不同食品胶对面包烘培特性的影响

本文研究并分析不同食品胶对面包烘培特性的影响。方法:比较羟丙基甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠、黄原胶以及刺槐豆胶等不同食品胶对面包烘培特性的影响。结果:在烘培面包过程中,添加适量的食品胶不仅可以有效提高面包的烘培品质,增强面包的比容,还可以进一步改善面包的质构特性;羟丙基甲基纤维素和海藻酸钠与黄原胶以及刺槐豆胶相比,在增加面包比容方面和改善面包质构特性方面,均具有显著的差异(P0.05)。结论:相比于其他两种食品胶,羟丙基甲基纤维素和海藻酸钠食品胶效果最为显著,宜广泛在实际生产中应用。     

不同胶体对面包烘焙特性的影响研究

主要研究了添加不同胶体(海藻酸钠、黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、刺槐豆胶和羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC))对面包烘焙特性的影响。研究结果表明,添加适量的胶体能有效提高面包的焙烤品质,增大面包的比容,提高面包的整体接受度,改善面包的质构特性,增加面包的弹性和内聚性,显著降低面包的硬度和咀嚼性,有较好的抗老化效果,延长产品的货架期。总体来说,海藻酸钠和HPMC改善效果最好,黄原胶改良效果最差。     

亲水胶体对发芽糙米面包品质特性的影响

研究添加不同浓度的胶体(羟丙基甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠、黄原胶)对发芽糙米面包品质的影响。结果表明,不同胶体对面包的改善作用不同,且不同食品胶适宜添加浓度不同。与未添加胶体的发芽糙米面包相比,添加2%的羟丙基甲基纤维素,面包比容增大25%,硬度降低35%,弹性增加9.5%,内聚性增加9.8%;添加0.1%的海藻酸钠,面包比容增大19%,硬度降低31%,弹性增加10%;而添加黄原胶,对高含量发芽糙米面包的品质无明显改善作用。     

复配胶体对面包烘焙品质的影响

研究了不同胶体复配(黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)和海藻酸钠)对面包烘焙品质的影响.结果表明:面包中添加复配胶体可弥补添加单一胶体时在比容、质构特性和感官等方面的不足,改善面包的烘焙品质,提高面包抗老化性能,延长产品货架期.黄原胶、海藻酸钠与HPMC最优质量配比为1:2:6,质量分数为0.15％时,面包的烘焙品质和抗老化效果得到了明显的改善.     

常见亲水胶体对烘焙食品品质影响的研究进展（网络首发、推荐阅读）

亲水胶体具有良好的功能特性,如改善食品的乳化、胶凝、溶解性和质构等特性。在烘焙食品中,亲水胶体用于改善面团、面包和蛋糕特性,提高感官质量以及延长食品货架期。已经有研究报道了亲水胶体在面包、饼干、蛋糕和面食制备中的潜在用途。综述常见的亲水胶体（黄原胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、K-卡拉胶、刺梧桐胶、海藻酸盐、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素）对焙烤食品的流变学、理化、质构以及其它品质特性的影响,亲水胶体的加入使得产品的颜色、外观、风味和整体可接受性显著改善。     

水溶性胶体对无麸质面团流变学特性及面包品质的影响

主要研究了黄原胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、以及海藻酸钠对无麸质面包(糙米与荞麦粉比例为80∶20)流变学特性,比容、气孔,以及感官评分的影响。结果表明,添加胶体后,无麸质面糊的弹性模量和黏模量显著增加,并且无麸质面包的比容增大,感官评定分数也增大。通过各方面综合比较,0.5%黄原胶的添加使无麸质面包感官以及气孔分析各方面指标都有显著改善,无麸质面包无塌陷。经研究发现,与对照组面包相比,当黄原胶添加量为0.5%时,比容增加了9%,image分析中的count值增加了10.9%,硬度降低了13.1%,感官总体可接受度上升了17.4%。     

几种添加剂对大米面包感官及质构特性的影响

对添加了羟甲基丙基纤维素(HPMC)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、海藻糖、黄原胶4种添加剂制成的大米面包的感官特性及质构特性进行了研究。结果表明,添加3%CMC对于大米面包品质有最明显的改善效果;HPMC对于改善大米面包品质较为明显;黄原胶对改善面包品质有作用,但不明显;海藻糖不适用于大米粉预糊化制作大米面包。     

不同基材对油性食品可食包装膜性能的影响

可食膜能降低食品吸油率、减少丙烯酰胺生成量,其在油炸食品方面的应用目前得到广泛关注。试验选用纤维素(羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素)和食用胶(海藻酸钠、卡拉胶)制备可食膜,考察其流变性能、机械性能、热稳定性和阻隔性能,并采用模糊综合评价法分析膜性能差异。结果表明,羟丙基甲基纤维素膜液黏度随剪切速率增大的变化幅度较小,其余膜液均属于假塑性流体。海藻酸钠膜的抗拉强度最大;而纤维素膜的断裂伸长率均明显高于食用胶膜。可食膜的分解峰值温度发生在220℃~350℃之间,其中羟丙基甲基纤维素的温度最高。在阻水性方面,食用胶膜具有明显优势;羟丙基甲基纤维素与海藻酸钠的阻油性最优,试验期间几乎无食用油渗出;另外,海藻酸钠膜能有效阻隔油脂与氧气。综合评价可食膜的机械性能与阻隔性能可知,海藻酸钠膜效果最佳好,羟丙基甲基纤维素膜次之。试验结果为进一步改善油炸食品品质提供了一定的科学依据。     

常见亲水胶体对烘焙食品品质影响的研究进展

亲水胶体具有良好的功能特性,如改善食品的乳化、胶凝、溶解性和质构等特性.在烘焙食品中,亲水胶体用于改善面团、面包和蛋糕特性,提高感官质量以及延长食品货架期.已经有研究报道了亲水胶体在面包、饼干、蛋糕和面食制备中的潜在用途.综述常见的亲水胶体(黄原胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、K-卡拉胶、刺梧桐胶、海藻酸盐、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤...     

水溶性胶体对无麸质面包焙烤特性的影响

研究了水溶性胶体对无麸质面包(米粉、红薯淀粉)比容、硬度、色泽及感官品质的影响。结果表明,添加1%的羧甲基纤维素、果胶、刺槐豆胶、瓜尔多胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素可改善面包的品质,面包比容增大,结构松软,气孔更加均匀,硬度降低,色泽改善,感官品质提高。综合来看,添加羟丙基甲基纤维素无麸质面包品质改善最为明显,添加量为1%、2%时,比容分别增加12.7%、22.3%,硬度分别降低6.8%、7.3%(24h),面包色泽明显改善,感官品质显著提高。     

亲水胶体对鸡蛋清起泡性的影响

亲水胶体在许多食品的制作过程中都起到重要的提升产品品质的作用。研究分析了黄原胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、瓜尔豆胶和壳聚糖等几种亲水胶体的不同添加量对鸡蛋清的打擦度、起泡性及泡沫稳定性的影响。结果表明亲水胶体添加CMC、瓜尔豆胶可明显增加蛋清的打擦度,添加海藻酸钠则降低蛋清的打擦度,而黄原胶的添加对蛋清打擦度的影响则受到不同的添加量分别出现打擦度增加和降低的不同结果,壳聚糖的添加对蛋清的打擦度影响不大。研究过程也发现,蛋清中添加黄原胶、CMC、瓜尔豆胶和壳聚糖后,泡沫达到最大体积的时间比对照组明显缩短,蛋清起泡效率提高。几种胶体的添加增加蛋清打擦度由大到小顺序为:瓜尔胶>CMC>壳聚糖≈对照(无添加)>黄原胶>海藻酸钠。添加亲水胶体可以增强鸡蛋清的泡沫稳定性。     

The application of dextran compared to other hydrocolloids as a novel food ingredient to compensate for low protein in biscuit and wholemeal wheat flour

Wheat is primarily used for bread-making. However, fungal diseases, grain moisture at harvest and low-protein contents strongly influence the quality of the wheat flour, thus creating challenges for traders, millers and commercial bakers who struggle to produce consistently high-quality products. This paper address the replacement of low-protein/wholemeal flour functionality for bread-making purposes. Three hydrocolloids, xanthan gum, dextran and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, were incorporated into bread recipes based on high-protein flours, low-protein flours and coarse wholemeal flour. Hydrocolloid levels of 0–5 % (flour basis) were used in bread recipes to test the water absorption. The quality parameters of dough (farinograph, extensograph, rheofermentometre) and bread (specific volume, crumb structure and staling profile) were determined. Results showed that xanthan had negative impact on the dough and bread quality characteristics. HPMC and dextran generally improved dough and bread quality and showed dosage dependence. Volume of low-protein flour breads were significantly improved by incorporation of 0.5 % of the latter two hydrocolloids. However, dextran outperformed HPMC regarding initial bread hardness and staling shelf life regardless the flour applied in the formulation.     

Study of the functionality of selected hydrocolloids and their blends with κ-carrageenan on storage quality of vanilla ice cream

In the present paper, the functionality of hydrocolloids related to the rheological, physical and sensory characteristics of ice cream mixes and frozen ice cream was studied. Carboxylmethylcellulose, guar gum, sodium alginate and xanthan gum were used as primary stabilizing agents, whereas κ-carrageenan as secondary. The hydrocolloid concentrations were 0.1 and 0.2% and the primary to secondary ratio was 9:1. The ice cream samples were stored under quiescent frozen conditions. Samples were taken after 4, 8 and 16 weeks of storage and examined for the functionality of the stabilizing systems.The addition of hydrocolloids significantly reinforced the shear thinning behavior, particularly in the case of sodium alginate, xanthan gum, and κ-carrageenan which was attributed to gelation phenomena. Sodium alginate attained the better stabilizing effect improving textural quality and acceptance of ice creams even after 16 weeks of storage, whereas the presence of κ-carrageenan found to be a crucial factor for the cryoprotection. Xanthan gum was also evaluated as an effective stabilizing agent, indicating that gelling hydrocolloids may remarkably amend ice cream shelf life.Moreover, principal components and cluster analysis of instrumental and sensory data furnished important information for the correlation of objective and sensory properties and discrimination of stabilizing systems based on quality criteria.     

Effect of Hydrocolloid Pre-Treatment on Instrumental and Sensory Texture Attributes of Frozen Carrot (Daucus carota)

The effect of different hydrocolloids (pectin, carboxy methylcellulose, xanthan gum, and sodium alginate) pre-treatment used at different concentrations (0.2–0.4%) on instrumental texture parameters as well as on the sensory attributes of frozen-thawed pre-cut carrots was evaluated. Instrumental texture profile analysis of frozen-thawed carrot showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in cohesiveness with an increase in the concentration of all the hydrocolloids. Nevertheless, the increase in springiness was not significant (P > 0.05) over the untreated control samples, whereas chewiness did not show consistent results with an increase of any of the hydrocolloids. As the concentration of hydrocolloids increased, the firmness values obtained by cutting the frozen-thawed carrot samples with a Warner Bratzler Blade were also found to increase. Higher texture retention after freezing and thawing was observed in xanthan gum (0.4%) pre-treated samples than other hydrocolloids used as well as than the control samples. It increased the firmness up to 196.2% than the control samples. However, 0.3% xanthan pre-treatment gave the best sensory results. Sensory acceptability increased on increasing the pectin and carboxy methylcellulose concentrations, while lower concentration levels of alginate pre-treatment showed higher sensory preference than the higher concentration levels. Based on the results, untreated frozen samples suffered from a detrimental texture and sensory deterioration during 15 months of frozen storage. The carrot tissue integrity was well retained during frozen storage in the hydrocolloid pre-treated samples.     

Controlling rheology and structure of sweet potato starch noodles with high broccoli powder content by hydrocolloids

Incorporating high volume fractions of broccoli powder in starch noodle dough has a major effect on its shear modulus, as a result of significant swelling of the broccoli particles. Several hydrocolloids with distinct water binding capacity (locust bean gum (LBG), guar gum, konjac glucomannan (KG), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum), were added to systems with 4 and 20% (v/v dry based) broccoli particles, and the effect of this addition on dough rheology, mechanical properties and structure of cooked noodles was investigated. Hydrocolloids with low (LBG and guar gum) and intermediate (KG) water binding capacity had no significant effect on shear rheology of the dough. Adding hydrocolloids with high water binding capacity (HPMC and xanthan gum) decreased the shear modulus of dough with 20% broccoli particles significantly. CLSM analysis of cooked noodles showed that in samples containing xanthan gum there was also an inhibition of swelling of starch granules. Strength and stiffness of cooked noodles with 20% broccoli particles were higher for samples containing xanthan gum, than samples without xanthan gum. The cooking loss and swelling index of samples with added hydrocolloids were slightly lower than samples without hydrocolloids. Our results showed that hydrocolloids with high water binding capacity can be used to control the degree of swelling of vegetable particles and starch granules in starch noodle products, and thereby control both dough rheology and textural properties of the cooked noodles.     

Effect of common and new gums on the quality,physical, and textural properties of bakery products: A review

Hydrocolloids (gums) have a good functional characteristic such as emulsifying, gelling, solubility, and textural improvement. In the bakery products, hydrocolloids were used to improving dough performance, bread and cake characteristics, sensorial quality, and extension the products shelf life. Several studies reported the potential use of hydrocolloids in breads, biscuits, cakes, and pasta formulation. The present review summarized the effect of the most common and new hydrocolloids (xanthan, guar, Arabic, carrageenan, karaya, alginate, acacia, methylcellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, locust bean, balangu seed, wild sage seed, basil seed, and cress seed gums) on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of bakery products. Gums addition improved volume and porosity of the breads and cakes. Gums influence on the gelatinization and retrogradation of starch and decreased the retrogradation of starch. In the bakery products, hydrocolloids were used to improving mixing and increasing the shelf life of the products through moisture preservation and avoidance of syneresis in some frozen foods. This study summarized the influence of the most common and new hydrocolloids on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of bakery products. Addition of seeds gum to the breads, biscuits, cakes, and pasta formula led to an increase in the viscosity of the batter. Also, the firmness of bakery products showed that they became softer with increasing gum levels.     

How Do Xanthan and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Individually Affect the Physicochemical Properties in a Model Gluten‐Free Dough?

To better understand the physicochemical changes imparted by hydrocolloids on gluten-free dough, 2 hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses (HPMCs) and xanthan gum were added at 2%, 3%, and 5% to rice cassava dough without the addition of alternative proteins. The formulated doughs were analyzed using thermoanalytic and rheological techniques to determine the role of water and subsequent flow behavior upon hydrocolloid addition. The baked loaves were then measured for specific loaf volume and tensile strength to determine bread quality. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results revealed that hydrocolloid-added dough held water more tightly than the rice cassava control with an additional water distribution at 85 to 88 °C. Rheologically, the increase of elastic moduli in the low methoxy HPMC and xanthan-added dough became more pronounced with gum addition; however, both HPMC formulations had increased viscous moduli allowing the gas cells to expand without collapsing. In the bread, the final specific loaf volume increased with high methoxy HPMC (2% to 5%) and low methoxy HPMC (2%) but was depressed with increased addition of low methoxy HPMC (5%) and xanthan (3% and 5%). Crumb hardness was decreased in high methoxy HPMC loaves but was increased significantly in low methoxy HPMC (5%) and xanthan (5%) formulations. From the gums studied, it was concluded that high methoxy HPMC was the optimum hydrocolloid in the rice cassava gluten-free dough. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Two types of hydrocolloids, xanthan gum and HPMC, were individually added to a gluten-free rice cassava formulation. Based on the thermoanalytic and rheological studies on dough, as well as the bread quality studies, high methoxy HPMC at 5% addition was determined to optimally improve the bread quality when only gum addition was considered. This study indicates the potential use of high methoxy HPMC as an additive in gluten-free bread formulations prior to considering alternative proteins.     

Incorporation of several additives into gluten free breads: Effect on dough properties and bread quality

The objective of this work was to assess the effect of emulsifiers, hydrocolloids and enzymes on gluten-free dough rheology and thermal properties and bread quality, while relating dough properties parameters to bread technological quality. Breads were based on rice flour, cassava starch and full-fat active soy flour, with 65% or 75% (flour-starch basis) of water incorporation. Additives used were emulsifiers (diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglycerides – DATEM and sodium stearoyl lactylate – SSL), enzymes (glucose oxidase and α-amylase) and hydrocolloids (xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose, alginate and carrageenan). Results showed that additive incorporation modified dough behavior, evidenced by different calorimetric and rheological properties. Besides, the electrophoretic pattern of dough extracted proteins changed with glucose oxidase addition. These modifications resulted in breads with different characteristics, such as specific volume, firmness and firming rate, and crumb structure. Nonetheless, they did not necessarily show better quality parameters than the control bread. The control dough displayed good performance for obtaining gluten-free breads of acceptable volume, crumb structure and, principally, with lower hardening rate during storage. Contrary to widespread opinion, this work shows that the presence of additives is not essential for gluten-free bread production. This fact provides new perspectives to the gluten free market at the moment of selecting raw materials and technological parameters, reducing production costs and facilitating gluten free products development.