market. The results also demonstrate that the price risk and the supply risk in the spot market adversely affect the manufacturer’s expected profit. On the contrary, these two risks bring benefits to the supplier.     

基于供应链金融违约风险的保理决策收益模型仿真*

为分析供应链上、下游企业以及保理商等主体在参与应收账款保理时的最佳决策,在报童模型基础上,建立市场需求随机波动情景下供应链上游企业、下游企业和保理商期望收益模型,在模型中引入下游企业违约风险,并对模型进行数值仿真。研究结果表明,供应链上游企业和下游企业可在保理情况下分别制定最优批发价格决策和最优订货数量决策,使得双方收益均超过不保理情况下的水平。当下游企业违约风险相对较小时,采取保理可以提高供应链上下游企业各自的期望利润,同时降低批发价格,提高订货量。保理商选择的最优保理费率则随着下游企业违约风险的增加而提高。     

电子商务环境下供应链管理的发展——移动供应链管理

随着电子商务和电信技术的不断发展，移动供应链管理已经成为日前最为新颖、最为高效的供应链管理模式。本文简述了移动供应链管理的特征、模式以及在应用中为企业带来的优势。兼具供应链管理平台和移动商务的双重优点，移动供应链管理预示着供应链管理实现方式新的发展趋势。     

Pricing and production decisions in dual-channel supply chains with demand disruptions

This paper develops a two-period pricing and production decision model in a one- manufacturer-one-retailer dual-channel supply chain that experiences a disruption in demand during the planning horizon. While disruption management has long been a key research issue in supply chain management, little attention has been given to disruption management in a dual-channel supply chain once the original production plan has been made. Generally, changes to the original production plan induced by a disruption may impose considerable deviation costs throughout the supply chain system. In this paper, we examine how to adjust the prices and the production plan so that the potential maximal profit is obtained under a disruption scenario. We first study the scenario where the manufacturer and the retailer are vertically integrated with demand disruptions. Then we further assume that the manufacturer bears the deviation costs and obtain the manufacturer’s and the retailer’s individual optimal pricing decision, as well as the manufacturer’s optimal production quantity in a decentralized decision-making setting. We derive conditions under which the maximum profit can be achieved. The results indicate that the optimal production quantity has some robustness under a demand disruption, in both centralized and decentralized dual-channel supply chains. We also find that the optimal pricing decisions are affected by customers’ preference for the direct channel and the market scale change, in both centralized and decentralized dual-channel supply chains.     

Supply chain coordination for a deteriorating item with stock and price‐dependent demand under revenue sharing contract

This paper deals with an integrated single‐manufacturer single‐retailer supply chain model for a single item. The market demand is assumed to be dependent on both the on‐hand stock and price, and the manufacturer and the retailer are in an agreement of lot‐for‐lot policy. The proposed model is developed under the contract that the retailer offers the manufacturer a percentage of revenue (s)he generates by selling a lot. We determine optimal policies for both the centralized and decentralized coordination systems. A comparison of these policies is made with a numerical example. Sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the stability of the solution.     

汽车数字供应链SaaS化新管理模式探究与实践

随着现代技术的发展,汽车产业孕育着新一轮升级。目前,汽车企业间的竞争逐步加大,已经逐步转化为供应链的竞争。而传统供应链生产管理仍然面临着市场高质量、高交期的巨大挑战,无法满足汽车企业对其生产效率的需求。因此,新的汽车供应链管理模式应运而生。研究了汽车数字供应链软件即服务(SaaS)化新管理模式,并基于SaaS平台实现探索供应链数字化管理的新生态模式。以某汽车公司为例,进行供应链SaaS生态平台实践研究,以数字化制造重塑供应链流程,解决供应链企业间数据协同,实现汽车全产业链互联互通、结构性降本增效,打造高效协作、互利共赢的新型行业生态模式。采用SaaS平台实现供应链生产管理后,其供应链管理数字化延伸,生产线开动率提升了1%,协同效率大幅提升。     

供应链中相互合作的两节点性能分析方法

供应链的性能评价是供应链管理的重要问题。该文通过构建供应链中合作的两个企业的Petri网模型,运用可达图分析方法对其合作后的资源利用率进行了评价。     

A cooperative advertising collaboration policy in supply chain management under uncertain conditions

Many industries are facing big challenges to design supply chains in a way to maximize the profit and meet the heightened expectations of the customer. This new era entirely relies on the dynamic advantages of competition and the role played by the collaboration policy. A global economy and increasing demand have put a huge pressure on supply chain partners to build a collaboration policy based on price, order quantity, and advertising. Companies are adopting the idea of ”shaking hands” to obtain more profit instead of taking risks through competition. Cooperative (co-op) advertising is a significant policy of centralized supply chain management (SCM) to boost the revenues generated by the supplier, manufacturer, and retailers. The uncertain costs associated with the supply chain management also create obstacles in economic analysis and feasibility. These uncertainties are associated with the basic costs of all supply chain partners, which are represented using a signed distance formula. This paper develops the concept of co-op advertising among the supplier, manufacturer, and retailers with a variable demand driven by selling price and advertising costs, where all basic costs are considered as fuzzy. The profit is optimized by considering variable cycle time, shipments, pricing and advertising costs for the decision support system of the supply chain management. The optimal results of the co-op advertisement ensured an increase in the revenue of whole supply chain.     

Two level supply chain coordination with delay in payments for fixed lifetime products

In this paper, a single-vendor, single-buyer supply chain system for fixed lifetime products is considered in the settings of both decentralized and centralized models. In the decentralized model, the vendor is the decision-maker of the supply chain. In particular, we study the coordination between the vendor and the buyer that allows the buyer to delay his payment in compensation for altering his order size. This policy has been studied in the literature for the products with unlimited lifetime. In this paper, we focus on the products with fixed and limited lifetime which is common in practice. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed delay in payments policy, a centralized decision-making problem is modeled, where there is a common decision-maker for both the vendor and the buyer. We derive analytically tractable solutions to the proposed models. Furthermore, we prove that the decentralized model can achieve the same minimal cost as the centralized model when the vendor and the buyer’s costs of capital are equal. A detailed numerical example is presented to illustrate the benefit of the proposed delay in payments policy.