Correlated interference cancellation for IR-UWB

In this letter, we propose a hybrid analog/digital detection algorithm, the Correlated Interference Cancellation （CIC） algorithm, for Impulse Radio Ultra-WideBand （IR-UWB） system. The CIC algorithm correlates received signal with its delayed versions in the analog domain and samples the correlation output at the symbol rate. The symbol rate samples are processed in the digital domain to perform interference cancellation. Therefore, CIC works for high data rate systems with heavy InterSymbol Interference （ISI）. Simulation results show that CIC achieves good performance in typical UWB channels.     

All-optical gain control of in-line erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for hybrid analog/digital WDM systems

Automatic gain control using an all-optical feedback loop in in-line erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA's) used in hybrid analog/digital wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems was studied. It is found that the signal level variation for the digital channels can be maintained within a range /spl les/3-dB between the presence and dropout of the analog channel when the narrowband feedback is centered at the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) peak (/spl sim/1532 nm) with loop loss ranging between 13-22 dB. Robust transmission at 2.5 Gb/s without measurable power penalty was obtained for the digital channels when the EDFA was saturated by either the analog or the control lasing signal.     

Copy protection for DVD video

The prospect of consumer digital versatile disk (DVD) recorders highlights the challenge of protecting copyrighted video content from piracy. We describe the copy-protection system currently under consideration for DVD. The copy-protection system broadly tries to prevent illicit copies from being made from either the analog or digital I/O channels of DVD recorders. An analog copy-protection system is utilized to protect the NTSC/PAL output channel by preventing copies to VHS. The digital transmission of content is protected by a robust encryption protocol between two communicating devices. Watermarking is used to encode copy-control information retrievable from both digital and analog signals. Hence, such embedded signals avoid the need for metadata to be carried in either the digital or analog domains. Finally, the copy-protection system provides the capability for one-generation copying. We discuss some proposed solutions and some of the implementation issues that are being addressed     

Precoded Modulo-Precanceling Systems for Simulcasting Analog FM and Digital Data

We present techniques for simulcasting low-power digital data and analog FM over fading channels. Our methods have strong connections to what are referred to as dirty paper coding techniques in that a low-power digital data signal is modulo-added to the host analog FM signal. Due to the low power levels of the digital data and the suppression capability of analog FM, a standard analog FM receiver can be used to reliably recover the analog audio signal. We develop digital receivers that work reliably over fading channels given imperfect channel state information. Spreadresponse precoding is exploited to not only provide rate-1 temporal diversity benefits, but also to simplify the design of the modulo-precanceler and the receiver. Our theoretical and simulation-based performance analysis of the digital receivers and our MSE-based analog FM distortion analysis suggest that precoded modulo-precanceling schemes provide substantially higher data rates than existing precanceling strategies at the cost of transmission delay and transmitter and receiver complexity. The systems we present are also readily compatible with conventional channel coding techniques as well as with analog FM postcancelers, which can improve the digital receiver bit-error-rate performance at the expense of receiver complexity.     

AD9873在宽带有线电视机顶盒中的应用

AD9873是用于彬模和模／数转换的芯片，它带有1个D／A和4个A／D通道，用于对各种不同的混合信号进行处理和传输。该芯片可用于电缆调制解调器、数字通信、数据和视频调制解调器等。介绍AD9873的工作特点与性能参数，以及它在数字电视机顶盒中的应用。     

Pseudo-analog speech transmission in mobile radio communicationsystems

A low-complexity pseudo-analog speech transmission scheme is proposed for portable communications. It uses a speech coder based on adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) in combination with a multilevel digital modulation technique such as M-ary DPSK or M-ary FSK and features low quantization noise, bandwidth efficiency, and robustness to transmission errors. A nonsymmetric M -ary DPSK scheme called skewed M-ary DPSK is proposed to enhance the noisy channel performance. Comparison to conventional analog FM and a digital speech transmission scheme using adaptive predictive coding and forward error correction (FEC) based on convolutional coding shows that the pseudo-analog system has the best objective signal-to-noise ratio performance under most channel conditions. Informal subjective evaluations rate the digital system superior to the pseudo-analog scheme for bad channels and conversely for good channels. It is concluded that the pseudo-analog system can be designed with low delay and high speech quality for good channels with high spectral efficiency     

The impact of CSO/CTB distortion on BER characteristics by hybridmultichannel analog/QAM transmission systems

The FEC limit (uncorrectable errors) with CSO/CTB (composite second order/composite triple beats) distortion presence in a channel is not for modulated lasers only, but for coaxial networks with amplifiers too. The system quality reserve depends not only on CNR, but is more limited on CSO/CTB. It is important, for the definition of the system quality reserve, to calculate the CSO/CTB spectrum caused by analogue channels within analogue and digital QAM channels and also to calculate the changing of CNR from the intermodulation interaction between analog and digital channels in a CATV network     

高分辨率多通道激光标刻振镜输出转换与控制电路设计

介绍一种用于激光标刻的16位分辨率多通道D／A转换与控制电路。该电路设计了4通道的模拟输出，24路数字I／O接口，通过计算机对该电路的工作进行控制。文章阐述了该系统电路的硬件设计。     

HD Radio传输系统实验室性能测试

HD Radio是美国AM与FM波段的数字广播标准,为了了解其信号的传输性能及其在我国实际播出环境及广播频道规划条件下,与邻频道广播电台之间相互干扰的情况,需要对其传输性能进行实验室测试和场地测试,为我国调频频段广播数字化提供技术参考依据。本文主要探讨实验室性能测试的相关技术和方法。     

基于二分法的混合信号接口板的设计

介绍了一种基于二分算法的混合信号接口板.该接口板可通过编程任意配置测试芯片管脚实现模拟或数字信号输入端口与输出端口的无损连接,可广泛应用于芯片自动化测试领域.本设计采用二分法来实现管脚的分级,采用遍历引脚逐一比较的方式来配置引脚连接,通过控制模拟开关阵列来实现模拟信号的输入与输出端口连接,通过FPGA实现数字信号的输入与输出端口连接.该设计方案利用极少的开关实现了复杂线路的配置,具有较高的资源利用率,极大降低了芯片测试的难度和成本.     

LFMCW主动导引头数字接收的设计

针对线性调频连续波(LFMCW)主动导引头的零中频回波特征,提出了一种基于数字正交混频和高抽取率数字滤波的数字接收方案.与传统模拟接收方案相比,数字接收不仅降低了硬件实现的复杂度和体积,解决了I/Q通道幅相不一致的问题,而且可以显著减小后级信号处理的数据量.另外,通过数字接收频率和滤波带宽的实时调整,可以利用同一数字接收结构满足导引头目标搜索和跟踪的不同需求.系统实现表明该方案结构紧凑、控制灵活并且性能稳定,能够满足弹载小型化、低功耗和高可靠性的要求.     

Equalization of microwave digital radio channels with a hybridacousto-optic and digital processor

Digital radio transmission systems use complex modulation schemes that require powerful signal processing techniques to correct channel distortions and to minimize bit-error rates (BERs). Combined analog and digital processors are investigated for minimizing the mean square error (MSE) of the radio receiver. The analog filters are implemented using acousto-optic (AO) processing since rapidly adaptable, inverse channel filters can be produced for either minimum or nonminimum phase channels. A specific architecture is identified and a laboratory system is tested to verify the ability of the processor to track and correct time-varying channels. Computer simulations are used to show that hybrid analog and digital equalization allows an increase in the modulation capacity of radio, relative to all digital equalization, while maintaining similar equipment signatures     

Digital audio broadcasting in the FM band based on continuous phase modulation

A method for broadcasting digital audio signals simultaneously with existing analog frequency modulation radio (88-108 MHz) in adjacent channels is presented. The digital transmission is based on continuous phase modulation (CPM) and a proper reduced-state sequence estimator. With the proposed method, the power level and the symbol rate of the transmitter signal is determined in a manner that the interference the CPM signal poses for the analog FM signal in adjacent channels remains below a level according to the radio frequency emission mask defined by international rules. Due to the multipath propagation of the transmitted signal, the transmission behavior of the radio channel is determined by high dispersion up to 85 /spl mu/s. With the selected bit rate, the receiver has to cope with a channel memory of up to 17 bits. Since Viterbi detection is not feasible due to the number of channel states, detection is performed by a reduced-state sequence estimator that is able to eliminate the complete channel interference by decision feedback. Simulation results show that the detector almost achieves the detection quality of the optimum receiver. CPM achieves data rates of up to 200 kb/s inside a 200 kHz FM channel, which is sufficient for transmission of digital compressed audio signals at compact disc quality. The encouraging results of field tests will be published in another paper.     

数模混合电路实现一维模拟小波变换芯片

整个电路采用标准CMOS工艺,采取模块化设计的方法,把数字频率发生器和模拟滤波器部分分开设计。数字频率发生器采用直接数字综合(DDS)的方式,来产生5种不同中心频率(10个通道),简化了传统模拟压控振荡器(VCO)的设计,提高了频率发生器的灵活性;根据精度要求,模拟高斯低通滤波器采用5阶低通滤波器来进行逼近。并论述和讨论了一种用数字和模拟混合集成电路来实现一维模拟输入的连续小波变换(CWT)芯片的方法。     

数字信号相对模拟视频信号的电平设置

数字QAM频道不仅用于VOD点播,也用于直播电视,已在有线电视系统中大量部署,并且与模拟频道同时传输。如何正确设置二者的电平,关系到系统的性能指标和长期运行的稳定性。先给出了视频信号的概念和定义,然后详细描述了模拟与数字信号合成总功率的计算方法,最后介绍了数字平移后电平的调试方法。     

800 Mbit/s Digital Transmission System Over Coaxial Cable

800 Mbit/s digital transmission systems, using nonredundant three-level and four-level codes, have been studied as a means of providing an economically attractive digital transmission system. These systems have been designed to be compatible with a 60 MHz analog system in repeater spacing and repeater size, so as to be easily introduced into the existing network. These systems with 11 520 telephone channels, exceed the 60 MHz analog system in both capacity and economy. Due to repeater construction factors, it became clear that the three-level code is more suitable. This paper describes the design and performance of 800 Mbit/s digital transmission systems and repeaters.     

Measured Frequency Diversity Improvement for Digital Radio

This paper presents the measured frequency diversity improvement factor for 6 GHz 16-QAM 90 Mbit/s digital radio on the 26.4 mi Atlanta-Palmetto path in Georgia. Two channels with a center frequency separation of 59.3 MHz were used in a one-by-one frequency diversity experiment. The 1980 data and the 1982 data indicate a frequency diversity improvement factor of 100 and 45, respectively, at the outage threshold of 10^-3BER. This is in contrast to the improvement factor of 9 predicted for analog FM radio at the same fade margin. The measured one-by-one frequency diversity improvement factor is comparable to the measured space diversity improvement factor with 30 ft antenna spacing on the same path. We conclude that 1) frequency diversity can provide a large improvement factor for digital radio, 2) as an alternative to space diversity, frequency diversity can provide substantial cost savings for digital radio routes, and 3) the frequency diversity calculation based on analog FM radio experience is too conservative (i.e., pessimistic) for digital radio application. These experimental findings are in agreement with recent advances in digital radio diversity modeling. Digital radio performance depends heavily on the multipath dispersion in the channel. The measured data indicate that the power fade depths in the two channels are highly correlated, whereas the multipath dispersion in the two channels is decorrelated. This correlation difference provides insight into the measured large frequency diversity improvement factor for digital radio.     

一种宽带信号的多速率处理方法

相比于逐个信道接收的窄带信号而言,宽带接收机具有全概率接收的优势。为了解决接收宽带信号所需要的模／数（A／D ）转换采样率高、后续信号处理设备速度慢的问题,讨论了如何在A／D高速采样后使用多种滤波器级联的方法来进行多速率处理,最终达到降速率的目的。     

Switched-current oversampling converters

There are many choices in designing a real-time signal processing system. To exploit the advantages that inexpensive digital CMOS process technologies provide, it is usually a good choice to use digital signal processing circuits extensively and to use analog circuits only as a bridge between the real analog world and digital signal processing circuits. The mixed analog/digital circuits usually have high performance and low cost. SI oversampling converters in particular are the ideal choice as the front ends for the mixed analog/digital design. They serve to bridge the real world and modern process technologies     

Analog State Transmission with Digital Hardware

A novel strategy for analog state transmission providing a large number of analog channels is presented. The total bandwidth of a digital asynchronous bus is dynamically divided by a large number of separate channels using relatively simple modulation and arbitration circuitry. The concept introduces several interesting aspects like random quantization noise, good scaling capabilities and low area consumption. The feasibility of the method has been proven by measurements on a working chip implementation.