Ag-Cu-Si合金的熔化特性

用ＤＴＡ 法测定Ａｇ － Ｃｕ － Ｓｉ 合金中（ＣｕＡｇｘ）１００ － ｙ － Ｓｉｙ（ｘ ＝ １０ ， ２０ ， ３０ ， ４０ ， ５０ ，７２） 及（ＣｕＳｉ５） － Ａｇ ７ 个特定成份伪二元系的固相线、液相线。结果表明， Ｓｉ 含量对Ａｇ － Ｃｕ合金液相线温度及熔化间隔Δｔ 的影响是显著的。在研究的Ｓｉ 名誉含量０ ～１０ｗｔ％ ， 其液相线呈“Ｖ”型变化。Δｔ 值小对于钎料合金选择和降低Ａｇ 含量是有利的     

SiC陶瓷与TiAl合金的真空钎焊

采用Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ钎料对常压烧结的ＳｉＣ陶瓷与ＴｉＡｌ金属间化合物进行了真空钎焊,并对接头的微观组织和室温强度进行了研究。结果表明,利用Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ钎料可以实现ＳｉＣ与ＴｉＡｌ的连接;接头界面具有明显的层状结构,即由Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ合金层、富Ｃｕ相与富Ａｇ相的双相层和Ｔｉ－Ａｌ－Ｃｕ合金层组成;在１１７３Ｋ和１０ｍｉｎ的钎焊条件下,接头室温剪切强度达互１７３ＭＰａ。     

微量硅对Ag—Cu—Pd合金钎焊特性的改进

研究了０．３０￣１．０ｗｔ％Ｓｉ对Ａｇ－２０Ｃｕ－１５Ｐｄ钎料合金钎焊特性之影响，指出：微量Ｓｉ降低其固相线，液相线温度并使其固－液相线间隔变窄。Ｓｉ的添加还提高了Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｐｄ合金在母材Ｆｅ－Ｎｉ－Ｃｏ上的铺展性。     

Si3N4—钢铁针接用银—铜—钛钎料及其钎接工艺

研究了合金Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ钎料成分对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４浸润性及针接温度对该钎料钎接Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－钢铁的钎接强度的强度。用该工艺进行了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４发热体与金属外套的钎接。经综合测试可知满足Ｓｉ３Ｎ４电热塞技术要求。     

Ag—Cu—Si三元合金体系液相线

采用ＤＴＡ法测定了富Ａｇ－Ｃｕ区的Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ三元合金系的液相面。Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ三元系被Ａｇ－Ｃｕ０．７６Ｓｉ０．２４截面分为Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｃｕ０．７６Ｓｉ０．２４及Ａｇ－Ｃｕ０．７６Ｓｉ０．２４－Ｓｉ两个伪三元系,它们各有一个三元低共熔点分别为７４０和７０５℃,相应组成（原子分数）分别为１２．５％Ａｇ＋７１．７％Ｃｕ＋１５．８％Ｓｉ和３０％Ａｇ＋４４．７％Ｃｕ＋２５．３％Ｓｉ。     

Cu、Mg、Si、La对低成分AI-Cu-Mg-Si合金强度的影响

在正交实验的基础上研究了Ｃｕ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｉ、Ｌａ及形变热处理对低成分铝合金ＡＩ－（０．４５％～１．４５％）Ｃｕ－（１．１４％～２．１４％）Ｍｇ－（０．２５％～１．２５％）Ｓｉ－（０～０．２％）Ｌａ强度的影响。实验结果表明,它们对合金室温抗拉强度影响的主次顺序为：Ｓｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｇ、Ｌａ而形变热处理与常规热处理相比,能提高实验合金的抗拉强度。     

Cu,Mg,Si,La对低成分Al—Cu—Mg—Si合金强度的影响

在正交实验的基础上研究了Ｃｕ、ｇ,Ｓｉ,Ｌａ及形变热处理对低成分铝合金Ａｌ－（０．４５％￣１．４５％）Ｃｕ－（１．１４％￣２．１４％）Ｍｇ－（０．２５％￣１．２５）Ｓｉ－（０￣０．２％）Ｌａ强度的影响。实验结果表明,它们对合金室温抗拉强度影响的主次顺序为：Ｓｉ、Ｃｕ,Ｍｇ,Ｌａ;而形变热处理与常规热处理相比,能提高实验合金的抗拉强度。     

铜基与银基钎料用膏状钎剂的研究

研究的适用于铜基、银基钎料使用的状钎剂，具有钎焊工艺性能优良，活性温度区间宽（５５０－９５０℃），残渣废蚀性小的特点，配合国产钎料（如ＢＣｕ６０ＺｎＳｎ，ＢＡｇ４５ＣｕＺｎ等），可用于铜及其合金、钢及不锈钢以及镍基合金的钎焊，产品已形成了系列。     

Si_3N_4－钢铁钎接用银－铜－钛钎料及其钎接工艺

研究了合金型Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ钎料成分对Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４浸润性及钎接温度对该系钎料钎接Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４－钢铁的钎接强度的影响。用该工艺进行Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４电热塞中Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４发热体与金属外套的钎接，经综合测试可知满足Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４电热塞技术要求。     

钴对Ag—Cu—Pd合金钎料性能的影响

研究结果表明,在Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｐｄ合金钎料中添加０．２－１．０ｗｔ％Ｃｏ后,对钎料的物理性能,电学性能以及力学性能无明显影响,但对ＢＡｇ６５ＣｕＰｄ钎料在某些母材上过度的铺展性确有显著地抑制作用,Ａｇ６５Ｃｕ２０Ｐｄ１５－ｘＣｏｘ钎料可以部分地取代电子器件中的金基纤料。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。