CSP热轧TRIP钢动态再结晶行为研究

摘要：采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机,在温度为950~1150℃、应变速率为0.1~10s-1和变形量为65%的条件下研究了CSP热轧TRIP钢的动态再结晶行为,探讨了初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对TRIP钢动态再结晶行为的影响。研究结果表明,初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸越小,变形温度越高,应变速率越慢时,TRIP钢中奥氏体越易发生动态再结晶。其中,粗晶试样（初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸为767.54μm）在1050~1150℃内变形时,将发生动态再结晶。其热变形激活能为361539.17J/mol,确定了Zener-Holloman参数与应变速率和温度的关系式,建立了动态再结晶临界应变模型、高温奥氏体流动应力模型和动态再结晶晶粒尺寸模型,理论模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

Dynamic and Static Recrystallization Behaviour of Coarse-grained Austenite in a Nb-V-Ti Microalloyed Steel简

The dynamic recrystallization （DRX） and static recrystallization （SRX） behaviour of coarse-grained aus- tenite in a Nb-V-Ti microalloyed steel were studied by using a Gleeble thermomechanical simulator. Continuous and interrupted compression tests of coarse-grained austenite were performed in the temperature range of 1000-1 150 ℃ at a strain rate of 0. 1- 5 s 1. The peak and critical strains for the onset of DRX were identified with strain hardening rate analysis, and the ratio of critical strain to peak strain was found to be consistent with the one reported for fine- grained austenite. An equation of the time for 50% softening was proposed by considering the activation energy of steel without microalloying elements and the solute drag effect of microalloying elements. Strain-induced precipitation may not take place at the deformation temperature above 1000 ℃, which indicates that SRX of coarse-grained aus- tenite is mainly retarded by coarse grain size and Nb in solution during rough rolling.     

Recrystallization behavior of twin roll cast low carbon steel strip

The dynamic and static recrystallization behaviors of twin roll cast low carbon steel strip were investigated with an attempt to provide guiding deformation parameters for the on line hot rolling.In order to investigate dynamic recrystallization behavior,as cast strip was reheated and soaked with austenite grain size similar to the width level of the as cast columnar structure.Tensile test was used and the deformation temperature is in the range of 900℃to 1 100℃and strain rates are 0.01 s^-1,0.1 s^-1,1 s^-1.The activation energy and stress exponent were determined as 306kJ/mol and 4.69 respectively.The ratio of critical strain to the peak strain is 0.65,and that of critical stress to the peak stress is 0.92.The dependence of the peak strain on the initial grain size and Zener - Hollomon parameters Z isε_p =9.1×10^-4×D₀^0.48Z^0.13.The kinetics of the dynamic recrystallization and recrystallized grain size was predicted using models published.The as cast coarse austenite were dramatically refined after complete dynamic recrystallization.For static recrystallization,the tensile test was carried out on Gleeble -3500 thermo - mechanical simulator.The deformation temperature is in the range of 800℃to 1 200℃with strain rate 0.01 s^-1 to 1s^-1.The pre strain is fixed at 0.04 to 0.12 and the inter-hit delay time varies from 1 s to 3 000 s.The activation energy and Avrami exponent of static recrystallization were determined as 241 kJ/mol and 0.54 respectively.A kinetics model was proposed to describe the static recrystallization kinetics.The predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results.     

胀断连杆用高钒中碳钢的动态再结晶行为

利用Gleeble 3800热模拟试验机进行单道次压缩试验,研究了1种新型胀断连杆用高钒中碳钢37MnSiVS在900~1 150℃温度区间和0.1~10s-2变形速率条件下的动态再结晶行为。结果表明:试验料的热变形特征与传统的中碳微合金钢基本一致,较高的温度和较低的应变速率有利于发生动态再结晶。试验料在变形温度低于1 000℃时开始发生再结晶的时间进一步延长。透射电镜(TEM)观察结果表明,试验料中的钒主要以固溶态的形式存在于奥氏体中,从而影响奥氏体的动态再结晶行为。所获得的试验料的热变形激活能为364.9kJ/mol,并得出了其热变形方程及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸与Zener-Hollomon参数之间的关系式。     

Custom 450高强度不锈钢的动态再结晶行为

为了探究Custom 450钢的动态再结晶行为,采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机,在变形温度为1 050～1 200℃和应变速率为0.01～10 s-1的变形条件下开展了单道次等温压缩试验.研究结果显示,在变形温度为1050～1 200℃和应变速率为1.0～10 s-1的变形范围内,钢虽发生了完全的动态再结晶,...     

35CrMo钢控温模锻加热过程中奥氏体晶粒长大行为

将35CrMo钢试样在不同的加热温度和保温时间下进行等温奥氏体化处理,采用正较实验法研究加热温度与保温时间对奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸的影响,并对奥氏体晶粒长大行为进行研究。结果表明:当保温时间一定时,奥氏体晶粒尺寸随加热温度升高而增大,奥氏体晶粒的粗化温度为950℃;当加热温度一定时,奥氏体晶粒尺寸随保温时间延长而增大,保温初期晶粒快速长大,随保温时间延长,晶粒长大速率放缓。综合考虑加热温度、保温时间和初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的影响,推导出35CrMo钢奥氏体晶粒长大模型,用该模型计算的晶粒尺寸与实验结果基本吻合。     

微合金化非调质钢C38N2动态再结晶行为

针对微合金化非调质钢热轧过程的变形特征,通过Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机研究了Nb-Ti-V非调质钢C38N2(/%:0.40C、0.52Si、1.42Mn、0.010P、0.047S、0.028V、0.025 Ti、0.022Nb)在950～1 150℃,变形速率0.1～10 s-1变形量60%,单道次压缩时的奥氏体动态再结晶过程,计算得出C38N2钢的动态再结晶晶粒尺寸模型和动态再结晶状态图。结果表明,C38N2钢变形温度越高,变形速率越低,则发生动态再结晶的储蓄能越小,动态再结晶越易发生。C38N2钢的动态再结晶激活能Q_d=294.905 kJ/mol。     

中温中压容器用钢13MnNiMoR的热变形行为研究

为制定中温中压容器用钢13MnNiMoR的热加工工艺提供理论依据并实现其工业化生产,利用单道次热压缩模拟实验研究了变形温度(900~1150℃)和应变速率(0.01~1s~(-1))对其热变形行为的影响.结果表明:当应变速率低于0.1s~(-1)时,新晶粒有足够的时间进行形核和长大,奥氏体容易发生动态再结晶;当变形温度降低或应变速率增加时,实验钢在变形过程中主要发生动态回复,流变应力也随之提高.基于测定的流变应力曲线,通过拟合得到实验钢在热变形时的应力指数为4.29,动态再结晶激活能为319kJ/mol,据此建立了13MnNiMoR钢在高温变形时的热加工方程.     

钒微合金化非调质钢48MnVS的奥氏体动态再结晶行为

实验用非调质钢48MnVS（/%:0.48C,0.60Si,1.50Mn,0.35Cr,0.14V,0.05S,0.020Al,0.0150N）由100t EAF冶炼,连铸成280 mm×360 mm坯,轧成Φ100 mm棒材。通过Gleeble-3800热模拟实验机研究了变形温度950~1150℃,变形速率0.1~10 s^-1,变形量60%的单道次压缩钒微合金非调质钢48MnVS的奥氏体再结晶过程得出真应力-应变曲线,计算得出实验钢的动态再结晶晶粒尺寸模型和动态再结晶状态图。结果表明,钒微合金化非调质钢48MnVS变形温度越高,变形速率越低,则发生动态再结晶的形变储能越小,越容易发生动态再结晶。实验钢48MnVS的动态再结晶激活能为Q_d=343.202 kJ/mol。     

Q345E钢奥氏体动态再结晶行为研究及数学模型的建立

利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对低合金高强度结构钢Q345E在1150~800℃之间的奥氏体动态再结晶及动态相变行为进行研究。确定了试验钢Q345E奥氏体动态再结晶的临界应变条件;研究了变形温度、应变速率等变形条件对试验钢奥氏体动态再结晶的影响,通过高温热力学模拟试验得到了Q345E钢在不同变形条件下的流动应力曲线,得出了动态再结晶激活能为467.767kJ/mol,通过对实验数据的拟合回归分析,建立了动态再结晶热变形模型和峰值应力、峰值应变与Z因子的关系,为控制该钢的组织和性能提供了基本依据。     

03Cr18NiMoN节镍双相不锈钢的热变形行为及热加工图

关键词：双相不锈钢; 流变曲线; 本构方程; 热加工图     

Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behaviour of Medium Carbon Steel in Austenite Region

The hot deformation behaviour of a 0.47%C (JIS‐S45C) steel in the stable austenite region was systematically investigated under various deformation conditions to collect fundamental data on its high‐temperature deformation and microstructure evolution. The medium carbon steel showed dynamic recrystallization in a wide range of temperatures (850°C～1150°C) and strain rates (10^‐3 s^‐1～100 s^‐1) in the stable austenite region. The dynamically recrystallized grain size was monotonically decreasing with increasing steady state stress. The minimum grain size obtained through dynamic recrystallization was 8.3 μm when the S45C specimen was deformed at 850°C and 1 s^‐1. The stress‐strain relationships were formularized based on a phenomenological model. The stress‐strain curves estimated by the obtained equation were in good agreement with the experimental results.     

26MnB5钢的动态再结晶行为

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟压缩试验获得了26MnB5钢在880～1000℃、0.01～10s-1、最大变形55％条件下的真应力-真应变曲线,研究了26MnB5钢在试验条件下的动态再结晶行为.结果表明:26MnB5的真应力-真应变曲线在高温、低应变速率条件下出现明显峰值点特征,意味着样品发生了动态再结晶;26MnB5再结晶程度和奥氏体晶粒均匀度随温度的增加或应变速率的降低而提高,而晶粒平均尺寸则表现出先减小后增大的趋势;利用Johnson-Mehl-Avrami(JMA)方程可以建立26MnB5钢动态再结晶动力学模型,模型预测值与实测值基本吻合.     

Si-Mn系相变诱导塑性钢热轧过程中组织演变的预测

 建立了热轧相变诱导塑性(TRIP)钢奥氏体动态和静态再结晶、晶粒尺寸和流变应力预测模型,定量分析了不同硅含量对其再结晶的影响。结果表明,预测值与实测值符合较好;硅含量增加可抑制、减缓动态和静态再结晶发生,抑制奥氏体晶粒长大,提高流变应力、残余应变和位错密度,从而有利于铁素体相变的发生。     

Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior in Mn-Cr Gear Steel

In the deformation process of austenite,the dy-namic recovery and the recrystallization occur,andthe austenite grain changes.First of all,the grainselongate and dislocation densityincreases.The poly-gonization in elongated austenite grain takes placeand the subcrystal forms due to slipping and cli mb-ing of dislocations,i·e·,dynamic recovery(DRV).When the strain reaches a critical value,new grainswill nucleate by bulging of the grain boundaries[1,2].This is so-called dynamic recrystallizat…     

L360管线钢热轧过程静态再结晶行为的研究

奥氏体再结晶行为是影响热轧钢带组织和力学性能的1个主要因素。在热模拟试验的基础上,采用应力松弛法和显微组织观察法,对含Nb和Ti的L360管线钢热轧过程奥氏体静态再结晶行为进行了研究,分析了应变、变形温度、应变速率、原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对奥氏体静态再结晶的影响。利用线性回归分析,计算出试验钢静态再结晶激活能为203kJ;同时通过回归,得出试验钢热轧过程静态再结晶动力学方程。     

高速列车车轴钢30NiCrMoV12的热变形行为

通过Φ250 mm锻件切取的试样在Gleeble-3500热模拟机于850~1150℃以应变速率0.01~10s^-1对高速列车车轴钢30NiCrMoV12(/%:0.26C,0.33Si,0.62Mn,3.01Ni,0.82Cr,0.56Mo,0.10V)进行了热压缩试验。研究了车轴钢在热变形过程中奥氏体变形行为及再结晶规律,确定了车轴钢的热变形方程,建立应变量ε为0.5和0.9的热加工图。结果表明,在应变速率一定时,温度越高,变形量越大,则越有利于动态再结晶的发生;随着温度升高以及应变速率降低,能量耗散效率η逐渐升高;当真应变0.5,温度1100℃,应变速率0.01 s^-1时,变形能量耗散效率达到最大值0.41。该车轴钢在1000~1150℃,应变速率0.01~1.0s^-1时,具有较好的可锻性。     

Grain refinement of microalloyed austenite due to statical recrystallization after hot deformation

In a microalloyed Nb-Mo steel the austenite structure was evaluated. For hot compression tests in the temperature region of 1000–1150°C with subsequent complete statical recrystallization the hot deformation simulator (WUMSI) was employed. Effects of initial austenite grain size, strain and deformation temperature on recrystallized austenite structure were established. The results emphasize the controlling role of potential nucleation sites. The single deformation study was supplemented by some multiple deformation tests and common guidelines were formulated.     

Hot working and recrystallization of as-cast 317L

Stress-strain behavior and microstructure evolution during hot working of as-cast austenitic stainless steel alloy 317L is investigated by uniaxial compression of cylindrical specimens at a strain rate of 1 s⁻¹ over the temperature range 1000 °C to 1150 °C and up to a strain of one. The measured flow curves show little strain hardening, attributed in part to the high stacking fault energy (SFE) of the alloy. Dynamic recrystallization is not observed. Static recrystallization is observed to nucleate within the austenite matrix in the dendrite cores at dislocation microbands and in austenite immediately adjacent to a vermicular microconstituent, composed primarily of sigma and austenite and, occasionally, some delta ferrite. The recrystallization kinetics of 317L are retarded compared to as-cast 316L steel. The relatively sluggish recrystallization behavior is attributed in part to the higher SFE of 317L, which favors recovery over recrystallization, and in part to gradients in chemical composition and SFE, not found in 316L, in the dendritic microstructure. Thus, in the austenite near the interphase boundary, with high SFE, recovery initially replaced recrystallization, in contrast to recrystallization in the austenite more distant from the boundary. The recrystallization kinetics of both as-cast 317L and 316L were relatively slow compared to wrought stainless steels of comparative grain size and SFE, presumably due to the crystallographic texture and associated relatively low flow stress in the former materials. A kinetic model for recrystallization in as-cast 317L is developed and utilized to simulate evolution of the first cycle of recrystallization during various thermal-mechanical treatment schedules typically employed during primary breakdown of as-cast material.     

碳锰钢热变形行为及动态再结晶模型

 采用单道次热模拟实验分析了各变形参数(初始晶粒尺寸、变形速率、变形温度和变形量)对碳锰钢动态再结晶的影响。结果表明,当初始晶粒越细小、变形温度越高、变形速率越小时,越易发生动态再结晶,同时在能够发生动态再结晶的条件下,变形量越大,动态再结晶越充分。得到了发生动态再结晶时的形变激活能Qdef、临界变形量模型、动态再结晶百分数模型及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸模型。计算得出ε05模型的平均误差为395%,模型预测值与实验数据计算值符合较好。