Fuzzy inference in rule-based real-time control

In this paper research into the application of ‘expert system’-like inference mechanisms in the field of fuzzy control is adressed. Using techniques from the area of rule-based expert systems, a more flexible way of design and modification is presented of new and existing fuzzy systems for modelling and control. In comparison with ‘normal’ applications of fuzzy inference, the ćompositional rule of inference is replaced by a fuzzy inference engine. General applicability of the fuzzy inference engine is made possible by its general character as a fuzzy expert system shell. Succesful implementations in simulation and realtime control environments show the flexibility and usefullness of the described fuzzy inference engine.     

A knowledge-based simulation environment for hierarchical flexiblemanufacturing

This article presents an approach to embedding expert systems within an object oriented simulation environment. The basic idea is to create classes of expert system models that can be interfaced with other model classes. An expert system shell is developed within a knowledge-based design and simulation environment which combines artificial intelligence and systems modeling concepts. In the given framework, interruptible and distributed expert systems can be defined as components of simulations models. This facilitates simulation modeling of knowledge-based controls for flexible manufacturing and many other autonomous intelligent systems. Moreover, the structure of a system can be specified using a recursive system entity structure (SES) and unfolded to generate a family of hierarchical structures using an extension of SES pruning called recursive pruning. This recursive generation of hierarchical structures is especially appropriate for design of multilevel flexible factories. The article illustrates the utility of the proposed framework within the flexible manufacturing context     

Intelligent information and diagnostic system for examining blood vessels

An information and diagnostic system (IDS) for examining the state of large elastic human blood vessels based on the pulse wave shape is proposed. This intelligent system equipped with an expert system as a decision making tool can process biomedical signals arriving from pulse wave sensors and can carry out multivariant analysis of the calculated indicators and characteristics. An inference engine for estimating the membership of the vessel states in a class of diseases is proposed. This engine is implemented based on fuzzy classification principles. The decision making procedure is simulated and its efficiency is estimated.     

基于专家系统的协同设计工作流管理系统研究

本文提出了一种支持协同产品设计的以规则为基础的工作流管理系统模型架构,其中以专家系统的推论引擎作为工作流程管理系统的推进机制,利用推论引擎的知识库存储流程的事实与规则,以各任务的输出结果、任务间的关联性并搭配预先定义好的流程规则作为推论的依据,讨论了系统的架构设计、关键技术及系统实现,该系统为复杂的工作流程提供了一种新的管理及控制模式。     

A VLSI implementation of a fuzzy-inference engine: Toward an expert system on a chip

We present a VLSI implementation of an inference mechanism to cope with uncertainty and to perform approximate reasoning. The design is based on the “max-min operation” of fuzzy set theory for effective and real-time use. This inference mechanism can handle imprecise and uncertain knowledge; therefore, it can obtain human expert knowledge and simulate reasoning processes. An inference mechanism has been realized by using custom CMOS technology which emphasizes simplicity, extensibility, and efficiency. Timing simulation suggests that the inference engine can perform approximately 80,000 fuzzy logical inferences per second. A potential application of such inference engines is real-time decision making in the area of command and control and adaptive command generation of robotic systems.     

基于CLIPS的卫星任务规划专家系统设计

本文提出了基于CLIPS的卫星任务规划专家系统的设计方法,详细分析了系统的结构和功能,重点讨论了中文产生式系统的BNF范式、基于上下文的推理机制和集合运算符。中文产生式系统的BNF范式基于CLIPS标准BNF范式定义,并依据BNF范式进行规则表示和规则自定义获取;推理机采用上下文限制的规则控制策略,依据不同的上下文加载相关的事实和规则,提高推理机的运行效率;利用规则中的对象逻辑子式进行了集合运算符的设计,并对极值运算符、属性差值运算符和均值运算符等三类集合运算符进行了探讨。该系统解决了卫星任务规划中知识表示和知识获取问题,提高了卫星任务规划推理效率,为卫星任务规划人员提供有效的辅助决策功能。     

基于模糊推理模型的专家系统的研究与应用

应用模糊推理理论的思想和方法设计和实现了一个燃煤锅炉事故诊断专家系统。本文详细介绍了系统的基本结构、知识表示和推理机制。系统采用模糊关系矩阵和基于框架的模糊推理相结合的推理方法,具有较高的准确性。最后给出了一个应用实例。     

为测试系统诊断设计并构造规则库和推理机

目前ＶＬＳＩ测试系统日趋复杂，要快速，精确地对它们进行诊断，不得不求助于专家系统，专家知识和解释专家知识并控制诊断进程的机制是专家系统的两大要素，它们又分别被称为规则库和推理机，针对这两大要素，本文阐述以下两方面的问题：（１）设计规则库的结构，（２）设计并构造用于ＶＬＳＩ测试系统诊断的推理机。     

专家系统中基于粗集的知识获取、更新与推理

知识获取、知识更新和不确定性推理是设计专家系统的重要方面。根据粗集理论，提出了一种专家系统的结构模型，该系统在规则获取的基础上，利用系统运行的实例增量式地更新知识库中的规则及其参数，以改善系统的性能，利用知识库中的规则及数量参数进行不确定性推理，得出结论的可信度。     

基于专家系统的航天器故障诊断地面模拟系统的研制

航天器故障诊断技术对于提高航天器的在轨工作的寿命、实现卫星的长寿命、高可靠有着重要的意义,介绍了以故障诊断专家系统理论为基础在程序控制故障模拟、数据采集设备的基础上研制航天器地面模拟设备对航天器在轨故障诊断有着重要的意义。描述了,地面模拟设备的组成和应用于故障诊断地面模拟设备的专家系统。实现了,基于专家系统推理机制的故障诊断专家系统、给出了实际应用的结果。基于专家系统的地面故障诊断设备能够满足在轨故障地面模拟的应用要求,对实现在轨故障的诊断有着一定的参考作用。     

故障诊断专家系统综合智能推理技术研究

推理机在故障诊断专家系统中起着非常重要的作用。提出普通规则、模糊逻辑和模糊神经网络推理相结合的综合智能推理机应用于故障诊断专家系统。综合智能推理机既能提高诊断推理的速度，又可以提高诊断推理的准确程度。通过对某型号导弹故障诊断验证，采用综合智能推理机诊断快速、准确率高，取得了较好的诊断效果。     

Behavior-based intelligent mobile robot using an immunized reinforcement adaptive learning mechanism

In this paper, a novel immunized reinforcement adaptive learning mechanism employing a behavior-based knowledge and the on-line adapting capabilities of the immune system is proposed and applied to an intelligent mobile robot. Rather than building a detailed mathematical model of immune systems, we try to explore principles in the immune system focusing on its self-organization, adaptive capability and immune memory. Two levels of the immune system, underlying the ‘micro’ level of cell interactions, and emergent ‘macro’ level of the behavior of the system are investigated.To evaluate the proposed immunized architecture, a ‘food foraging work’ simulation environment containing a mobile robot, foods, with/without obstacles is created to simulate the real world. The simulation results validate several significant characteristics of the immunized architecture: adaptability, learning, self-organizing, and stable ecological niche approaching.     

GIS支持的土壤适宜性评价专家系统的实现

采用地理信息系统为平台，建立了一个由数据库、知识库、推理机和人机界面所构成的专家系统．系统调用有关知识，通过推理模拟专家的评价过程．解决了传统的土壤适宜性评价方法所存在的计算复杂、定位困难等问题．试验性运用证明该系统稳定可靠．     

搅拌设备化工预设计专家系统的黑板系统结构

传统的手工设计混合设备的方法十分耗时且容易出错,因此实现设计的自动化和智能化是非常用意义的开发了搅拌设备化工预设计专家系统系统。详细介绍了专家系统的结构,系统采用两层黑板结构模型和多种知识源相结合的策略,来处理解决复杂的协同问题。知识源包括设计规则库、设计公式库和机械设备标准库,内部黑板主要是为规则库的推理机存储信息服务,而全局黑板系统则是整个系统的数据共享和信息交换中心,并采用层次框架结构进行表达,将人工智能技术与普通设计程序相结合,可以在设计过程为用户提供系统的帮助和指导,来实现搅拌设备设计的自动化和智能化。     

A hybrid expert system for equipment failure analysis

This paper outlines the development of a web-based expert system, equipment failure analysis expert system (EFAES), for the largest steel company in Taiwan. The EFAES inference engine employs both case-based reasoning (CBR) and rule-based reasoning (RBR) to generate a hybrid recommendation list for cross validation. Moreover, this inference engine was designed to support a hierarchical multi-attribute structure. Unlike the traditional ‘flat’ attribute structure, this hierarchical multi-attribute structure allows experts to weigh the attributes dynamically. Two two-dimensional matrixes, multi-attribute analysis (MAA) and subattributes matrix (SAM), are used to store the attributes' weight values. Normalized relative spending (NRS) is adapted to normalize the weight values for the inference engine. The system recommends both cases and rules, which can give more information in recognizing the failure types. According to our experimental results, applying our proposed method in an inference engine to analyze failure can result in better quality recommendations.     

Knowledge-based man-machine systems

A new method of increase user gain in man-machine interaction is discussed. In particular, attention is directed to describing a model in the computer. An intelligent system provided with the knowledge base and the inference mechanism is proposed for the purpose, whereby illustration is given of the system describing both structure and attributes of the real object in the same framework.     

智能神经网络程序设计语言的研究与实现

将神经网络与逻辑推理统一到面向对象理论中,建立了同时具备神经网络和专家系统特性、融合连接机制和符号机制的智能神经元模型。提出了一种新的程序设计语言——智能神经网络程序语言(NIPL),实现了神经计算、逻辑推理和数值计算的统一。定义了NIPL的语法,设计并实现了智能神经网络程序设计语言NIPL编译器,从而为开发智能神经网络应用系统提供了有效的手段。     

自动搓背装置的智能控制方法

为解决人们洗浴中的搓背难题,设计了一种自动搓背装置并开发了基于专家系统的控制算法.根据数据库中洗浴者的特征参数和实测压力,运用专家知识,专家系统的推理机对搓背速度进行推理决策,并控制执行机构以兼顾搓背效率和洗浴舒适的运动速度进行搓背.在样机上进行了试验,结果表明所设计的装置及其控制策略可实现多种搓洗速度,为不同的洗浴者提供个性化的搓背方案.     

Database Based Reasoning for Real Time Monitoring and Data Analysis in Intensive Care Units

The complexity of the monitored data available in modern intensive care units (ICUs) means that they are best processed, for presentation to medical staff, by expert system techniques. This article describes an expert system that has an appropriately designed inference engine, handling the temporal considerations inherent in monitoring and manages data acquisition via a Medical Information Bus. Also, we will describe how we extended our monitoring system in ICUs by writing an interface allowing communication in dynamic SQL with a relational database management system. The extended system facilitates both permanent filing of case data and the use of filed data by the rules of the expert system, and allows automatic intelligent screening of data prior to permanent filing so as to ensure data reliability.