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1.
ABSTRACTThe explosion in the literature in the area of technology management indicates a need for some integration of concepts and issues. This article defines and discusses a Strategic Technology Management System (STMS), which meets this need. The STMS delineates a systems life cycle approach to technology management, which includes eight phases: creation, monitoring, assessment, transfer, acceptance, utilization, maturity, and decline. Each phase includes critical issues that must be managed in order for a firm to successfully control its product/service and process technology projects and programs. These critical issues are defined, and a number of industry examples are given to substantiate the STMS life cycle concept. Finally, several key performance factors for STMSs are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Bimal P. Nepal Om Prakash Yadav Rajesh Solanki 《Engineering Management Journal; EMJ》2013,25(1):52-68
Abstract:This article extends the new product development (NPD) literature by presenting a case study of a lean product development (LPD) transformation framework implemented at a U.S. based manufacturing firm. In a departure from typical LPD methods, in this article the design structure matrix and the cause and effect matrix are integrated into the lean transformation framework, allowing analysis of the underlying complexity of a product development (PD) system, and thus facilitating determination of the root causes of wasteful reworks. Several strategies to transform the current PD process into a lean process are discussed. Besides the two-phase improvement plan, a new organizational structure roadmap and a human resources plan are also suggested to support the recommended changes in the NPD process. The results of the first phase show a 32% reduction in PD cycle time due to the proposed NPD process. The article concludes with lessons learned and implications for engineering managers based on the case study. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACTIn recent years, the traditional systems engineering and project management approaches used by the U.S. Government have been ineffective in incorporating complete life cycle impacts and rapidly evolving technologies and operations concepts into large system developments or upgrades. This is particularly true for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). Although this article concentrates on large government systems, these shortcomings also apply to the industrial product development process. Solving this problem will strengthen manufacturing competitiveness for any international competitor.This article addresses the problem and describes a systems engineering methodology, dynamic systems-engineering, which enables users to accommodate changing needs; incorporate emerging technologies; identify, quantify, and manage system risks; manage evolving functional requirements; track the changing environment; and reduce system life cycle costs. 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACTChange and the need to respond rapidly to it generate the need for new thinking in how manufacturing is performed. The transition from mass production manufacturing to flexible, agile manufacturing will require a major overhaul that can be accomplished only through redesigning and integrating resources including people, systems, and technology. This article examines three different types of redesign: process, organization, and factory. Also described is how one company, Texas Instruments Defense Systems & Electronics Group (DSEG), has employed a redesign methodology in its Harpoon missile program to remain competitive. 相似文献
5.
Abstract:In this article, we discuss how the adoption and use of social media tools influences new product development (NPD). Our aim is specifically to consider how an organization's absorptive capacity is influenced by using social media tools. Based on a two-phase data collection process comparing the situation before and after adoption of social media tools in three organizations, we conclude that the amount of accessible knowledge and the number of ideas increases as an organization's ability to find and access various sources of intra-organizational expertise increases, thus, increasing knowledge acquisition and assimilation. Consequently, we infer that organizational absorptive capacity rises and is linked to improvement in new product development. 相似文献
6.
AbstractCombining the product-process matrix and cost-volume-profit analysis, we identify a pattern of annual cash flows for new product development (NPD) and name it the New Product Investment Curve (NPIC). A sample of 411 firms provides confirming evidence for the NPIC. On average, firms needed 12 years to recover their initial and subsequent investments for NPD. The break-even time, however, exhibits significant differences across industries depending on the speed of innovation and the cost structure of each industry. Engineering managers in an industry with high R&D and high fixed costs need to prepare for longer break-even times than those in other industries. This article provides implications for the value of cooperation between engineering managers and financial managers in NPD. 相似文献
7.
Philip C. Hicks 《Engineering Management Journal; EMJ》2013,25(1):29-34
AbstractEngineering management (EM) and management of technology (MOT) M.S. degree programs throughout the U.S. are entrusted with educating future leaders of industry and technology. However, little research has been conducted on the nature of the methods and tactics taught.This research used the six schools of management thought as developed by Dr. Harold Koontz (1961) to classify various EM and MOT programs. Combining similar schools of management thought reduced them to three. These are management process/empirical, human behavior/social systems, and mathematical/decision theory. This study indicates heavy use of the mathematical/ decision theory and the management process/empirical schools by most of EM and MOT programs. 相似文献
8.
Avanish Singh Chauhan Gunjan Soni Ajay Pal Singh Rathore 《Engineering Management Journal; EMJ》2018,30(2):85-97
New products are major sources of competitive advantage and success for a manufacturing enterprise. However, not all new product development (NPD) initiatives result in a successful product and are therefore a major cause of wasted resources. Furthermore, NPD processes are becoming increasingly complex and risky due to today’s globalized market and customers’ desire for technologically advanced products. While there has been a significant interest in academia about NPD risks, the existing literature is spread across multiple outlets, making it difficult for any practitioner or researcher to synthesize the current work. This article aims to minimize that gap by providing a comprehensive overview of current research activities in the field of risk management in NPD process in one place. The research design is based on mapping and classification of the existing body of knowledge into the domains of NPD risk analysis and management. The article analyzes the contemporary NPD risk analysis methods on three fronts: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. Based on the review, the article then identifies and discusses several key areas for future research significant to engineering management practices. Finally, an integrated framework is presented to provide a holistic approach toward risk management in the NPD process, followed by the practical implications for engineering managers and practitioners. 相似文献
9.
E. Douglas Harris 《Engineering Management Journal; EMJ》2013,25(1):19-23
ABSTRACTThis paper presents a method for acquiring precursory technology knowledge (PTK) and details how managing the technological advancement of PTK is a prerequisite for capturing a competitive technical advantage. Acquired precursory knowledge in technology is simply the requisite knowledge a technologist must have to take rapid, intelligent, and informed approaches to solving technological problems. The research data was gathered at SMU-sponsored engineering management seminars and workshops from more than 200 engineers representing several of the best U.S. high-technology firms. Very specific recommendations are outlined for acquiring PTK and for managing this knowledge to assist corporations in becoming more competitive. The conclusions delineate several reasons for corporations to implement these findings. 相似文献
10.
Anirban Ganguly Roshanak Nilchiani John V. Farr 《Engineering Management Journal; EMJ》2013,25(1):34-39
Abstract:Disruptive technology can be defined as an emerging technology whose arrival in the marketplace signifies the eventual displacement of the dominant technology in that sector. Defining and assessing a set of key metrics for a disruptive technology at its early stages can substantially aid an enterprise to develop requirements, identify, and in turn increase the possibility of the successful launch of a disruptive technology. This article aims at defining a set of key metrics for evaluation of a possible disruptive technology. A case study is subsequently used for demonstrating the metrics identified. The article concludes with its relevance to the engineering management domain and directions for future research. 相似文献
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Abstract:The current global customer trend requires companies across domains to reduce their product development lifecycle. As a result the exploration of methodologies that will support rapid system development has been gaining importance. The primary focus of this article is to provide a framework for comparative analysis of rapid system development methodologies. The purpose of this framework is to help the project managers and systems engineers choose and tailor an appropriate rapid development methodology to suit their development context and environment. Toward this, the framework identifies and defines a set of critical rapid development attributes. The article redefines rapid system development as adopting methodologies, tools, and techniques that can introduce rapidity into the system development processes while optimizing the success factors of development. The success factors are specific to the system under development and they depend on the system, product line, organization, and customers. Some of the common success factors are return-on-investment (ROI), cost of ownership, other performance factors, and customer satisfaction. The article provides a fundamental discussion on the current rapid system development methodologies, metrics, tools, and techniques. 相似文献
13.
Abstract:This article presents the findings from four case studies on stakeholder engagement in new healthcare information and communication technology (ICT) product-service system (PSS) development. The degree of connectivity between the new healthcare ICT PSS and its intended operating environment has emerged to be an important contextual factor that may impact decisions concerning stakeholder engagement in the early stage development process. The four propositions of stakeholder identification and engagement in the development process, put forward in this article, provide important directions for future work in exploring the implications of PSS characterization in early-stage new healthcare PSS development process. 相似文献
14.
AbstractThe engineering design process transforms stakeholder needs into design specifications. This study focuses on the engineering design process for systems of products and services known as product-service systems (PSS) and proposes a novel way to analyze PSS ideas by four characteristics: customer perceived value level, connectivity number, type and degree of connectivity, and configuration type. The process to apply this characterization scheme examines the interdependencies within a PSS and between the PSS and its environment and holistically incorporates the interests of customers, end-users, and social and environmental stakeholders early in the development process. This process clarifies design specifications in seven cases across five industries. 相似文献
15.
基于并行工程的新产品开发过程计划管理 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文分析了制造企业目前新产品开发过程计划管理的现状,提出了基于并行工程的先进的新产品开发过程计划管理模式,这一模式包括建立集成的产品开发团队、开发活动管理、开发计划管理等。 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACTA wide variety of estimating software systems for the construction industry is available on the market. Just as the needs of estimators vary greatly, so do the capabilities and applications of these systems. This article summarizes the results of a recent survey of commercially available cost-estimating software systems for the construction industry. The focus of this study is on the Australian market, although a few of the systems reviewed are from the United Kingdom and the United States. The study identifies a list of software features on which the systems are evaluated and summarizes these features in 17 commercially available estimating systems. The benefits of these systems are illustrated by example applications. The article then compares Australian estimating systems to U.K. and U.S. systems, based on similar studies performed by other researchers in those two countries. This article aims to assist users in identifying particular software features currently available from vendors and to provide a basis for the initial comparison of the systems reviewed. It illustrates the current level of development of commercially available computerized estimating systems found in most markets. It can help readers to become aware of the possibilities that now exist for computerized estimating. 相似文献
17.
This work presents a literature survey of the available data of the experimental surface tension data for refrigerants. The experimental data were collected for the following pure fluids: R11, R12, R13, R13B1, R14, R21, R22, R23, R32, R113, R114, R115, R123, R123a, R124, R125, R134, R134a, R141b, R143a, R152a, R218, R225ca, R225cb, R227ea, R236ea, R236fa, R245ca, R245fa, R365mfc, R846, and R1234yf. Experimental data were regressed with the most reliable semi-empirical correlating methods based on the corresponding state theory existing in the literature.To minimize the deviation between the predicted data and the experimental data and to find the optimal equation for data representation, a design of experiment procedure coupled with the Yates algorithm and the steepest ascent method was adopted. Finally, the influence of the dipole moment on the refrigerant surface tension prediction was discussed and a new equation to represent the surface tension of refrigerants was presented. 相似文献
18.
The body of research relating to the implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has been increasing rapidly over the last few years. It is important, particularly for SMEs, to recognize the elements for a successful ERP implementation in their environments. This research aims to examine the critical elements that constitute a successful ERP implementation in SMEs. The objective is to identify the constituents within the critical elements. A comprehensive literature review and interviews with eight SMEs in the UK were carried out. The results serve as the basic input into the formation of the critical elements and their constituents. Three main critical elements are formed: critical success factors, critical people and critical uncertainties. Within each critical element, the related constituents are identified. Using the process theory approach, the constituents within each critical element are linked to their specific phase(s) of ERP implementation. Ten constituents for critical success factors were found, nine constituents for critical people and 21 constituents for critical uncertainties. The research suggests that a successful ERP implementation often requires the identification and management of the critical elements and their constituents at each phase of implementation. The results are constructed as a reference framework that aims to provide researchers and practitioners with indicators and guidelines to improve the success rate of ERP implementation in SMEs. 相似文献
19.
S. Brad 《国际生产研究杂志》2013,51(21):5979-6008
The development of concepts for new generations of products that are located at the convergence of various cutting-edge technologies requires: integration of knowledge from different fields of science and technology; the management of non-linear interactions of technical, cognitive and organizational nature; the handling of multiple and inconsistent information; innovative solving of negative correlations between different system's characteristics, etc. Despite specialists’ experience, empirical approaches to the synthesis process for this category of products do not represent a reliable solution. An innovative tool for the systematic management of the synthesis process of complex innovative products is introduced in this paper. It is called the complex system design technique (CSDT) and incorporates a set of coefficients and a specific algorithm that take data from product performance planning process (e.g. data extracted from QFD-type matrices) for the formulation of a working scheme for system design (WSSD). This scheme represents a practical tool for the new product synthesis (design) process. It also allows systematic integration of innovation and analysis tools (e.g. TRIZ, AFD, Pugh, Design-FMEA, etc.) in the product synthesis process. 相似文献