自动测量装置在自动加工生产线上的应用

0概述 五十铃汽车传动轴三叉耳孔自动加工生产线是一条包含钻、扩、锪、粗镗、精镗、自动测量、滚挤等工艺的自动加工生产线,并配有上下料装置、前后提升装置和排屑装置等辅助设备.其工艺流程如图1所示.     

数控凸轮轴磨床跳档机构的设计

介绍数控凸轮轴磨床跳档机构的研制。通过机床数控系统控制伺服电机的运动,实现凸轮轴的凸轮轮廓生成曲线的连续磨削加工。     

基于Web的数控曲面磨床几何误差补偿技术

以误差补偿技术的网络化应用为目的展开研究,选取SMART-CNC数控曲面磨床为研究对象,运用多体理论,建立了磨床的运动模型,获得了与精密刀具轨迹相对应的逆变刀具路线或逆变数控指令的求解方法,在此基础开发了基于网络的误差补偿软件,构建了网络化误差补偿服务系统。仿真试验结果从理论上证明了本文建模方法的正确性和网络化应用方案的可行性。     

提高装载机自动测重装置测量精度的设计

自动测重装置是安装在装载机上用于实时自动测量装载机装载货物重量的仪器。提高测量精度是装载机自动测重装置设计过程中的一个重要环节，分析了在装载机自动测重装置设计过程中的各种误差，并提出了克服各种误差和干扰的设计方案。实际应用表明，本装置具有集成度高，测量精度和可靠性高等特点。     

皮带机自动张紧装置的设计与应用

图!皮带张力随皮带启动运行过程的变化曲线图"皮带张力自动控制系统结构图传感器拉力信号拉力继电器控制旋钮行程开关电磁制动器卷扬机状态指示报警图#皮带张力自动控制系统图单片机在大型煤矿的生产过程中,井下长距离大皮带担负着运输煤炭的任务。随着煤矿井下运输能力的不断提高及巷道的不断延伸,皮带机的皮带长度也在逐渐加长,其长度已经达到了数千米;所运送煤炭负载的动态变化,造成了绞带长度伸缩量的巨大变化,皮带的张力也随之成倍地上下波动,皮带寿命大为缩短,直接影响了皮带运输机的正常运行。通常采用重锤式或者油缸式皮带…     

复杂零件数控自动编程与虚拟加工

复杂零件编程加工时,多采用CAD/CAM软件先对零件进行自动编程,再使用虚拟仿真软件验证程序、进行仿真加工,不仅能够真实地模拟在加工过程中刀具的切削、加工零件、夹具、工作台及机床各轴的运动情况,还可以对加工过程进行修改、优化,最后进行实际加工。本文介绍使用CAXA数控车软件对复杂轴类零件进行自动编程,使用VERICUT软件对     

数控加工中刀具补偿的应用

在数控机床的加工过程中,可以清楚看出刀具（或电极丝、激光等,以下统称为刀具）中心的运动轨迹与工件已加工轮廓不重合,这是因为工件轮廓是刀具以运动包络的方式形成的。刀具的中心（底端面与轴线相交点）称为刀具的刀位点,刀位点的运动轨迹即代表刀具的运动轨迹。     

叉车自动称重装置的原理与设计

本文阐述了叉车自动称重装置信号转换系统的工作原理,讨论了该系统设计与调整的若干问题,并给出了设计实例。     

石材磨机的PLC控制系统

介绍了石材磨机的运动过程，阐述了PLC控制系统的主要功能和实现方法。分析了PLC应用的程序结构和软件设计思路。结果表明，对类似的领域有着较好的应用价值。     

Improving accuracy of automatic optical inspection with machine learning

Electronic devices require the printed circuit board(PCB)to support the whole structure,but the assembly of PCBs suffers from welding problem of the electronic components such as surface mounted devices(SMDs)resistors.The automated optical inspection(AOI)machine,widely used in industrial production,can take the image of PCBs and examine the welding issue.However,the AOI machine could commit false negative errors and dedicated technicians have to be employed to pick out those misjudged PCBs.This paper proposes a machine learning based method to improve the accuracy of AOI.In particular,we propose an adjacent pixel RGB value based method to pre-process the image from the AOI machine and build a customized deep learning model to classify the image.We present a practical scheme including two machine learning procedures to mitigate AOI errors.We conduct experiments with the real dataset from a production line for three months,the experimental results show that our method can reduce the rate of misjudgment from 0.3%–0.5%to 0.02%–0.03%,which is meaningful for thousands of PCBs each containing thousands of electronic components in practice.     

冲床自动保护装置的设计

设计了一种用红外二极管控制的光电自动保护装置,操作者未进入危险区域时,保护装置没有反应;一旦人体进入危险区域,装置立即报警,并同时切断电动机电源。其特点是控制准确率高(1 m内,有效控制率为100%)、制作简单、成本低。适宜在涉及冲压作业的现场推广应用。     

输电线路巡检机器人覆冰厚度测量装置的研究

结合在电力行业的实际应用,针对当前输电线路导线覆冰实时监测装置存在的问题,提出了安装在输电线路巡检机器人平台上使用的一种直接接触测试式的输电线路覆冰厚度测量装置。详细介绍了输电线路覆冰厚度测量装置的传感器选择、结构设计、测量原理,相应的电子电路部分以及数据处理方法。该装置的优势在于不改变原有线路,测量方式可靠,测量结果准确,可以对档距内的线路进行全程测量,较好地解决了当前存在的不足。为进一步进行性能测试打下了基础,为解决输电线路覆冰测量提供了新的解决方案。     

Design and development of automatic visual inspection system for PCB manufacturing

Inspection of solder joints has been a critical process in the electronic manufacturing industry to reduce manufacturing cost, improve yield, and ensure product quality and reliability. This paper proposes two inspection modules for an automatic solder joint classification system. The “front-end” inspection system includes illumination normalisation, localisation and segmentation. The “back-end” inspection involves the classification of solder joints using the Log-Gabor filter and classifier fusion. Five different levels of solder quality with respect to the amount of solder paste have been defined. The Log-Gabor filter has been demonstrated to achieve high recognition rates and is resistant to misalignment. This proposed system does not need any special illumination system, and the images are acquired by an ordinary digital camera. This system could contribute to the development of automated non-contact, non-destructive and low cost solder joint quality inspection systems.     

Recent advances in the automatic inspection of integrated circuits for pattern defects

Automatic inspection has become an essential part of manufacturing technology for integrated circuit (IC) chips, but three trends in the geometries of ICs and the chips that they comprise have serious implications for inspection, making further advances in technology challenging. The individual devices (e.g., transistors) are becoming smaller, with the smallest features on some advanced products already crossing the optical resolution threshold; the chip areas are becoming larger; and the chips consist of more layers and undergo more processing steps. Not only are the smallest defects more difficult to detect due to the optical resolution limit, they are also much rarer because the tolerable defect density decreases as the chip area increases. This paper addresses automated IC inspection, surveying recent advances and future challenges. An overview of all inspection on IC chips during the manufacturing process is followed by a detailed discussion of pattern defect inspection (PDI) and its unique requirements, such as detection probability, false alarm rate, throughput, and minimum defect size. The core material of the paper consists of a discussion of approaches and systems for PDI, emphasizing recent developments, but reviewing older work to set the proper context. Both work reported in the literature and commercial systems are considered.     

基于虚拟机的透明计算设备子系统设计及实现*

为解决在现有透明计算系统中磁盘等设备的虚拟化,需要对操作系统进行修改才能在端计算机上运行的问题,提出透明计算系统中一种基于虚拟机技术的设备子系统。以Intel VT硬件级虚拟支持和Xen虚拟化技术为基础, 在全虚拟化的虚拟机上运行用户操作系统: 通过运行在管理域用户空间中设备模型的虚拟磁盘和网络驱动,将用户域访问磁盘和网络的I/O请求跨网络地重定向到服务器进行处理, 从而实现端计算机上多操作系统的远程运行。在VT硬件平台和Xen虚拟机监控器上实现了原型系统,验证了该方法的可行性。     

An automatic measurement device for the evaluation of the print quality of printed characters

When using OCR equipment (OCR = Optical Character Recognition) it is necessary to define shape and print quality of the characters in national and international standards.The paper gives a review of the standardization of the character fonts OCR A and OCR B for optical character recognition. All relevant parameters are discussed which define the print quality of printed characters. A critical review of two measurement methods used so far for the evaluation of print quality parameters is given. The improvement of the measurement methods led to the development of an automatic measurement device which is described in detail.The automatic measurement device consists of a high precision scanning device to digitize the printed characters and a computer program for the evaluation of the data. The mechanical construction and the properties of the scanning device are explained. The computer program consists of two main parts for preprocessing of the scanned data and for the evaluation of the different print parameters.Test results are reported and possible applications of the measurement device are discussed.     

数控机床PLC的设计与应用

数控机床是典型的机电一体化系统。随着数控技术的迅速发展,数控机床的普及渐渐成为机械行业的潮流。本文详细分析了可编程控制器(PLC)在数控机床中的应用方式及其特点,以及PLC的设计方法。     

自动孔板印刷机中图像检测系统的设计与实现

设计与实现了自动孔板印刷机中印刷图像质量检测系统。该系统主要包括孔板印刷中多路印刷图像的获取、特征的提取和匹配以及质量监控处理等功能模块。在RG Chromaticity空间中采用模板匹配的方法设计了相关的算法,实现了对印刷图像的错位、漏印、渗溢以及颜色不均等质量因素的快速实时检测,并成功地应用于自动丝网印刷设备中。经过测试和运行取得了良好的质量监控效果和经济效益。