太阳能热力系统的最佳运行温度和效率

本文应用有限时间热力学方法研究了太阳能热机，以求得太阳热力系统的最佳运行温度，给出了分别基于柯曾－阿尔邦效率和经典卡诺效率的最佳运行温度之间的相对差异。     

如何提高太阳能热发电系统的效率

从如何提高太阳能热发电系统各个环节效率的分析入手,论述了提高太阳能热发电系统效率的方法。     

太阳能热发电系列文章(3)碟式太阳能热发电

2005年8月10日,美国SES公司(Stirling Energy Systems)与SCE公司(Southern California Edison)签订了一份为期20年的购买电力合同,由SES公司在美国洛杉矶东北莫哈韦沙漠地区采用碟式斯     

太阳能热发电技术的研究

1太阳能发电技术 太阳能发电的方式有多种，主要有通过热过程的“聚热式太阳能热发电（CSP）”。     

不同有机工质对太阳能低温热发电效率的影响

建立了带有工质液态区与两相区二级蒸发器的太阳能低温热发电系统模型。研究工质液态区集热器效率随蒸发器中换热流体和工质两者质量流量比变化的函数关系,并在最佳质量流量比条件下比较不同工质对集热器整体效率的影响。研究发现,相同蒸发温度条件下两相区吸热量与液态区吸热量比值越小的工质,对应的集热器整体效率越高。把不同工质对ORC效率的影响进行对比,指出具有最高的ORC效率的工质并不能同时获得最高的集热效率。对该文研究的热发电系统,在750W/m~2的辐照条件下,R113相比于其它工质发电效率最高,系统最大发电效率达到8.0%。     

太阳能热发电技术

叙述了太阳能热发电技术的分类及其在我国的应用前景。     

塔式太阳能热发电系统定日镜场的设计思考

化石燃料的有限储量及其燃烧产物对环境的污染，使得可再生能源的研究和开发日益迫切。太阳能热发电技术作为最有可能引起能源革命、实现大功率发电的可再生能源技术得到了广泛的关注。20世纪80年代以来，美国、以色列、西班牙等国相继建立了不同形式的太阳能热发电示范装置，促进了塔式太阳能热发电技术的发展。美国能源部主持的研究结果表明：在大规模发电方面，塔式太阳能热发电将是所有太阳能发电技术中成本最低的一种。据预测，到2020年，其发电成本约为每度5美分，具有很强的市场竞争力。     

太阳能热发电系统的研究开发现状

太阳能热发电是一种很有发展前景的大规模太阳能利用技术.介绍和分析了国内外塔式、槽式、碟式等太阳能热发电技术的研究状况,分析了这些技术的优缺点以及一些改进方案.结合我国国情,指出了我国太阳能热发电所面临的问题及挑战;根据我国可再生能源发展规划,分析了我国太阳能热发电技术的发展前景.     

太阳能热发电系列文章(6)聚光太阳能热发电的控制系统

聚光类太阳能热发电技术是指利用聚光器收集太阳能,通过接收器转换成热能,加热工质,驱动热动力装置进行发电的技术。现有的聚光类太阳能热发电系统按照形式不同可分为槽式太阳能热发电系     

太阳能热发电——太阳能斯特林热发电

本文通过对太阳能热发电,特别是太阳能斯特林热发电的发展和特点进行了叙述,说明了发展太阳能斯特林发电技术的意义和重要性.     

A medium-temperature solar thermal power system and its efficiency optimisation

This paper firstly expounds that the reheat-regenerative Rankine power cycle is a suitable cycle for the parabolic trough collector, a popular kind of collector in the power industry. In a thermal power cycle, the higher the temperature at which heat is supplied, the higher the efficiency of the cycle. On the other hand, for a given kind of collector at the same exiting temperature, the higher the temperature of the fluid entering the collector, the lower the efficiency of the collector. With the same exiting temperature of the solar field and the same temperature differences at the hottest end of the superheater/reheater and at the pinch points in the heat exchangers (e.g., the boiler) in the cycle, the efficiencies of the system are subject to the temperature of the fluid entering the collector or the saturation temperature at the boiler. This paper also investigates the optimal thermal and exergetic efficiencies for the combined system of the power cycle and collector. To make most advantage of the collector, the exiting fluid is supposed to be at the maximum temperature the collector can harvest. Hence, the thermal and exergetic efficiencies of the system are related to the saturation temperature at the boiler here.     

Hydrogen production through an ocean thermal energy conversion system operating at an optimum temperature drop

Storage of electrical energy produced from an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system is considered to be extremely essential, since the conversion process could take place in a remote offshore area and distant from the actual utilization sites. Energy conversion from an OTEC system into hydrogen energy, which is used for power generation through fuel cells, is an important approach of storing such energy for further utilizations. In this paper, a technical analysis of hydrogen production through an OTEC system coupled with a polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyser (PEM), which is developed by the Japanese international clean energy network using hydrogen conversion (WE-NET), is performed. The analysis is conducted at an optimum temperature drop between the working fluid and seawater, δT_op. Furthermore, the analysis is carried out at various temperature differences between the surface and deep sea water, ΔT. The calculated results demonstrated the significance of temperature drop and temperature difference on the electrical power output and conversion efficiency. Moreover, the actual rate of hydrogen production varied from 2.5 N m³/h to 60 N m³/h as ΔT raised from 5 °C to 25 °C, respectively.     

太阳能热发电系统与分类(1)

本文扼要概述太阳能热发电系统的基本概念,并在全面分析现有相关系统集成原则和特点的基础上,提出两个层面的系统分类思路与方法。一方面,按太阳能聚光集热过程的本质特征,主要分为五种类型:塔式、槽式、碟式、太阳能热气流与太阳能热池等发电系统;另一个方面按能源转化利用模式的本质特征,主要分为三种类型:单纯太阳能发电系统、太阳能与化石能源综合互补系统和太阳能热化学复合系统等。     

太阳能热发电系统与分类(2)

(二)顶部层面分类从输入端能源转化利用模式看,太阳能热发电系统的发展经历了三个不同的阶段,逐步形成三大种类的系统:单纯太阳能发电系统、太阳能与化石能源综合互补系统和太阳能热化学重整复合系统等。     

Determination of the optimum pond temperature for maximizing power production of a convecting solar pond thermal-energy conversion system

In order to maximize power production of a convecting solar pond power plant, the optimum pond temperature and the corresponding final conversion efficiency are determined numerically. As the heat sink temperature of the associated power plant was increased, the optimum pond temperature increased and the corresponding final conversion efficiency decreased. Further, the optimum final conversion efficiency of the present solar pond thermal-energy conversion system was found to be less than 3% under the meteorological conditions of Japan.     

太阳能热发电高温蓄热技术

一前言太阳能热发电技术是除风电以外最有经济竞争力的可再生能源发电技术。太阳能集热器把收集到的太阳辐射能发送至接收器产生热空气或热蒸汽,用传统的电力循环来产生电能,具有技术成熟、发电成本低和容易与化石燃料形成混合发电系统的优点。太阳能高温蓄热技术是太阳能热发电的关键技术。由于太阳辐射强度时刻在变化,太阳能热发电系统在早晚或云遮间隙必须依靠储存的能量维持系     

Exergetic analysis of a solar thermal power system

This communication presents a second law analysis based on an exergy concept for a solar thermal power system. Basic energy and exergy analysis for the system components (viz. parabolic trough collector/receiver and Rankine heat engine, etc.) are carried out for evaluating the respective losses as well as exergetic efficiency for typical solar thermal power systems under given operating conditions. It is found that the main energy loss takes place at the condenser of the heat engine part, whereas the exergy analysis shows that the collector–receiver assembly is the part where the losses are maximum. The analysis and results can be used for evaluating the component irreversibilities which can also explain the deviation between the actual efficiency and ideal efficiency of a solar thermal power system.     

Analysis of gas dissociation solar thermal power system

Energy collected at high temperatures in a set of scattered solar furnaces can be delivered to a central facility at intermediate temperature by using a polyatomic gas in a closed cycle circulation system. For example, gaseous SO₃ dissociates at 800 to 1000°C to form SO₂ + O₂ with absorption of heat; the products recombine in the presence of a catalyst at 500 to 600°C liberating the heat of recombination. A system using SO₃ for energy transfer and scaled for production of a continuous 100 MW of electrical power with 3 days of cloudy weather storage is outlined.Alternate working fluids CH₄ + H₂O, COCl₂ and NF₃ are compared. Selected design options, potential problem areas, and possibilities of utilizing the collected heat for chemical processing are discussed.     

太阳能热发电系列文章(1)聚光类太阳能热发电概述

能源短缺、资源枯竭、环境污染等问题已严重影响人们的生活和制约社会的发展,各国竞相开展水能、风能、地热能、生物质能、潮汐能、太阳能等清洁和可再生能源的应用研究。美国、德国、以色列、澳大利亚及日本等国家在太阳能应用技术研究方面起步较早,也是当今太