胶接接头受劈裂载荷作用应力分布研究

对金属胶接接头劈裂试样承载后的应力分布情况进行了实测分析，结果表明胶层沿胶接面试样长度方向上受到分布较宽的拉伸力的作用，印证了作者所提出的胶接接头受劈裂载荷作用力学模型是符合实际的。     

基于ANSYS的两种胶黏剂劈裂接头数值模拟

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对钢制劈裂接头上胶层中部的正应力和剪切应力的分布进行了弹塑性有限元数值模拟与分析。分别考察了由弹性模量相差较大的丙烯酸酯胶和环氧树脂胶黏剂时制备的单一胶或处于不同部位的两种胶黏剂所得到的混合胶层与45钢形成的劈裂接头中的应力分布情况。结果表明,对于由单一胶形成的劈裂接头来说,采用弹性模量较低的丙烯酸酯胶黏剂所形成的接头中的正应力分布更为均匀;而混合胶所形成的劈裂接头的应力集中程度通常高于单一胶。     

金属胶接接头劈裂破坏的模型分析

对金属胶接接头劈裂强度测试方法和影响劈裂强度的主要因素的作用进行了分析与讨论。本文提出了金属胶接接头劈裂破坏模型，对完善劈裂强度测试方法提出了改进意见．     

胶接接头受劈裂载荷作用力学模型的建立

在讨论现有劈裂的力学模型基础上，建立了一个新的劈裂力学模型，以较好地描述在接头的胶层内的应力分布及力行为。认为载荷是以分布力的形式作用在胶层上的，该模型还可用于解释一些试验所得的结果。     

冲击载荷作用下胶层厚度对金属双搭接胶接接头应力分布的影响

采用LY12铝合金材料在Ansys12.0软件平台上建立环氧树脂胶粘剂双搭接胶接接头有限元模型进行分析,着重考察了在冲击载荷作用下胶层厚度的改变对胶接接头应力分布的影响。研究结果表明:在一定范围内,随着胶层厚度的增加,胶接接头中最大应力值逐渐下降,而最小应力值开始先下降,在胶层厚度为0.4 mm时最小,之后应力值又继续增大,且最大应力值总是出现在胶层界面的边缘处;在冲击速率为3.4 m/s时,胶接接头在0.4、0.6 mm的胶层中节点的轴向应力S_x、剥离应力S_y、剪切应力S_xy、第一主应力S₁、等效应力S_eqv随着胶层厚度的增加,波动范围变窄,应力峰值也变小,而胶层厚度为0.2 mm时应力值波动异常剧烈,峰值很大。     

折曲胶接接头应力分布的数值分析

运用有限元法研究了偏轴、同轴和折曲型等三种单搭接胶接接头的工作应力分布规律。结果表明：与其他两种接头相比,折曲型单搭接胶接接头可有效降低搭接区端部的剥离应力和剪切应力峰值;在数值分析所用参数及条件下,Ⅰ型折曲接头的剥离应力降幅超过了75％,其他峰值应力的降幅也超过了45％～50％,并且应力分布趋于均匀;Ⅰ型折曲接头使出现应力峰值的位置从搭接区的端部转移至中部,从而显著提高了接头的承载能力,是一种优于普通同轴接头的胶接接头形式;对于受剪切载荷作用的接头而言,采用Ⅱ型折曲接头更为合理,可进一步提高接头承受剪切载荷的能力。     

折曲胶接接头应力分布的数值分析

运用有限元法研究了偏轴、同轴和折曲型等三种单搭接胶接接头的工作应力分布规律。结果表明:与其他两种接头相比,折曲型单搭接胶接接头可有效降低搭接区端部的剥离应力和剪切应力峰值;在数值分析所用参数及条件下,I型折曲接头的剥离应力降幅超过了75%,其他峰值应力的降幅也超过了45%～50%,并且应力分布趋于均匀;I型折曲接头使出现应力峰值的位置从搭接区的端部转移至中部,从而显著提高了接头的承载能力,是一种优于普通同轴接头的胶接接头形式;对于受剪切载荷作用的接头而言,采用II型折曲接头更为合理,可进一步提高接头承受剪切载荷的能力。     

受集中载荷作用的金属胶接接头应力分布研究

分析了金属胶接接头受集中载荷作用下应力分布的一般模型，指出了其局限性和不足。借助于金属试样表层的显微硬度测定及应变片电测法间接确定了胶接接头承受不同的载荷作用时接头上的实际应力分布，结果表明胶层中存在着较宽的分布拉伸应力。作者根据实验结果提出了金属胶接接头在集中载荷作用下肢层内应力分布的修正模型。     

含镶嵌块单搭接接头应力分布的数值分析

利用有限元方法研究了金属镶嵌对单搭接接头应力分布的影响。结果表明,采用镶嵌块组成混合连接接头,改变了接头的应力流线分布,镶嵌块承载,降低了搭接区中部胶层中的应力;同时使被粘物中部的应力增大,提高了接头搭接区中部的承载能力;在重要部件或承载较大等情况下使用胶接接头,建议采用金属镶嵌方式对接头增强,具有更强的承载能力和可靠性,有重要的实用价值。     

结构胶胶接接头在混合连接工艺中的应用研究进展

混合连接工艺包括两种或两种以上连接技术的结合,如焊接、铆接和胶接。结构胶粘剂是混合连接工艺中不可缺少的一部分,它们为连接提供了优异的连接强度、耐久性和灵活性,并已越来越多地被应用于汽车、航空航天、电子和其他行业。综述了结构胶胶接接头在混合连接工艺中的应用。     

胶粘剂特性和厚度对劈裂载荷作用下胶接接头应力分布的影响

运用三维弹塑性有限元法对劈裂栽荷作用下的胶接接头(即劈裂接头)承载后的应力分布特征进行了分析，重点研究了胶粘剂层厚度对劈裂接头应力分布的影响。结果表明，胶粘剂的性能对应力分布有较大影响，提高胶粘剂强度和减小胶层厚度，均导致胶层应力集中加剧，各向正应力峰值呈上升趋势，各向剪切应力则正好相反；并且劈裂接头中应力分布以三向主应力为主，剪切应力的存在亦不可忽略。故在不引起过大应力集中和较大胶层缺陷条件下采用高强度的胶粘荆和较厚胶层对提高劈裂接头强度有利，实验结果与有限元分析相吻合。     

Two-dimensional stress analysis of adhesive butt joints subjected to cleavage loads

This paper deals with the two-dimensional stress analysis of adhesive butt joints subjected to cleavage loads. The purpose of the paper is to contribute to the establishment of fracture criteria of adhesive joints. Similar adherends and an adhesive bond are replaced with finite strips in the analysis. Stress distributions in adhesive joints are analysed using the two-dimensional theory of elasticity. The effects of the ratio of Young's modulus of adherends to that of an adhesive and the thickness of the adhesive bonds on the stress distributions are shown by numerical calculations. For verification, strains produced on adherends are experimentally measured and a photoelastic experiment is carried out. The analytical results are in fairly good agreement with experiment.     

Elastic analysis and engineering design formulae for bonded joints

The general elastic plane strain problem of adhesively bonded structures which consist of two different adherends is considered. To facilitate a truly general approach the adhesive joint is modelled as an adherend-adhesive sandwich with any combination of tensile, shear and moment loading being applied at the ends of both adherends. A full elastic analysis is presented which calculates the adhesive shear and tensile stresses in the overlap region, this analysis has been validated for a range of load cases using a finite element program. Basic design approaches are outlined and explicit expressions are developed which enable the simple evaluation of the stress distributions in the adhesive overlap. Simplified two parameter design formulae are also produced which accurately describe the peak stresses at the ends of the adhesive overlap in both the transverse and longitudinal shear directions. In all of the analyses the adherends are assumed to behave as linear elastic cylindrically bent plates with the adhesive forming an elastic interlayer between them. In the simplified analyses only one component of adhesive stress is considered, while in the full elastic analysis two components of stress are considered with a consequent increase in the complexity of the required solution method, but also an increase in accuracy over the simplified analyses for a wider range of joint configurations.     

Finite element analysis of adhesively bonded composite joints subjected to impact loadings

The main concern of this paper is to explore the geometrical and material effects on composite double lap joints (DLJ) subjected to dynamic in-plane loadings. Thus, three-dimensional finite element analyses were carried out at quasi-static and impact velocities. The DLJ alone was used for quasi-static case while an output bar was added for impact case. Elastic behavior was assumed for both adhesive and adherends. Average shear stress and stress homogeneity were extracted and compared. It was observed that the adhesive shear stiffness increases the average shear stress. Moreover, it makes the stress heterogeneity more important. On the other hand, higher values of the substrates longitudinal stiffness make the average shear stress higher; whereas, the stress homogeneity in the joint is better achieved for lower substrates’ shear stiffness.     

Reliability analysis of bonded joints with variations in adhesive thickness

Bonded joints are used in several industrial applications as a surrogate of more expensive repairs, but their reliability must be ascertained. Failure in a bonded joint mainly occurs in the adhesive due to stress concentrations that directly depend on the adhesive thickness. In practice, it is difficult to ensure a good accuracy of the final adhesive thickness, leading to uncertainty to its spatial variability. This uncertainty greatly influences the strength of the bonded joint. This work deals with one of the main key issues in bonded joints: the influence of the spatial variations in the adhesive thickness on the reliability of the joint and an excessive shear stress level caused by the adhesive thickness variations may lead to failure. This paper provides reliability analysis by considering the adhesive thickness as a stochastic field. The experimental thickness field is obtained so as to identify the stochastic parameters. These parameters are then introduced in a structural reliability model to evaluate the failure probability. Results show the influence of adhesive thickness uncertainty on bonded joint failure.     

A review of finite element analysis of adhesively bonded joints

The need to design lightweight structures and the increased use of lightweight materials in industrial fields, have led to wide use of adhesive bonding. Recent work relating to finite element analysis of adhesively bonded joints is reviewed in this paper, in terms of static loading analysis, environmental behaviors, fatigue loading analysis and dynamic characteristics of the adhesively bonded joints. It is concluded that the finite element analysis of adhesively bonded joints will help future applications of adhesive bonding by allowing system parameters to be selected to give as large a process window as possible for successful joint manufacture. This will allow many different designs to be simulated in order to perform a selection of different designs before testing, which would currently take too long to perform or be prohibitively expensive in practice.     

基于结构胶种类及搭接长度变化的胶接接头剪切强度及应力测试分析

通过对3种类型(双组分丙烯酸酯结构胶、双组分环氧树脂结构胶、单组分环氧树脂结构胶)共9款结构胶的搭接长度–剪切强度曲线测试及回归方程拟合,获得搭接长度–剪切应力曲线并对比分析曲线差异,基于结构胶种类及参数提出匹配不同搭接长度的选胶建议。结果表明:对此3种类型的结构胶单搭接满黏结接头,随搭接长度延长,平均剪切强度减小;低模量胶的搭接长度–剪切强度曲线形态与高模量胶的相反,前者为由缓降转为陡降,后者为由陡降转为缓降最后稳定;单组分环氧树脂结构胶适用于承受静载结构;用于承受动载的接头,建议选用双组分结构胶,搭接长度30mm以下选用丙烯酸酯型,搭接长度30mm以上选用环氧树脂型。     

A detailed experimental parametric analysis of bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints

Hybrid bolted/bonded joints may have the advantages of both mechanical and adhesively bonded joints or disadvantages, which depends entirely on reasonable design. The design of the hybrid bolted/bonded joint is a complex issue, which is related to the material properties of the connected parts and adhesive layer, the number and size of the bolt, and the geometrical characteristics of the joint. Furthermore, the secondary bending in the single-lap joint and the bypass load in the multirow bolted joint to increase the complexity of the problems. Therefore, detailed tests and adequate data are essential to do further research on the mechanical behaviors of bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints, especially for the joints of bismaleimide resin composite. An experimental parametric study was carried out to reveal the effect mechanisms of different configurations on the mechanical properties of bismaleimide resin composite joints in this study. Single-lap bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints were focused on and their mechanical behaviors were discussed. According to the investigation of experimental analysis, some useful conclusions have been deduced, which are helpful for the design of bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints.     

A two-dimensional stress analysis and strength evaluation of band adhesive butt joints subjected to tensile loads

The stresses in band adhesive butt joints, in which two adherends are bonded partially at the interfaces, are analyzed, using a two-dimensional theory of elasticity, in order to demonstrate the usefulness of the joints. In the analysis, similar adherends and adhesive bonds, which are bonded at two or three regions, are, respectively, replaced by finite strips. In the numerical calculations, the effects of the ratio of Young's moduli for adherends to that for adhesives, the adhesive thickness, the bonding area and position, and the load distribution are shown on the stress distributions at interfaces. It is seen that band adhesive joints are useful when the bonding area and positions are changed with external load distributions. Photoelastic experiments and the measurement of the adherend strains were carried out. The analytical results are in a fairly good agreement with the experimental results. In addition, a method for estimating the joint strength is proposed by using the interface stress distribution obtained by the analysis. Experiments concerning joint strength were performed and fairly good agreement is found between the estimated values and the experimental results.