肾茶多糖纤维素酶法提取工艺及抗氧化活性研究

研究纤维素酶提取肾茶多糖的工艺及体外抗氧化活性。在单因素试验基础上进行响应面法优化提取工艺条件,并通过自由基清除及还原能力试验,测定肾茶多糖的抗氧化活性。结果表明,最佳工艺条件料液比1∶30(g/mL),酶用量2%,酶解pH3.90,酶解温度52℃,酶解时间2 h,肾茶多糖提取率为12.51%。抗氧化活性研究中,肾茶多糖对自由基的清除及还原能力随其浓度的增大而增强。综合分析说明,响应面法优化纤维素酶提取肾茶多糖的工艺有效、可行,所提多糖具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

响应面优化酶法提取五味子多糖的工艺及抗氧化活性研究

研究纤维素酶提取五味子多糖的工艺及体外抗氧化活性。在单因素试验的基础上以响应面分析法优化提取工艺,最佳提取工艺条件为:酶解温度65℃,酶解时间为2.98 h,提取液p H 7.98,酶用量2.06%,料液比1︰40(g/m L),药材粒径80目,五味子多糖的提取率为19.38%。对五味子多糖的体外抗氧化活性进行研究。结果显示,五味子多糖体外总抗氧化能力和还原力显著,与浓度呈明显的量效关系,对DPPH自由基,羟自由基,超氧阴离子自由基具有较强的清除能力。     

栝楼藤茎多糖的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

选用栝楼的藤茎为原料,采用单因素试验和正交试验设计的方法,对栝楼藤茎多糖的微波辅助提取工艺进行优化;以DPPH自由基清除率、对羟自由基清除率和还原能力为指标,评价栝楼藤茎多糖的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:微波辅助提取栝楼藤茎多糖的最佳工艺条件为:料液比为1:15(g:mL),微波处理时间为4 min,微波功率为700 W,此提取条件下栝楼藤茎多糖的平均得率为3.71%;抗氧化试验结果显示,清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的半抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为1.829 mg/mL和0.52 mg/mL;还原能力测定试验中,当栝楼藤茎多糖的质量浓度为2.5 mg/mL时,在700 nm下的吸光度值达到0.426。说明栝楼藤茎多糖具有抗氧化活性,具有进一步研究的价值。     

构树花多糖提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性

采用单因素试验结合响应面法优化构树花多糖的最佳提取工艺参数,并以ABTS+自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除率为考察指标,研究构树花多糖的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,提取构树花多糖的最佳工艺参数为料液比1 ∶43（g/mL）,超声功率105 W,提取温度68 ℃,提取时间65 min,在该条件下,构树花多糖得率为6.66%。体外抗氧化试验结果表明,构树花多糖可清除ABTS+自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基,在一定浓度范围内,构树花多糖浓度越高,抗氧化能力越强。     

水提醇沉法提取蛹虫草多糖的工艺优化及体外抗氧化效果研究

目的优化蛹虫草多糖的提取工艺,研究蛹虫草多糖的体外抗氧化效果。方法以水提醇沉法提取蛹虫草中的多糖,采用正交试验优化提取工艺,并通过1, 1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH)和羟自由基清除能力测定评价虫草多糖体外抗氧化效果。结果蛹虫草多糖的最佳提取条件为菌粉粒度80目,料液比1:20,提取温度65℃,提取时间2 h,提取次数3次,在此条件下,提取率达10.42%。随着浓度的增加,多糖的体外抗氧化活性呈上升趋势,当浓度为1.2 mg/ml时,多糖对DPPH自由基、羟自由基的清除率分别为同浓度下抗坏血酸的54.29%,65.69%。结论优化后工艺提高了蛹虫草多糖的提取率,并保留了其抗氧化活性,可为蛹虫草多糖的开发利用奠定基础。     

响应面法优化西洋参果多糖的提取工艺及其体外抗氧化活性

目的：对西洋参果实中的多糖进行提取,结合响应面法对提取工艺进行优化,并对西洋参果多糖是否具有体外抗氧化活性进行研究。方法：本研究以新鲜的西洋参果实为原料,采用了水提醇沉法提取其中的多糖。用单因素实验以及响应面法对提取工艺进行了优化。从DPPH自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率以及还原能力三个方面进行果多糖的体外抗氧化活性研究。结果：最佳工艺参数为：提取时间为2.5 h,乙醇浓度为80%,料液比为1:16 g/mL,此时的多糖得率为29.47%±0.65%,与模型预测值相当。在以下三方面考察了西洋参果多糖的体外抗氧化活性：多糖浓度为3.4 mg/mL时,其DPPH自由基清除率达75.14%±0.65%,IC₅₀值为0.71 mg/mL;多糖浓度为3.4 mg/mL时,其羟基自由基的清除率可达71.82%±1.43%,IC₅₀值为0.87 mg/mL;多糖的浓度为1.0 mg/mL时,其总还原力达到了0.730,并且其体外抗氧化能力随西洋参果多糖浓度的增加而增强。结论：抗氧化活性的实验结果说明了西洋参果多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性。本研究可以为西洋参果多...     

微波-超声波协同辅助优化阳荷多糖提取工艺及抗氧化性分析

以野生阳荷为原料,采用微波-超声协同辅助提取阳荷中的多糖并优化其提取工艺,借助体外抗氧化模型对阳荷多糖进行抗氧化分析。响应面分析法优化得到阳荷多糖的最优提取工艺为:超声功率454 W,提取时间15 min,提取温度67℃,料液比1∶26(g/mL)。在此工艺条件下,阳荷多糖的最优得率为(10.40±0.35)%。体外抗氧化活性分析表明,阳荷多糖具有较强的清除DPPH·、ABTS+·、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)和羟基自由基(·OH)能力,其自由基清除活性随阳荷多糖浓度的增加而增强,证明阳荷多糖是一类优异的自由基清除剂。     

超高压提取青钱柳多糖条件优化及抗氧化活性

试验以青钱柳叶为原料,研究青钱柳多糖的超高压提取工艺,对提取的青钱柳粗多糖进行抗氧化活性试验。采用单因素及正交试验对青钱柳多糖的超高压提取工艺进行优化,结果显示,青钱柳多糖最佳提取条件为:料液比1︰25(g/mL)、提取温度30℃、提取压力500 MPa。在此条件下,青钱柳多糖得率最高,为3.70%。将青钱柳粗多糖进行清除DPPH自由基、清除羟基自由基试验,以抗坏血酸(VC)为对照,测定青钱柳叶粗多糖的体外抗氧化能力。结果表明,青钱柳叶粗多糖清除DPPH自由基效果较好且较对照组浓度低,最高清除率为93.0%,而清除羟基自由基效果低于对照。     

蛹虫草多糖提取工艺优化及其抗菌、抗氧化活性

为研究蛹虫草多糖的提取工艺及其抗菌、抗氧化活性,以蛹虫草为原料,采用双频逆流聚能式超声波辅助法提取蛹虫草多糖。以蛹虫草多糖提取率为指标,在单因素试验基础上,通过响应面试验优化其提取工艺。结果表明,蛹虫草多糖最佳提取工艺条件为超声波功率420 W、超声温度60℃、提取时间50 min,该条件下蛹虫草多糖提取率为7.17% 。体外抗氧化试验结果表明,蛹虫草多糖对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基的半数抑制浓度（IC50）分别为36.05 μg/mL和0.33 mg/mL,具有较强的清除能力。体外抗菌试验结果表明,蛹虫草多糖对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有一定的抑制作用,最低抑菌浓度分别为0.4 mg/mL和0.8 mg/mL,且随着质量浓度的增加而不断增强。     

超声波辅助提取菠萝皮渣多糖及其抗氧化活性研究

采用超声波技术辅助提取菠萝皮渣多糖,利用正交设计实验优化其提取工艺,并利用体外实验研究该多糖对羟自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基(DPPH·)的清除能力及其还原能力,以评价其抗氧化活性。研究结果表明,超声波辅助提取最佳工艺参数为:料液比1∶50(m/v),时间40 min,温度60℃,功率为570 W,该条件下多糖的得率为2.38%;在本实验浓度范围(1.50~3.50 mg/m L)内,菠萝皮渣多糖对·OH的清除率随其浓度的增加而增加,但清除能力均低于同浓度VC,清除DPPH·自由基的IC_(50)为2.47 mg/m L,对Fe~(3+)的还原能力随多糖浓度的增加而增加。可见,超声波辅助提取工艺效果较好,能缩短提取时间,提高菠萝皮渣多糖的得率;体外抗氧化实验表明菠萝皮渣多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性。从菠萝皮渣中提取活性多糖,可以变废为宝,实现菠萝资源的高值化利用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press