共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用干凝胶法,以聚碳硅烷(PCS)为原料,通过炉内成球技术制备了SiC空心陶瓷微球。并利用TG、IR、SEM、XRD等方法对陶瓷微球进行了成键结构、表面形貌等分析,讨论了有机聚合物的陶瓷化过程机理。结果表明,干凝胶成球技术能利用经纯化处理的聚碳硅烷在500~600 ℃下得到SiC空心陶瓷微球,采用乙醇作为发泡剂可使PCS凝胶粒子得到良好发泡效果,提高载气中氦气含量至50%~80%可提高干凝胶粒子在吸热阶段的升温速率,微球经辐照后在850 ℃下碳化生成以β-SiC为主要相结构的球壳,球壳具有较好的表面平整度。 相似文献
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氦冷固态增殖包层是中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)的3种候选包层概念之一,氚增殖球床是包层的核心部件,采用硅酸锂颗粒作为氚增殖材料。球床结构对氚在球床内的输运行为及流动和传热均有重要影响。本文基于离散单元法(DEM)生成了满足氚增殖球床填充率要求的随机堆积结构,通过CFD计算获取了球床结构下氚在吹扫气体内的等效扩散系数及吹扫气体的流动特性,包括速度分布、压力分布及进出口压降;开展了外加热流及有内热源两种工况下球床等效导热系数的模拟。计算结果表明,球床结构下氚在吹扫气体内的等效扩散系数为二元气体扩散系数的40%;受球床结构影响,球床内存在流动迟滞区,壁面出现流动加速;拟合得到Ergun方程的黏性阻力系数C1=87;有内热源工况下的球床等效导热系数低于外加热流工况下的球床等效导热系数。 相似文献
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在共沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米磁粉的基础上,以丙烯酰胺(Acrylamide,AM)为单体在反相微乳液中通过电子束辐照的方法制备了具有核壳结构的四氧化三铁/聚丙烯酰胺磁性核壳微球(Fe3O4/Polyacrylamide,PAM),用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱、动态激光光散射仪表征样品.结果表明,制备的磁粉为Fe3O4单相,粒径为9nm左右,磁性高分子微球Fe3O4/PAM直径范围为80-150 nm,呈球形.分析了乳化剂用量,单体浓度,磁粉用量,吸收剂量等对Fe3O4/PAM微球粒径的影响规律. 相似文献
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针对溶胶—凝胶法制备掺钛UO2微球中出现的掺钛凝胶微球粘连严重、烧结过度、微球抛光面腐蚀等现象,通过改进工艺条件和参数来解决工艺中出现的问题.结果表明:增加胶凝时间不仅能解决凝胶球的挤压变形问题,而且能大大改善凝胶球的粘连问题;降低烧结温度可以得到表面更加光滑的烧结体;选用浓硝酸(ω=68%)和高纯H2O(二者体积比为... 相似文献
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制备致密UO_2微球的全胶凝方法 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
为了制备高温气冷反应堆用燃料芯核,致密UO_2微球,研究了一种新的溶胶-凝胶工艺.该流程具有经典的溶胶-凝胶工艺的优点,但克服了它们的缺点.已经知道,合理的配方设计和良好的干燥条件是克服破裂困难的关键因素.影响胶滴尺寸及其分布的控制因素是:极限流量、几何因子、物理因子和振动因子.微球干燥和焙烧参数的优化是依据热分析曲线来确定的.用SEM方法观察了热处理过程中的微观结构的变化.观察了真空烧结的重结晶现象.观察了UO_2·nH_2O的化学气相沉积.结果表明:晶粒大小随烧结温度增加而增加.本工艺适合于制备500μm直径的微球.其产率为90%.球度优于1.08.球径范围为470-530μm.1400-1450℃真空条件下的烧结密度范围为10.71-10.76 g/cm~3. 相似文献
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单分散羧基化聚苯乙烯微球的辐射聚合制备及其应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本工作采用辐射分散两步聚合法,以苯乙烯(St)为单体,衣康酸(IA)为共聚单体,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂,乙醇,水混合溶剂为分散介质,合成了粒径0.6~2.1μm的单分散羧基化聚苯乙烯微球。在两步聚合法的第一步反应中成核阶段已经基本结束,成核粒子数目也已保持稳定。因此,在第二步反应中加入共聚单体会减少二次成核的机率,所得到的聚合物微球的单分散陛较好,并与辐射分散聚合一步法作了对比。详细讨论了分散聚合过程中,稳定剂用量、乙醇,水质量比以及衣康酸含量对于聚合物微球的粒径及粒径分布的影响;用电导滴定法表征了羧基官能团在分散共聚合各相中的分配情况;以制得的羧基化聚苯乙烯微球为模板在辐射场中通过多次辐射界面还原反应得到P(St-co-IA)/Co复合微球。 相似文献
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有机溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法常用于制备成分均匀、粒度细而分布范围窄、活性高的多元成分精细陶瓷粉末。该法因具有所用原料价廉易得、设备简单、流程短而应用范围正在不断扩大,并已在压电陶瓷、导电陶瓷、磁性陶瓷、高温超导陶瓷等细粉制备中得到应用。 相似文献
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Diamond films have great potential for micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS) application.For device realization,precise patterning of diamond films at micrometer scale is indispensable.In this paper,simple and facile methods will be demonstrated for smart patterning of diamond films,in which two etching techniques,i.e.,plasma dry etching and chemical wet etching(including isotropic-etching and anisotropic-etching) have been developed for obtaining diamond microstructures with different morphology demands.Free-standing diamond micro-gears and micro-combs were achieved as examples by using the experimental procedures.It is confirmed that as-designed diamond structures with a straight side wall and a distinct boundary can be fabricated effectively and efficiently by using such methods. 相似文献
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Xiao-Xiao Li Miao Zhang Wei-Yue Zhou Chung-King Liu Da-Qiao Meng 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2016,53(2):250-257
Li2TiO3 is one of the most promising candidates among tritium breeders. In this work, Li2TiO3 pebbles with a narrow size distribution, high density, small grain size, and good sphericity are synthesized using the commercial Li2TiO3 powder as the raw material by a co-flow capillary-based microfluidic wet process. Highly uniform slurry droplets containing Li2TiO3 powder and polyvinyl alcohol were formed in the microfluidic device and then solidified with the cross-linking reaction between polyvinyl alcohol and borax. Li2TiO3 pebbles were finally obtained after sintering the green bodies. The size of sintered Li2TiO3 pebbles with a good sphericity (Dmax/Dmin < 1.05) can be controlled precisely in a size range of 400–1000 µm by adjusting the flow rate of disperse and continuous phases. The effects of the calcination method, sintering condition, solid content of slurry, and the particle size of Li2TiO3 powder on the relative density of Li2TiO3 pebbles prepared were studied in detail, and 97.16% T.D. (Theoretical Density) maximum relative density of the pebbles with 5 µm grain size were fabricated. 相似文献
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UN燃料具有铀密度高、熔点高、热导率高、热膨胀系数低、辐照稳定性好等优点,是未来空间核电源、核火箭、快堆和ADS的重要候选燃料。本文采用金属铀粉与氮气在300~400℃直接发生化合反应,制得单相U2N3粉末。粒度为38.3 μm的U2N3粉末在1 600 ℃真空热压烧结,制得相对密度为93.5%、存在少量金属铀相的UN陶瓷;而18.1 μm的U2N3粉末在1 550 ℃真空热压烧结,制得相对密度为96.1%、不残留金属铀相的UN陶瓷,U与N的总质量分数为99.57%,每个金属杂质含量均低于50 μg/g,氧含量为1 048 μg/g,碳含量为502 μg/g。U2N3在1 027 ℃以上将会完全分解成UN,UN在1 627 ℃以上也会发生分解。 相似文献
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锂陶瓷氚增殖剂的氢同位素行为是聚变堆固态产氚包层关心的重要课题。本文将3 keV D+注入Li4SiO4,采用X射线光电子能谱在线分析注氘前后材料表面的化学状态,同时采用热解吸谱(TDS)实验技术,研究注氘后Li4SiO4中氢同位素的热解吸行为。实验结果表明:D+注入会改变Li4SiO4表面的化学环境,产生多种辐照缺陷和化学键合状态;氘滞留量和热解行为受注氘时样品的温度影响较大,可在一定程度上预测产氚包层中氚的滞留行为。 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(12):1051-1053
In-reactor experiments were performed in Nuclear Safety Research Reactor of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute to study the failure behavior of stainless steel clad fuel rods under a simulated reactivity initiated accident (RIA) condition. A single test fuel rod with stainless steel cladding was contained in a capsule filled with water at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and irradiated by pulsing power simulating an RIA. It was revealed through the experiments that the failure mechanism of the stainless steel clad fuel rod was cladding melting, which was different from oxygen-induced embrittlement observed in the Zircaloy clad fuel rod in the same test condition, and the failure threshold energy was determined to be about 240cal/g·UO2 (–1,000 kJ/kg·UO2), which was about 20 cal/g·UO2 (–85 kJ/kg·UO2) lower than that of the Zircaloy clad fuel rod. It was also found that the mechanical energy was generated by explosive vaporization of coolant due to molten fuel-coolant interaction as a consequence of the fuel rod failure accompanying fuel pellet fragmentation at an energy deposition of nearly 380 cal/g·UO2 (–1,600 kJ/kg·UO2) or more. 相似文献
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用过氧化氢湿法氧化处理有机污物,研究了过氧化氢的投加量和投加方式,催化剂以及pH值等对反应的影响。结果表明,为提高H2O2的利用率,H2O2应以间歇式投加,选取Fe^2 作催化剂,体系pH值为1~2。为保证反应快速启动和平稳进行,反应时将催化剂总投加量的1/3提前与要分解氧化的物质混合一段时间,剩余2/3在反应进行中连续定量滴加,并于反应结束前半小时投加完毕。正交试验表明,分解2.00g界面污物的最佳实验条件为:pII-1.10mL30%H2O2溶液,10mL 0.1mol/L Fe^2 溶液。反应结束时,反应釜底部的白色残余物经红外分析和元素分析表明主要是磷酸盐。H2O2湿法氧化能够有效分解TBP/OK,HDBP/OK溶液和界面物。 相似文献