Acoustic-resonance-free electronic ballast for automotive HID lamps

A novel cost-effective and acoustic-resonance-free electronic ballast used to drive automotive high intensity discharging (HID) lamps that utilise a constant lamp power control scheme is proposed. The presented ballast is comprised of a buck-boost flyback converter to provide negative DC voltages and a half-bridge-type inverter to supply the lamp with low-frequency, square-wave AC voltage/ current. Owing to its low-frequency operation, no acoustic resonance occurs on the automotive HID lamps. Design guidelines and experimental results are demonstrated for a 35 Wautomotive HID lamp prototype ballast operating at 400 Hz switching frequency with battery input DC voltage of 12 V.     

High-efficiency low-stress electronic dimming ballast for multiplefluorescent lamps

An electronic dimming ballast with a lead-lag tank operation (LLTO) having the properties of high efficiency and low stress is introduced in this paper. The ballast is configured with a voltage-fed half-bridge series-resonant parallel-loaded inverter (SRPLI) acting as a lamp driver. It is loaded with resonant tanks which are designed and operated to be capacitive and inductive to theoretically achieve both zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) and to eliminate the reactive current circulating through the switches, resulting in low switching and conduction losses. Moreover, the merit of a successive lamp ignition can be attained with the proposed operation scheme so that current stress imposed on the switches can be reduced. With the plasma model of fluorescent lamps, the analysis, operating principle, and dimming control strategy of the electronic ballast are described in detail. On the other hand, the limitations of the proposed scheme are pointed out. Computer simulation results and experimental measurements are used to verify the theoretical prediction and analytical discussion     

基于L6562的金卤灯电子镇流器恒功率控制技术

设计了一种可用于小功率金属卤化物（MH）灯的电子镇流器。电路的主要特点是成本低,电路简单,可靠性高。利用L6562内部自带的运算放大器根据输入电压和负载的变化而引入负反馈,以达到近似恒功率控制的控制策略。实验结果表明,当灯电压变化±15%左右时,采用该控制策略,输出功率变化可控制在5%左右。     

A microcontroller-based emergency ballast for fluorescent lamps

This paper presents a new emergency ballast for fluorescent lamps. The fundamental block is the microcontroller-based control circuit, which performs the supervision and control function. High-frequency electronics techniques are proposed for the high power factor battery charger and the lamp driver, which provides high luminous efficacy. In this way, size and weight have been minimized for the whole system. With the introduction of the microcontroller, the system has the capability of testing itself, checking its functional state, and displaying internal faults. Thus, the reliability of the system is improved and, concurrently, maintenance cost is decreased     

Design and performance of an electronic ballast for high-pressuresodium (HPS) lamps

An electronic ballast for high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps was designed and evaluated, theoretically and experimentally. The ballast is based on the half-bridge topology and includes a high-voltage ignitor and dimming capability. It was used to drive and examine the high frequency characteristics of a commercial HPS lamp (NAV-T 150 W (SON-T), OSRAM). The experimental results reveal that, for the frequency range of this study (27-75 kHz), the lamp is free of the acoustic resonance problem. It was also found that, for the present experimental conditions, the lamp is purely resistive, and the resistance is practically independent of the power level and operating frequency. The lamp exhibited stable operation over a very large dimming range, down to about 7% of nominal power. The 2.8-kV ignition pulse was found to be sufficient for both cold and hot startup under the proposed operating conditions     

基于AP1661的荧光灯电子镇流器

随着绿色照明的推广,节能高效的荧光灯及其电子镇流器得到大规模的应用.     

Analysis and design of a high power factor, single-stage electronic ballast for high-intensity discharge lamps

This paper proposes a single-stage electronic ballast for high-intensity discharge lamps. The ballast consists of the integration of a boost converter in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and a full-bridge LCC resonant inverter. The boost semi-stage working in DCM functions as a power factor corrector and the inverter semi-stage operated above resonance is employed to drive the lamp. The sine-wave approximation is used to design the inverter at steady-state. The proposed electronic ballast can save a controller, reduce size and possibly increase system reliability compared to conventional two-stage system. The proposed ballast is analyzed, simulated and experimentally verified with a 125 W HPS lamp.     

A resonant inverter for electronic ballast applications

Electronic ballasts must provide enough open circuit voltage to start the fluorescent lamp and current limiting while the lamp is running. Resonant inverters may be utilized in electronic ballasts because of their load-dependent characteristics. The three basic types of resonant inverters, the series-loaded, parallel-loaded, and the series-parallel-loaded, are compared using fundamental approximation techniques for their applicability in electronic ballasts operating from a low voltage source. A parallel-loaded resonant inverter operating slightly above its resonant frequency is selected because of the high voltage gains possible. Operation above the resonant frequency allows zero-voltage turn on of the semiconductor devices. Zero-voltage turn off can be achieved with the addition of lossless snubber capacitors. Experimental results from a lab prototype are used to verify the design procedure     

基于FAN7711的电子镇流器原理与设计

介绍了FAN7711镇流器控制IC的主要特点及基于FAN7711的荧光灯电子镇流器原理与设计.     

数字式荧光灯电子镇流器的研究与设计

荧光灯由于其复杂的启动过程和时序控制要求,传统的模拟控制实现往往显得麻烦且复杂.介绍了一种基于数字控制的通用化荧光灯电子镇流器,它以MC56F8013 DSP作为控制核心,采用Boost电路进行功率因素校正.通过变频控制,实现了荧光灯预热,高压启动与调光功能.与传统模拟电子镇流器相比,该电子镇流器结构简单,控制灵活并易...     

电子镇流器用低损耗铝电解电容器

根据电子镇流器对铝电解电容器性能的要求,开发了高电导率、低漏电流的电解液。研制出ｔｇδ为常规品一半的铝电解电容器。在带负载的耐久性试验中通过了１０００ｈ,１００℃考核。从容量变化率考虑,低损耗铝电解电容器适用于电子镇流器线路。     

基于IR21592型控制器的调光电子镇流器的原理与设计

介绍IR21592型调光镇流器控制器的特点,详细阐述基于IR21592的36 W荧光灯调光电子镇流器电路的工作原理与设计.     

Analysis and experimental results of a single-stagehigh-power-factor electronic ballast based on flyback converter

A new single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast based on a flyback converter is presented in this paper. The ballast is able to supply a fluorescent lamp assuring a high-input power factor for the utility line. Other features are lamp power regulation against line voltage variations and low lamp current crest factor, both assuring long lamp life. The ballast is analyzed at steady-state operation, and design equations and characteristics are obtained. Also, a procedure for the ballast design is presented. Finally, simulation and experimental results from a laboratory prototype are shown     

路灯电子镇流器组网的通信实验研究

搭建一个路灯电子镇流器组网的模拟实验系统,对集中控制终端和子终端进行通信流程设计,以实现上位机对集中控制终端、集中控制终端对子终端的命令传送,以及子终端对集中控制终端、集中控制终端对上位机的命令传回,特别对集中控制终端与子终端之间的电力线载波通信波形、数据,以及上位机接收到的数据进行实验研究,结果表明模拟组网系统成功实现了上位机、集中控制终端、子终端之间的通信。     

Low-cost single-stage electronic ballast based on aself-oscillating resonant inverter integrated with a buck-boost PFCcircuit

In this paper, a new solution to implement and control a single-stage electronic ballast based on the integration of a buck-boost power-factor-correction stage and a half-bridge resonant inverter is presented. The control signals are obtained from the inverter resonant current by means of a saturable transformer. Core saturation is used to control the required dead time between the control pulses of both switches. Since no special integrated circuits are required to control the ballast, the total number of components is minimized and the final cost of the ballast is reduced compared to a typical two-stage configuration. Analysis and basic design guidelines are presented in the paper, together with experimental results obtained from a laboratory prototype     

Characteristics of electric power transmission on high-frequencyinverter having distributed constant line at load side

An induction heating system aimed at improving the characteristics of high-frequency power supplied from the high-frequency, inverter to the parallel resonant load circuit is proposed, and its transmission efficiency is studied. In this system, high-frequency power can be supplied by lowering the effect of the inductance component accompanied by wiring between the inverter circuit and the resonant load circuit. Impedance matching between the inverter and the resonant circuit and high-efficiency power transmission from the inverter to the load circuit are possible. If a flexible coaxial cable is used as the distributed constant line, it is easy to cope with the case in which comparative distance exists between the inverter part and the heating part or the case in which the heating part is moved     

1.3-/spl mu/m continuously tunable distributed feedback laser with constant power output based on GaInNAs-GaAs

We have investigated tunable distributed-feedback (DFB) lasers based on GaInNAs quantum wells grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Three-section tunable DFB lasers were fabricated by patterning laterally gain coupled binary superimposed gratings perpendicular to a ridge waveguide. The discrete tuning range covers 24 nm with sidemode suppression ratios of about 35 dB. The lasers were tuned continuously over a range of over 10 nm with a constant power output of 15 mW per facet.     

A measurement of very fast transition durations due to gapdischarge in air using distributed constant line system

Very fast transition durations (rising time in positive polarity and falling time in negative polarity) due to starting of gap discharge were investigated in time domain. The gap space was set very small for voltages below 1500 V as a simulation of the charged device model (CDM) electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the gap discharge of switch devices. The measurement system consists of a distributed constant line system with a tapered coaxial electrode, which has a matched impedance for the characteristic impedance of the distributed constant line system. The insertion loss of the tapered coaxial electrode was within -3 dB in the frequency range below 4.5 GHz. The atmosphere around the electrode is ordinary air. This experimental system enables one to measure the high-speed transients of about 100 ps due to gap discharge in time domain. As a consequence of the experiment, the relationship between the discharge voltage and transition duration was confirmed. The voltage rise time was slowed down gradually in positive polarity, while the voltage fall time was slowed down remarkably in negative polarity for the 0.1-mm needle     

高频链逆变器的重复控制策略研究

介绍了高频链逆变器的拓扑.建立了高频链逆变器及其重复控制策略的仿真模型,并对系统进行仿真分析.通过仿真验证了重复控制策略能够使高频链逆变器获得高质量的输出波形.     

An improved design procedure for LCC resonant filter of dimmable electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps, based on lamp model

This paper presents an improved design methodology for the determination of the parameters used in the classical series-resonant parallel-loaded (SRPL) filter employed in the switching frequency controlled dimmable electronic ballasts. According to the analysis developed in this paper, it is possible to evaluate some important characteristics of the resonant filter during the dimming operation, such as: range of switching frequency, phase shift, and rms value of the current drained by the resonant filter + fluorescent lamp set. Experimental results are presented in order to validate the analyses developed in this paper.