基于脑电信号的正负情绪分类方法研究

驾驶员情绪状态的实时识别与预警,对保证道路交通安全系统的正常运行有着重要的作用与意义.本研究基于便携式脑电设备采集了 16位被试前额双通道脑电数据,分别从时域和频域上进行特征提取,使用集成学习分类的方法对正负情绪进行分类.结果显示频域特征以及特征的不对称指数在正负性情绪的分类起到了关键的作用,得到基于梯度提升决策树(GBDT)分类器的正负情绪识别准确率最佳,为92.4％.本研究提出了一种对驾驶员正负性情绪状态识别的新方法,为后续情绪状态的实时识别奠定了基础.     

不同情绪状态下脑网络的信息流向研究

脑功能网络的信息流向能反映不同脑区之间的因果关系,通过研究不同情绪状态下脑区间的因果关系,不仅对揭示情绪产生的机理至关重要,而且可以对情绪的产生进行有效的分析、识别和监控.在人工智能领域,有效的情绪识别将直接影响人机交互过程.本研究使用DEAP情绪数据集,基于传递熵的方法构建有向功能网络,探讨了在不同情绪状态下信息流的...     

Proximal SVM在脑功能分类中的应用研究

为了研究PSVM分类器用于脑功能识别的有效性与优越性,对脑功能识别做出了深入的研究和分析。采用三名受试者在睁眼和闭眼状态下的脑电实测数据,从不同角度深入分析和比较了PSVM分类器与标准SVM分类器的性能,主要衡量指标为识别率和训练时间。结果PSVM分类器优于标准SVM分类器之处在于,在保证识别率的同时,计算速度有了显著地提高。并且随着样本维数的增加,PSVM分类器的计算速度并没有下降。PSVM用于脑电信号功能识别是高效率的,这对今后的有实时要求的脑功能分类识别问题具有重要意义。     

脑电信号情绪识别研究综述

情绪识别是指通过人的面部表情、行为动作或者生理信号等信息识别人的情绪状态,其成果在医疗辅助、教育、交通安全等方面有很大的应用价值.由于脑电信号的客观真实性等特点,使用脑电信号进行情绪识别研究受到国内外学者们的广泛关注.查阅了大量脑电情绪识别相关文献并进行归纳、分析和总结.首先,对情绪以及情绪识别的定义、情绪的分类模型、...     

基于多参数融合的疲劳驾驶监测及预警系统

为预防交通事故发生,针对疲劳驾驶进行实时有效监测和预警的需要,提出在脑电检测的基础之上,提取了近似熵、Kc复杂度和C0复杂度,建立了混合专家网络分类器模型,实现了觉醒和瞌睡状态的预测.同时,用小波包域功率谱实现了闭眼的检测,作为瞌睡监测的辅助检测.系统监测异常状态时,将发出声音及视觉指示提醒驾驶员注意安全行驶.经测试,在最佳窗长下,觉醒和瞌睡状态的识别准确率为75.25±9.21;睁闭眼状态的识别准确率为87.31±3.97;系统监测的平均处理时间为0.1708±0.0124s.混合专家网络方法可以快速有效的识别睁眼、闭眼和瞌睡状态,为开发实时、便携的疲劳监测预警设备提供了很好的模型.     

基于脑网络和TSK模糊系统的癫痫脑电识别

脑电检测是癫痫疾病诊断的重要手段,但基于脑电信号特征的人工标记方法,对癫痫发作状态识别的准确度较低。将脑功能网络与TSK模糊系统相结合,提出一种癫痫脑电信号识别的新方法。通过分析多通道脑电信号之间的同步性,构建癫痫患者的脑功能网络,采用复杂网络方法提取特征参数;以脑网络参数为输入特征建立TSK模糊系统模型,通过监督式学习训练分类器,用于识别癫痫发作期的脑电波形。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性,模糊分类器对癫痫发作状态识别的准确度达到98.36%,99.48%敏感度和97.24%特异度。该方法将复杂网络与机器学习算法相融合,为通过脑电检测识别癫痫疾病状态提供了新方法,具有重要的应用价值。     

简化路况模式下驾驶员情绪模型的研究

驾驶辅助系统中的驾驶员模型较为单一, 没有考虑驾驶员的情绪状态对驾驶策略的影响. 为此, 本文研究了简化路况下驾驶员的情绪模型. 基于OCC (Ortony-clore-collins) 模型、情绪状态自发转移过程的马尔科夫模型和情绪状态刺激转移的隐马尔科夫模型(Hidden Markov model, HMM), 本文提出路况变化和无路况两种情况下的情绪模型, 并对驾驶员的跟驰、切换车道和超车过程中的情绪变化进行了研究. 在自发转移过程中, 结合情绪实时变化的特性, 提出了时变的自发转移过程,而在情绪刺激转移中, 考虑了情感对刺激的记忆效应, 即同种刺激先后对情感影响不同. 讨论了认知情感的变化对驾驶策略的影响. 针对车距、路宽和周围车辆车速对驾驶员的情感影响程度、刺激敏感程度以及特定事件对驾驶员的影响过程, 进行了仿真实验, 预估出驾驶员在特定事件刺激下会采取何种驾驶策略. 并进行了实测数据验证, 实验结果验证了所提出模型的有效性, 为驾驶辅助系统中建立驾驶员模型提供了有借鉴意义的基础理论.     

基于OVR-SVM及fMRI的词语识别认知状态分类研究

词语识别是人脑的一种高级认知过程.论文基于OpenfMRI开源数据集,利用脑图Dosenbach进行特征提取,采用OVR-SVM作为分类器对词语识别及相关认知状态进行了分类器的训练,使用分层K折交叉验证和ROC曲线对分类器进行了性能评估.实验结果显示,采用线性核、多项式核、RBF核、以及Sigmoid核的几种OVR-SVM中,RBF核的分类性能在统计上都显著高于其他三种核对应的SVM.实验结果表明,OVR-SVM作为一种计算模型可以有助于对词语识别认知状态的识别.     

基于PCA的离散小波自回归情感识别

针对情感识别进行研究,提出基于主成分分析法（PCA）过滤小波变换结合自回归模型提取的信号特征方法,并基于梯度提升分类树以实现情感分类.将特征提取的重点放在脑电信号变化情况以及小波分量变化情况作为脑电信号特征.采用Koelstra等提出的分析人类情绪状态的多模态标准数据库DEAP,提取8种正负情绪代表各个脑区的14个通道脑电数据.结果表明,算法对8种情感两两分类识别平均准确率为95.76%,最高准确率为98.75%,可为情感识别提供帮助.     

脑电信号情绪识别研究综述

通过面部表情、语音语调以及脑电等生理信号对人的情绪状态进行识别分类,即情绪识别,其在医疗、交通以及教育等领域有广泛应用。脑电信号由于其真实可靠,在情绪识别领域日益得到广泛关注。总结了近年来脑电情绪识别研究所取得的进展,主要介绍基于深度学习和迁移学习进行的脑电情绪识别研究。介绍了脑电情绪识别基础理论、常用公开数据集、信号的采集和预处理,介绍特征提取与选择,重点介绍了深度学习和迁移学习在脑电情绪识别上的应用。指出该领域目前面临的挑战和前景。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。