HK-2040一剂型匀染剂在涤纶染色中的应用

针对涤纶纤维染色需要加入多种助剂,织物染色后易出现疵病,且多种助剂的加入使染色废水处理困难的问题,介绍了HK-2040一剂型分散匀染剂的基本性能,测试并分析了HK-2040一剂型分散匀染剂的含固量、p H值、钙铁螯合力、移染性、分散性、发泡及消泡性、p H值缓冲能力并与市售AB料型高温匀染剂对比,最后将HK-2040一剂型分散匀染剂应用于工厂实践。结果表明:HK-2040一剂型分散匀染剂,较市售AB料型高温匀染剂含固量低,对钙、铁的螯合力显著增强,且消泡性能较好;可替代冰醋酸用于涤纶高温染色,染色后织物的褪色、沾色牢度分别为2、3级,具有较好的移染性;在涤纶产品的染色大生产中,相比原有传统的染色工艺,疵病明显减少,质量明显提高。     

高温匀染剂FL的应用

介绍了高温匀染剂ＦＬ的实用工艺,以及评价匀染剂性能的两种实用方法,综术字高温匀染剂ＦＬ的应用效果。     

毛用活性染料染锦纶织物工艺探讨

研究了匀染剂和pH值变化在锦纶毛用活性染料染色中的应用及其对染色效果的影响,通过对不同匀染剂的筛选,优化工艺条件,结果表明,在合理的工艺条件下,利用合适的匀染剂,可以获得良好的染深性和各项牢度.     

染整助剂的测试和应用（18）

作为第三代高温分散匀染剂除了具有较低的泡沫外,由于新工艺的要求不同,对匀染剂的要求也不同,赋予匀染剂的性能重点也不同。用于快速染色的匀染剂为了能使控制升温的温度范围尽量窄,应能使拼色的混合染料的上染性能与单色染料一致（各染料的上染曲线基本重合）;用于小浴比染色的匀染剂,则因为浴比小、染料浓度高、染料凝聚倾向大,所以应具有更为优异的高温分散性;也考虑到具有好的移染性,这时即使匀染剂使少量染料残留在液浴,其对最终上色率的影响要比浴比大时小得多;用于Ｔ／Ｃ一浴法染色的高温分散匀染剂,因为这时纤维素纤维…     

活性匀染剂在活性翠蓝浸染中的实用性能

指出了活性翠蓝在浸染中的常见问题,以及产生问题的原因.并介绍了活性匀染剂在活性翠蓝浸染中的实用效果.指出：正确化料,正确施加电解质或碱剂,并辅以适量的匀染剂,是克服色点、色渍和色牢度不良的有效途径。     

架桥型酸性匀染剂应用性能研究

介绍了锦纶染色用匀染剂分类及作用机理,采用酸性匀染剂Y-207B和市场匀染剂PL对锦纶布样进行染色试验,从缓染性、消色性、移染性和透染性4方面对比分析架桥型酸性匀染剂应用性能。结果表明,架桥型匀染剂在染色过程中具有缓染能力,上染速率较慢、匀染性能较强、消色性小、透染性强,但移染性能较差。     

高温匀染剂SL在涤纶和细旦纤维织物染色中的应用

探讨了高温匀染剂ＳＬ的匀染性、移染性、深染性、使用方法及最佳用量     

涤纶高温分散匀染剂研究进展

介绍了涤纶高温分散匀染剂的种类、匀染机理、合成及复配依据 ,分析了匀染剂的结构与性能关系 ,并对高温分散匀染剂的应用前景作了分析     

分散艳蓝BR在涤氨针织物上染色工艺的研究

针对分散艳蓝BR在涤氨交织针织物染色时,染色一次成功率不高的问题,讨论了浴比、染浴p H值和匀染剂种类及用量等因素对分散艳蓝BR在涤氨交织针织物上染色性能的影响。结果表明:涤氨交织针织物染色时,加入匀染剂后织物K/S值有所降低,但随着匀染剂用量的加大,氨纶丝上的颜色却随之加深;多功能匀染剂LDM性能较好,优化后的工艺处方为多功能匀染剂LDM用量1.0 g/L、染液p H值3.0~4.5、浴比1∶10。     

涤纶高温分散匀染剂研究进展

介绍了涤纶高温分散匀染剂的种类、匀染机理、合成及复配依据，分析了匀染剂的结构与性能关系，并对高温分散匀染剂的应用前景作了分析。     

The Effects of Natural Extracts on the Quality Changes of Frozen Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) Burgers

The effects of the use of natural antioxidants on the quality of frozen chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) burgers stored at ?18 °C were investigated in terms of sensory, biochemical (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-TBARS, total volatile basic nitrogen, peroxide value and free fatty acids) and microbiological analyses (total viable count—TVC, total psychrotrophic count—TPC). Oregano, green tea, sage and laurel extracts were obtained by using steam distillation method. After that, thawed fish were headed, gutted and filleted. Fillets were then minced and divided into nine groups. These were the control without plant extract, O1 with 0.3% oregano extract, O2 with 0.6% oregano extract, G1 with 0.3% green tea extract, G2 with 0.6% green tea extract, S1 with 0.3% sage extract, S2 with 0.6% sage extract, L1 with 0.3% laurel extract and L2 with 0.6% laurel extract. Plant extracts together with burger ingredients were added to each group. All groups were stored at ?18 °C for 9 months. According to the results of sensory analyses, the control at 7 months of storage, oregano and green tea at 9 months of storage, sage and laurel groups at 8 months of storage were rejected by panellists and considered as unaccepptable. Natural extracts were effective in controlling biochemical indices. TVC content of fish burgers did not exceed the limit during storage period for all groups (<6 log CFU/g). TPC slightly decreased with storage time. Additions of oregano, green tea and laurel extracts except sage extract reduced (P?<?0.05) lipid oxidation in fish burger and have the potential to be incorporated into fish burgers.     

Hydrogen production in a single chamber microbial electrolysis cell lacking a membrane

Hydrogen gas can be produced by electrohydrogenesis in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) at greater yields than fermentation and at greater energy efficiencies than water electrolysis. It has been assumed that a membrane is needed in an MEC to avoid hydrogen losses due to bacterial consumption of the product gas. However, high cathodic hydrogen recoveries (78 +/- 1% to 96 +/- 1%) were achieved in an MEC despite the absence of a membrane between the electrodes (applied voltages of 0.3 < E(ap) < 0.8 V; 7.5 mS/cm solution conductivity). Through the use of a membrane-less system, a graphite fiber brush anode, and close electrode spacing, hydrogen production rates reached a maximum of 3.12 +/- 0.02 m3 H2/m3 reactor per day (292 +/- 1 A/m3) at an applied voltage of E(ap) = 0.8 V. This production rate is more than double that obtained in previous MEC studies. The energy efficiency relative to the electrical input decreased with applied voltage from 406 +/- 6% (E(ap) = 0.3 V) to 194 +/- 2% (E(ap) = 0.8 V). Overall energy efficiency relative to both E(ap) and energy of the substrate averaged 78 +/- 4%, with a maximum of 86 +/- 2% (1.02 +/- 0.05 m3 H2/m3 day, E(ap) = 0.4 V). At E(ap) = 0.2 V, the hydrogen recovery substantially decreased, and methane concentrations increased from an average of 1.9 +/- 1.3% (E(ap) = 0.3-0.8 V) to 28 +/- 0% of the gas, due to the long cycle time of the reactor. Increasing the solution conductivity to 20 mS/ cm increased hydrogen production rates for E(ap) = 0.3-0.6 V, but consistent reactor performance could not be obtained in the high conductivity solution at E(ap) > 0.6 V. These results demonstrate that high hydrogen recovery and production rates are possible in a single chamber MEC without a membrane, potentially reducing the costs of these systems and allowing for new and simpler designs.     

防护服性能测评的研究进展

防护服的性能测试与评估是防护服在实际使用前的关键步骤.为此,对国内外消防服性能测试与评估方法进行综述,在现有方法基础上重点阐述消防服整体性能测评的重要性.在模拟及人体真实穿着条件下,结合主客观测评,针对消防服的整体防护性,分别论述消防服的热防护性、防水性、可见性及活动自由度等服装整体性能测评方法.探讨了消防服性能测评的...     

造纸废水中四种耗氧量的在线测定

对某新闻纸厂桉木CTMP浆过氧化氢漂白生产线、废纸脱墨浆二氧化硫脲（FAS）及过氧化氢漂白生产线，进行了漂白废水中COD、BOD、TOC、TOD的在线测定研究。结果表明：桉木CTMP浆过氧化氢漂白废水采用电化学法与生化法结合的手段进行达标处理；废纸脱墨浆二氧化硫脲（FAS）及过氧化氢漂白废水宜用生化法处理；当废水处理中BOD／TOD〉0．6、BOD／TOC〉1．0时，宜采用生化法处理；BOD／TOD〈0．2、BOD／TOC〈0．5时，应采用电化学法及生化法相结合的处理方法；对废水BOD／COD〈0．5值的范围判断废水可生化性是不可靠的。     

新型澳毛和毛油FHWL-2000的研制和应用

根据和毛油的作用,开发了一种可完全生物降解的环保型和毛油.介绍了新型澳毛和毛油FHWL-2000配方的主要成分和研究方法,通过对不同细度澳毛毛条的实际使用,比较了用进口和毛油在同等条件下的试验结果.试验结果表明,FHWL-2000的综合性能均超过目前澳毛制条厂家所使用的进口和毛油,平均成条率提高了0.5%～0.6%,纤维长度有所提高,离散率和短毛含量则有所降低,能为毛条生产企业提高效益,是一种非常具有潜力的新型澳毛制条和毛油.     

云烟87烤烟品种突变株的离体快繁技术研究

以云烟87烤烟品种突变巨型株的休眠芽为试材,对其进行了打破休眠促使萌芽、愈伤组织诱导、丛生芽增殖和生根培养的研究。结果表明:打破休眠促使其萌芽的最佳培养基配方为MS+2.0mg/L 6-BA+1.0mg/L NAA;诱导产生愈伤组织效果最佳的培养基配方为MS+3.0mg/L 6-BA+0.3mg/L NAA;丛生芽增殖效果最佳的培养基为MS+1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.3mg/L NAA;MS+0.6mg/L NAA对根系的生长最为有利。      

矿泉水中臭氧杀灭霉菌效果研究

采用从生产现场及矿泉水瓶和盖分离出的卵形孢霉 (Oosporasp .)、刀孢霉 (Clas terosporiumsp .)、青霉 (Penicilliumsp .)、结实串孢霉 (Hormisciumsp .)、峡筒串孢霉 (Pro phytromasp .)和南方常见污染霉菌中的黑曲霉 (Aspergillusniger)MIG3.2 7、米曲霉 (As pergillusoryzae)MIG3.2 9、桔青霉 (Penicilliumcitrinum )MIG3.1 0 0、绳状青霉 (Penicilliumfuniculosum)MIG3.1 0 4、拟康氏木霉 (Trichodermapseadokoningi)MIG3.1 42等标准菌株作为试验菌株 ,分别用PET瓶灌装臭氧质量浓度为 0 1、0 3和 0 6mg/L的矿泉水后 ,在矿泉水瓶和瓶盖中分别添加 0～ 30个霉菌孢子 ,当矿泉水中臭氧质量浓度达到 0 3mg/L以上时 ,对霉菌孢子有较好的杀灭效果 ,平均存活阳性率 <1 0 %。在 1年保质期内 ,霉菌存活阳性率在不同存放时间差异不大。     

Concentrated O/W emulsions formulated by binary and ternary mixtures of sodium caseinate,xanthan and guar gums: rheological properties,microstructure, and stability

Food Science and Biotechnology - The effects of xanthan gum (XG) (0, 0.3, 0.6 wt%), guar gum (GG) (0, 0.3, 0.6 wt%) and XG:GG mixtures (0.3–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–0.3 and 0.6–0.6...     

Validity of prepartum changes in vaginal and rectal temperature to predict calving in dairy cows

The prevalence of dystocia is high in many dairy herds and is associated with stillbirth and negative effects for the cow. An accurate predictor of calving would enable supervision of cows more precisely to a relevant time interval so that obstetrical assistance can be provided in a timely manner. This might help to decrease calf mortality rate. Evidence exists that cows exhibit a decrease in body temperature before the onset of calving. The performance of a decrease in body temperature as a test to predict the onset of calving in dairy cows has not been investigated. The objective was to investigate test criteria of a decrease in vaginal and rectal temperature as predictors of calving in dairy cows. In 3 experiments, temperature loggers (Minilog 8, Vemco Ltd., Halifax, Canada) were inserted into the vagina of cows before calving (n = 85), and rectal temperatures were measured twice daily in 55 of these cows. Vaginal temperatures were 0.2 to 0.3°C and 0.6 to 0.7°C lower on the day of calving compared with 24 and 48 h before calving, respectively. Rectal temperatures were 0.3 to 0.5°C and 0.4 to 0.6°C lower on the day of calving compared with 24 and 48 h before calving, respectively. Vaginal temperatures exhibited a diurnal rhythm during the 120 h before calving, which continued on a lower level during the 48 h preceding parturition. In the 3 experiments, a decrease in vaginal temperature of ≥0.3°C over 24 h could predict calving within 24 h, with sensitivity ranging from 62 to 71% and specificity ranging from 81 to 87%. Similarly, a decrease in rectal temperature measured at 0730 h of ≥0.3°C could predict calving within 24 h, with sensitivity from 44 to 69% and specificity from 86 to 88%. Although dairy cows exhibit a distinctive decrease in vaginal and rectal temperatures commencing approximately 48 h before calving, detecting this decrease does not determine the onset of calving precisely. Nevertheless, it can provide valuable information in addition to the traditional signs (i.e., relaxation of the sacrosciatic ligament) that calving is imminent.     

高渗胁迫下啤酒酵母的生理特性研究

研究了0．3mol／L、0．6mol／L、1．0mol/L的氯化钠对啤酒酵母活细胞数、细胞形态、糖代谢、pH值、菌体蛋白的影响。细胞动力学结果表明：随着NaCl浓度的增加,细胞的渗透胁迫加剧,细胞收缩。与对照组比较0．6mol／LNaCl、1．0mol／L NaCl延长细胞对数生长期,减缓葡萄糖消耗速率,且分别在2h-4h、6h-8h内出现糖代谢停滞,但并不影响细胞的增殖。在生理可接受的渗透范围内,与对照组比较0．3mol／LNaCl基本上不影响啤酒酵母的生物量、糖代谢速率和pH值。说明该菌株有较高的抗高渗能力。随着NaCl浓度的升高,渗透胁迫加剧,耐高渗有关的蛋白开始表达。