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1.
For the first time, the application of a molten salt, triethylamine hydroiodide (THI), as a supporting electrolyte was investigated for the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) electrode was modified by incorporation of high- and low-molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) along with TiO2 nanoparticles of two different sizes (300 nm (30 wt%) and 20 nm (70 wt%)). The highest apparent diffusion coefficient (D) of 8.12×10−6 cm2 s−1 was obtained for I (0.5 M of THI) from linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). Short-circuit current density (Jsc) increases with the concentration of THI whereas open-circuit potential (Voc) remains the same. Optimum Jsc (19.28 mA cm−2) and Voc (0.7 V) with a highest conversion efficiency (η) of 8.45% were obtained for the DSSC containing 0.5 M of THI/0.05 M I2/0.5 M TBP in CH3CN. It is also observed that the Jsc and η of the DSSC mainly relates with the D values of I and charge-transfer resistances such as Rct1 and Rct2 operating along Pt/TiO2 electrolyte interface, obtained from LSV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For comparison, tetraethylammonium iodide (TEAI) and LiI were also selected as supporting electrolytes. Though both the THI and TEAI have similar structures, replacement of one methyl group by hydrogen improves the efficiency of the DSSC containing the former electrolyte. Further, the DSSC containing THI exhibits higher Jsc and η than LiI (7.70%), from which it is concluded that THI may be used as an efficient and alternative candidate to replace LiI in the current research of DSSCs.  相似文献   

2.
We have investigated the influence of electrolyte composition on the photovoltaic performance of a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cell (DSSC) based on a Ru(II) terpyridyl complex photosensitizer (the black dye). We have also spectroscopically investigated the interaction between the electrolyte components and the adsorbed dye. The absorption peaks attributed to the metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions of the black dye in solution and adsorbed on a TiO2 film, were red-shifted in the presence of Li cations, which led to an expansion of the spectral response of the solar cell toward the near-IR region. The photovoltaic performance of the DSSC based on the black dye depended remarkably on the electrolyte composition. We developed a novel efficient organic liquid electrolyte containing an imidazolium iodide such as 1,2-dimethyl-3-n-propylimidazolium iodide or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (EMImI) for a DSSC based on the black dye. A high solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 9.2% (Jsc=19.0 mA cm−2, Voc=0.67 V, and FF=0.72) was attained under AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm−2) using a novel electrolyte consisting of 1.5 M EMImI, 0.05 M iodine, and acetonitrile as a solvent with an antireflection film.  相似文献   

3.
The transparent electric windows based on dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells have been prepared. The solar cell consists of dye-sensitized TiO2 electrode with a TiO2 layer of an about 8 μm thickness and of a 80×80 mm2 active area, Pt counter electrode and redox electrolyte. The solar cell shows a transmittance of approximately 60% in the visible range and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.64 V and a short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 250 mA. A moderately transparent electric window composed of nine unit solar cells in series generates Voc of 5.7 V and Jsc of 220 mA at one sun light intensity.  相似文献   

4.
Dye-sensitized solar cells based on nanoporous oxide semiconductor thin films such as TiO2, Nb2O5, ZnO, SnO2, and In2O3 with mercurochrome as the sensitizer were investigated. Photovoltaic performance of the solar cell depended remarkably on the semiconductor materials. Mercurochrome can convert visible light in the range of 400–600 nm to electrons. A high incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE), 69%, was obtained at 510 nm for a mercurochrome-sensitized ZnO solar cell with an I/I3 redox electrolyte. The solar energy conversion efficiency under AM1.5 (99 mW cm−2) reached 2.5% with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 7.44 mA cm−2, a open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.52 V, and a fill factor (ff) of 0.64. The Jsc for the cell increased with increasing thickness of semiconductor thin films due to increasing amount of dye, while the Voc decreased due to increasing of loss of injected electrons due to recombination and the rate constant for reverse reaction. Dependence of photovoltaic performance of mercurochrome-sensitized solar cells on semiconductor particles, light intensity, and irradiation time were also investigated. High performance of mercurochrome-sensitized ZnO solar cells indicate that the combination of dye and semiconductor is very important for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells and mercurochrome is one of the best sensitizers for nanoporous ZnO photoelectrode. In addition, a possibility of organic dye-sensitized oxide semiconductor solar cells has been proposed as well as one using metal complexes.  相似文献   

5.
The influence of alkylaminopyridine additives on the performance of a bis(tetrabutylammonium)cis-bis(thiocyanato)bis(2,2′-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid, 4′-carboxylate)ruthenium(II) dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cell with an I/I3 redox electrolyte in acetonitrile was studied. The current–voltage characteristics were measured for more than 20 different alkylaminopyridines under AM 1.5 (100 mW/cm2). The alkylaminopyridine additives tested had varying effects on the performance of the cell. All the additives decreased the short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc), but increased the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of the solar cell. Molecular orbital calculations imply that the dipole moment of the alkylaminopyridine molecules influences the Jsc of the cell and that the size, solvent accessible surface area, and ionization energy all affect the Voc of the cell. The highest Voc of 0.88 V was observed in an electrolyte containing 4-pyrrolidinopyridine, which is comparable to the maximum Voc of 0.9 V for a cell consisting of TiO2 electrode and I/I3 redox system.  相似文献   

6.
Photovoltaic devices were assembled using a conducting polymer; poly (3-thiophenemalonic acid) sensitized TiO2 electrodes and an electrolyte containing I3/I redox couple. This cell exhibited a short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 6.65 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 355 mV and an efficiency of 1.5% under the illumination of 100 mW cm−2 (AM 1.5). Addition of an ionic liquid, 1-methyl 3-n-hexylimidazolium iodide, into the electrolyte led to an improvement in the cell performances, achieving an overall efficiency of 1.8% under the same illumination. The average cell characteristics of the later devices are , with a fill factor of 0.65.  相似文献   

7.
Organic solar cells were fabricated with two new imidazolin-5-one molecules as active layers. The use of imidazolin-5-ones, derivatives of a biomolecule chromophore, for photovoltaic applications is particularly attractive due to its biodegradable nature and tunable properties. Single-layer devices with two analogues of imidazolin-5-ones were prepared and characterized. Devices fabricated with one of the molecules as the active layer showed a maximum Jsc of 0.52 μA cm−2 and Voc of 0.68 V at an incident power of 20.32 mW cm−2, while the other set of devices showed a maximum Jsc of 0.63 μA cm−2 and Voc of 0.57 V at the same incident power.  相似文献   

8.
Thickness reduction of CdTe absorption layer down to 1 μm has been achieved by controlling the temperature profile used during the close-spaced sublimation (CSS) growth. Transparent conducting oxides, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and textured fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO2:F) films have been investigated as transparent electrodes for such 1-μm-thick CdTe absorption layers to increase the incident light confinement and thus to achieve higher conversion efficiency. The contribution in solar cell performance has been found in the case of textured TCOs with optimum haze ratio (roughness). Conversion efficiencies of 10.6% (Voc: 0.75 V, Jsc: 22.02 mA/cm2, FF: 0.64, area: 1 cm2) and 11.2% (Voc: 0.78 V, Jsc: 22.6 mA/cm2, FF: 0.63) have been achieved for only 0.6-μm-thick CdTe absorption layers with SnO2:F-TCO of 11% and 3% of haze ratios, respectively.  相似文献   

9.
The effect of the iodide/triiodide redox electrolyte in various organic solvents on the photoelectrochemical properties of bis(tetrabutylammonium) cis-bis(thiocyanato)bis(4-carboxy-2,2′-bipyridine-4′-carboxylato)ruthenium(II)-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells was studied. Solvents with large donor numbers dramatically enhanced the open-circuit voltage (Voc), but usually reduced the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc). For a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetonitrile, Voc increased and the fill factor decreased with increasing THF concentration, but Jsc remained relatively constant. As the partial charge of the N or O atom of the solvent molecule increased, Voc increased, but Jsc was unchanged up to a certain value of the partial charge (for THF, −0.46). For cells using 0.3 M 4-tert-butylpyridine and 20 vol% THF in the electrolyte, a short-circuit photocurrent density of 18.23 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.73 V, a fill factor of 0.73, and an overall conversion efficiency of 9.74% were obtained.  相似文献   

10.
The influence of pyrazole additives in an I/I3 redox electrolyte solution on the performance of a bis(tetrabutylammonium)cis-bis(thiocyanato)bis(2,2′-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid, 4′-carboxylate)ruthenium(II) (N719) dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cell was studied. The current–voltage characteristics of the cell were measured using 18 different pyrazole derivatives. All of the pyrazole additives enhanced the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) and the solar energy conversion efficiency (η), but reduced the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc). Most of the pyrazoles improved fill factor (ff). The physical and chemical properties of the pyrazoles were computationally calculated in order to elucidate the reasons for the additive effects on cell performance. The greater the partial charge of the nitrogen atom at position 2 in the pyrazole group, the larger the Voc, but the smaller the Jsc values. As the dipole moment of the pyrazole derivatives increased, the Voc value increased, but the Jsc value decreased. The Voc of the cell also increased as the ionization energy of the pyrazoles decreased. These results suggest that the electron donicity of the pyrazole additives affected the interaction with the nanocrystalline TiO2 photoelectrode, the I/I3 electrolyte, and the acetonitrile solvent, which changed the Ru(II)-dye-sensitized solar cell performance.  相似文献   

11.
Dye-sensitized solar cell is fabricated using Rose Bengal dye (RB) for sensitization of nanocrystalline TiO2 and that imparts extension in spectral response towards visible region by modifying the semiconductor surface. Further, the photoresponse of the cell was evaluated by analyzing its JV and impedance characteristics under illumination with metal halide light source of 400 W with an incident light of 73 mW/cm2. Various photovoltaic parameters like Jsc, Voc, FF were evaluated and found to be 3.22 mA, 890 mV, 0.53, respectively, resulting conversion efficiency (η) of 2.09%. Impedance analysis of the cell was carried out to investigate the internal resistance of the cell by recording Cole–Cole plots in between real and imaginary impedance in dark and with illumination under variable biasing, i.e. from 0 to 3 V.  相似文献   

12.
This article reports for the first time in the literature, a dye sensitized solar cells with 1.21% efficiency (Voc=0.56 V, Jsc=6.70 mA/cm2 and F.F.=0.33) on paper substrates. The current dye sensitized solar cell technology is based on fluorine doped SnO2 (FTO) coated glass substrates. The problem with the glass substrate is its rigidity and heavy weight. Making DSSCs on paper opens the door for both photovoltaic and paper industries. The potential of using mature paper making and coating technologies will greatly reduce the current PV cost. Paper substrate based DSSCs not only offer the advantages of flexibility, portability and lightweight but also provide the opportunities for easy implantation to textile. In this study, a low temperature process is developed to coat uniform nickel on paper substrate as the metal contact to replace the traditional expensive FTO. The Ni paper showed excellent conductivity of 8-10 Ω/□. It is found that the control of metal oxide electrode morphology is critical to solar cell performance. The TiO2 film has the tendency to crack on Ni coated paper, which resulted in the shunt of the device and no solar cell efficiency was obtained. ZnO film on the other hand had good morphology tolerance on Ni coated paper and yielded solar cell efficiency of 1.21% (Voc=0.56 V, Jsc=6.70 mA/cm2 and F.F.=0.33) under AM 1.5 (activation area is 0.16 cm2). The control sample of ZnO solar cell on FTO glasses has the efficiency of 2.66% (Voc=0.64 V, Jsc=9.97 mA/cm2 and F.F.=0.42).  相似文献   

13.
InA1As/InGaAs solar cells on InP for a low-band-gap cell have been fabricated. From theoretical simulation it is expected that the optimized InA1As/InGaAs cell should have photovoltaic characteristics values of Jsc = 21.2 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.345 V, FF = 0.745 and ν = 4.02% at one sun AM0 without an AR-coating. The best performance achieved by experiment was Jsc = 22.0 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.320 V, FF = 0.695, ν = 3.61% without an AR-coating. The uniformity of the characteristics was much improved utilizing the InGaAs cap layer for a low contact resistivity.  相似文献   

14.
Blue sensitizers for solar cells: Natural dyes from Calafate and Jaboticaba   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Blue-violet anthocyanins from Jaboticaba (Myrtus cauliflora Mart) and Calafate (Berberies buxifolia Lam) were employed as TiO2 dye-sensitizers. Solar cells sensitized by Jaboticaba extracts achieved up to Jsc=9.0 mA cm−2, Voc=0.59 V, Pmax=1.9 mW cm−2 and ff=0.54, while for Calafate sensitized cells the values determined were up to Jsc=6.2 mA cm−2, Voc=0.47 V, Pmax=1.1 mW cm−2 and ff=0.36. Other natural dyes were evaluated without significant photocurrent, demonstrating that only selected extracts are capable of converting sunlight in electricity. The results obtained with extracts of Jaboticaba and Calafate show a successful conversion of visible light into electricity by using natural dyes as wide band-gap semiconductor sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. It also represents an environmentally friendly alternative for dye-sensitized solar cells with low cost production and an excellent system for educational purposes.  相似文献   

15.
The influence of aminothiazole additives in acetonitrile solution of an I/I3 redox electrolyte on the performance of a bis(tetrabutylammonium)cis-bis(thiocyanato)bis(2,2′- bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid, 4′-carboxylate)ruthenium(II) (N719) dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cell was studied. The current–voltage characteristics were investigated under AM 1.5 (100 mW/cm2) for nine different aminothiazole compounds. The aminothiazole additives tested had varying influences on the solar cell performance. Most of the additives enhanced the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc), but reduced the short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of the solar cell. Both the physical and chemical properties of the aminothiazoles were computationally calculated in order to determine the reasons that the additive influenced solar cell performance. The larger the calculated partial charge of the nitrogen atom in the thiazole, the higher the Voc value. The Voc value increased as the dipole moment of aminothiazoles in acetonitrile increased. Moreover, the Voc of the solar cell also increased as the size of the aminothiazole molecules decreased. These results suggest that the electron donicity of the aminothiazole additives influenced the interaction with the TiO2 photoelectrode, which altered the dye-sensitized solar cell performance.  相似文献   

16.
A comparative study of the cell performance of CIGS thin-film solar cells fabricated using ZnO:Al and ZnO:B window layers has been carried out. ZnO:B films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering using an undoped ZnO target in a B2H6–Ar gas mixture. The short-circuit current (Jsc) was found to improve upon the replacement of the ZnO:Al layer with ZnO:B layers. This improvement in Jsc is attributed to an increase in quantum efficiency due to the higher optical transmission of the ZnO:B layer in the near-infrared region. The best cell fabricated with a MgF2/ZnO:B/i-ZnO/CdS/CIGS/Mo structure yielded an active area efficiency of 18.0% with Voc=0.645 V, Jsc=36.8 mA/cm2, FF=0.76, and an active area of 0.2 cm2 under AM 1.5 illumination.  相似文献   

17.
Quasi-dye-sensitized solar cells were prepared by using ionic liquid-type electrolytes and gelators consisting of polyvinylpyridine and alkyl dihalides. Gelation occurred by the reaction of polyvinylpyridine and alkyl dihalides. When the chain length of the dihalides was varied, the short-circuit current (Jsc) increased with an increase in the chain length. However, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (ff) slightly decreased. The increase in Jsc was brought about by the decrease in the interfacial resistances between the gel electrolyte and the counter electrode. In addition, the increase in the Jsc was explained by increases in the apparent diffusion coefficient of I/I3 when the chain length increased. Decreases in Voc and ff were explained by back-electron transfers from TiO2 to iodine in the electrolytes. Voc of the cells solidified by alkyldiiodide was lower than that solidified by alkyldichloride or alkyldibromide. It was explained by negatively shifted redox potential of I/I3, compared with those for Cl/Cl2 or Br/Br2.  相似文献   

18.
Tungsten diselenide intercalated with indium p-In0.5WSe2 as the semiconducting base layer has been used in the film photocell ITO/WO3/In0.5WSe2. The short-circuit current Isc of that photocell equals 19.20 mA cm−2, the open-circuit voltage Voc = 0.57 V, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency η = 7.52%.  相似文献   

19.
a-SiOx films have been prepared using silane and pure oxygen as reactive gases in plasma CVD system. Diborane was introduced as a doping gas to obtain p-type conduction silicon oxide. Infrared absorption spectra show the incorporation of Si–O stretch mode around 1000 cm−1. The optical bandgap increases with the oxygen to silane gas ratio, while the electrical conductivity decreases. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells have been fabricated using p-type a-SiOx with around 1.85 eV optical bandgap and conductivity greater than 10−7 S/cm. The measured current–voltage characteristics of the solar cells under 100 mW/cm2 artificial light are Voc=0.84 V, Jsc=14.7 mA/cm2, FF=0.635 with a conversion efficiency of 7.84%.  相似文献   

20.
Open circuit voltage (Voc) and other photovoltaic parameters from fluorine tin oxide (FTO) P3OT/TiO2 composite solar cells have been investigated in comparison with those from the indium tin oxide (ITO) devices with the same device structure and fabrication process. From the experimental results, the performance of FTO-based devices is better than that of ITO devices in terms of Voc, short circuit current density (Jsc), and power conversion efficiency. The origin of Voc and the higher Voc of FTO can be explained and estimated by metal–insulator–metal model with a non-ohmic cathode contact.  相似文献   

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