连续式蒸汽爆破对PBS/棉秆皮纤维复合材料拉伸性能的影响

采用连续式蒸汽爆破装置对含水量分别为20%、30%、40%及50%的棉秆皮纤维进行预处理,并制备预处理后棉秆皮纤维填充量分别为20%、30%、40%及50%的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/棉秆皮纤维复合材料标准拉伸样条。从外观形态、扫描电镜观察方面分析棉秆皮纤维含水量对其蒸汽爆破改性效果的影响;通过扫描电镜观察分析复合材料拉伸断面形貌,从拉伸强度、拉伸模量及断裂伸长率三方面研究了连续式蒸汽爆破对PBS/棉秆皮纤维复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,连续式蒸汽爆破预处理方法能有效改善棉秆皮纤维与PBS基体的界面黏结;爆破前纤维含水量及爆破后纤维填充量对PBS/棉秆皮纤维复合材料拉伸性能起决定性作用;综合考虑,当爆破前纤维含水量为40%、爆破后纤维填充量为40%时,PBS/棉秆皮纤维复合材料拉伸性能最佳。     

棉皮纤维增强LDPE复合材料的拉伸性能

采用蒸汽爆破装王对棉皮进行预处理,在高温高压水蒸汽的条件下改变棉皮内部结构,并制备LDPE/棉皮纤维复合材料标准拉伸样条.从外观形态、扫描电镜方面对蒸汽爆破改性后棉皮纤维进行分析,并研究了蒸汽爆破压力对LDPE/棉皮纤维复合材料拉伸性能的影响,结果表明:蒸汽爆破预处理方法能有效解决界面粘结问题,提高LDPE/棉皮纤维复合材料的拉伸性能,当压力为1.6 MPa时,所获得的拉伸强度最佳.     

PBS/蔗渣复合材料的制备与性能

用蒸汽爆破后的甘蔗渣纤维(BF)与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)制备复合材料,研究温度以及蒸汽爆破预处理对复合材料力学性能的影响,并通过红外光谱和电子扫描电镜分析其作用机理.结果表明:随着温度的升高,纤维的分散性、BF与PBS的界面粘结性能及复合材料力学性能提高,温度为200℃时复合材料的拉伸性能最佳,在温度为230℃时弯曲性能和冲击性能达到最佳;而蒸汽爆破预处理可提高纤维素的含量,增大纤维比表面积,使复合材料的力学性能得到改善.     

蒸汽爆破预处理对LDPE／棉皮纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

采用蒸汽爆破预处理过的棉皮作为增强纤维,通过模压成型制备LDPE/棉皮纤维复合材料,研究了爆破压力、棉皮纤维质量分数对LDPE/棉皮纤维复合材料力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,该复合材料的力学性能得到了改善,当压力为1.8 MPa、棉皮纤维质量分数为35%时,所获得的拉伸强度和弯曲强度为最佳.     

PBS/蒲草纤维复合材料的制备与性能

用蒸汽爆破后的蒲草纤维与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)制备复合材料,研究蒲草纤维的质量分数对复合材料力学性能、热学性能以及流变性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着蒲草纤维组分的增加,复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量有明显提高,而冲击强度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当蒲草纤维质量分数为5%时,冲击强度达到最大值5.49 k J/m2。热重分析结果表明蒲草纤维与PBS基体间存在互补作用使复合材料在高温条件下的热稳定性提高。DSC结果表明:随着蒲草纤维质量分数的增加,复合材料的结晶度和熔融温度都呈现增大趋势。平板流变结果表明:蒲草纤维降低了PBS分子的运动能力,增加了复合材料的黏度。     

聚乳酸/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯原位复合材料的研究

先通过熔融共混方法制备聚乳酸/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PLA/PBS)共混材料,然后将该共混材料加入微纳层叠共挤出设备中,通过该设备使PBS在PLA基体中原位成纤,制备PLA/PBS原位成纤复合材料;进一步对该原位成纤复合材料进行扫描电子显微镜、机械性能、差热量热分析等研究。结果表明,PBS在PLA基体中实现原位成纤,且PBS在低含量时也能够形成纤维,当PBS质量分数为10%时,PBS纤维的直径为1.16~1.52μm,随着PBS含量的增加,PBS纤维直径逐渐增大;PBS的加入提高了PLA的断裂伸长率,当PBS质量分数为30%时,PLA的断裂伸长率提高近300%,但降低了PLA的拉伸强度;PBS经原位成纤后,PBS的结晶度及熔融温度得到提高,PBS纤维能更好地为PLA提供一定的晶核,使得PLA的冷结晶温度降低。     

PE-HD/棉秆皮复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用蒸汽爆破对含水率分别为30 %、40 %、50 %的棉秆皮进行预处理,并与高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）复合制备PE-HD/棉秆皮复合材料,研究了蒸汽爆破、棉秆皮含量、棉秆皮含水率对PE-HD/棉秆皮复合材料力学性能和密度的影响。结果表明,与未经蒸汽爆破处理的PE-HD/棉秆皮复合材料相比,蒸汽爆破预处理后制备的PE-HD/棉秆皮复合材料的力学性能更好;当棉秆皮含量为30 %时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳;复合材料的拉伸强度随棉秆皮含水率的增加而提高;复合材料的弯曲强度在棉秆皮含水率为40 %时达到最大值。     

PLA/蔗渣复合材料的制备及其性能的研究

以蒸汽爆破后的甘蔗渣纤维(BF)和聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,采用模压的方法制备了PLA/BF复合材料,研究了温度以及蒸汽爆破预处理对复合材料力学性能的影响,并通过红外光谱和电子扫描电镜分析了其作用机理。结果表明,随着温度的升高,纤维的分散性变好,BF与PLA得界面黏结性能变好,复合材料的力学性能提高,温度为230℃时复合材料的力学性能最佳;而蒸汽爆破预处理可提高纤维素的含量,增大纤维的比表面积,使复合材料的力学性能得到改善。     

花生壳纤维增强PBS复合材料的制备及性能

将废弃花生壳纤维作为一种增强材料应用到可降解高分子材料聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）中，采用熔融共混法制备了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/花生壳纤维（PBS/F）复合材料，分析了复合材料的结晶性能、热性能及力学性能，并采用分子模拟对性能的改变进行了验证。结果表明：花生壳纤维的添加并没有改变PBS的晶型，但作为成核剂参与了PBS的结晶过程，促进了复合材料的结晶，缩短了复合材料的结晶时间。花生壳纤维含量为5%时其成核作用最强，使其作为“桥梁”镶嵌在复合材料中，结合分子间相互作用使得复合材料的热性能及力学性能较纯PBS有所增加。分子模拟结果表明了花生壳纤维与PBS形成了C=O…H-O，从而增强两者的界面结合。     

蒸汽爆破预处理PLA/剑麻复合材料的性能研究

对剑麻纤维(SF)进行蒸汽爆破预处理,并与可生物降解材料聚乳酸(PLA)经模压成型制备降解复合材料,研究了混炼温度、SF含量及蒸汽爆破预处理对复合材料力学性能的影响,并通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了其作用机理.结果表明,蒸汽爆破预处理可提高SF纤维素的含量,增大纤维的比表面积,使复合材料...     

Mechanical Properties of Poly(Butylene Succinate) Reinforced with Continuously Steam-Exploded Cotton Stalk Bast

Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) was reinforced by cotton stalk bast fibers (CSBF), which had been pretreated by the continuous steam explosion method. The influence of water content in CSBF during the explosion and fiber content on the mechanical properties of CSBF/PBS biocomposites was investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of CSBF decreased the tensile and impact strength, while significantly enhanced the flexural strength, flexural modulus and tensile modulus. The mechanical properties of biocomposites reinforced by exploded fibers were much better than that of the biocomposites reinforced by non-exploded fibers. Biocomposites reinforced by fibers with 40 and 50 wt% water contents during the explosion had the best mechanical properties. The morphology of CSBF and biocomposites was evaluated by SEM, which demonstrated that fibers with 40 and 50 wt% water contents had better separation and rougher microsurfaces, indicating a better adhesion between PBS matrix and fibers.     

Mechanical and thermal properties of poly(butylene succinate)/plant fiber biodegradable composite

Biodegradable polymeric composites were fabricated from poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and kenaf fiber (KF) by melt mixing technique. The mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, morphology and crystallization behavior were investigated for PBS/KF composites with different KF contents (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt %). The tensile modulus, storage modulus and the crystallization rate of PBS in the composites were all efficiently enhanced. With the incorporation of 30% KF, the tensile modulus and storage modulus (at 40°C) of the PBS/KF composite were increased by 53 and 154%, respectively, the crystallization temperature in cooling process at 10°C/min from the melt was increased from 76.3 to 87.7°C, and the half‐time of PBS/KF composite in isothermal crystallization at 96 and 100°C were reduced to 10.8% and 14.3% of that of the neat PBS, respectively. SEM analysis indicates that the adhesion between PBS and KF needs further improvement. These results signify that KF is efficient in improving the tensile modulus, storage modulus and the crystallization rate of PBS. Hence, this study provides a good option for preparing economical biodegradable composite. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Effect of surface-modified Al2O3 on the thermomechanical properties of polybutylene succinate/Al2O3 composites

This study investigates the effect of the incorporation of alumina particles on the thermomechanical properties of polybutylene succinate (PBS)/Al₂O₃ composites. The alumina surface was modified with the carboxylic groups of maleic acid through simple acid-base and in situ polymerization reactions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results revealed the introduction of maleic acid treated alumina significantly affect the morphology of the PBS/Al₂O₃ composites as compared to the neat PBS. The thermal conductivity of the composite (0.411?W?m^?1 K^?1) was more than twice that of neat PBS. The composite containing polymerization-modified alumina showed a 50% increase in storage modulus compared with that of neat PBS. In addition, universal testing machine (UTM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements indicated an increase in the tensile strength and degree of crystallinity after the incorporation of modified alumina in the PBS/Al₂O₃ composite.     

酸化凹凸棒石/海藻酸复合材料的制备及其缓释性能

以海藻酸钠 (SA) 和酸化凹凸棒石 (H⁺-ATP) 为原料,运用溶液共混法制备了一种具有优良缓释性能的复合材料,并以其为基质材料制备了双氯芬酸钠 (DS) 缓释片.利用SEM、FTIR和XRD对复合材料形貌和结构进行了表征,考察了酸改性剂浓度、H⁺-ATP用量和复合时间对复合材料缓释性能的影响,以获得最佳复合工艺.结果表明,当用12 mol·L^-1盐酸酸化的ATP量占复合物总量60%时,复合缓释片在体外模拟肠液中缓释性能最佳.与单一海藻酸缓释片相比,复合缓释片2 h的累积释放率由42.6%下降到23.7%,有效改善了"突释"效应.释放动力学研究表明,复合缓释片的释药行为可以用Ritger-Peppas方程很好地拟合,释药速率受骨架溶蚀和药物扩散双重控制.H⁺-ATP的加入显著改善了海藻酸的缓释性能.     

Preparation and properties of cotton stalk bark fibers using combined steam explosion and laccase treatment

Cotton stalk bark fibers (CSBF) were prepared using combined steam explosion and laccase treatment (explosion–laccase). CSBF have been applied to reinforce thermoplastic composites, but were difficult to be spun into yarns due to their inferior fineness and high stiffness. In order to improve the fineness and flexibility with a green method, explosion–laccase treatment was used to separate bark of cotton stalks. The results indicated that steam explosion at 1.7 MPa for 3 min effectively facilitated laccase penetration into the lignocellulose complex to enhance delignification without negative effects on activity of laccase. Compared with CSBF after explosion, CSBF after explosion–laccase had better fineness (31 dtex), higher aspect ratio (1110), higher tensile strength (2.81 cN/dtex), higher flexibility (321 twist/(m·dtex)), and better thermal stability, which meets the requirement of textile fibers. CSBF had higher water retention (127%) and moisture regain (10.3%) than cotton. Explosion–laccase is an effective and eco‐friendly method of preparing CSBF for textiles. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45058.     

PBS/黄连素抗菌高分子材料性能

将可降解高分子材料聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)和黄连素(Berberine)共混,制备了PBS/黄连素复合抗菌材料,并对其力学性能、结晶性能、亲水性能、热性能、抗菌性能及生物降解性能进行了分析。结果表明,当黄连素的添加比例为5%时,与纯PBS相比,复合材料的拉伸强度基本不变,结晶能力增大,疏水性增强,热稳定性增加。抗菌性能测试结果表明,随着黄连素含量不断增加,复合材料的抗菌能力逐渐提升。含有5%黄连素的复合材料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用均能达到91%以上。使用角质酶降解12 h后,含有5%黄连素的复合材料具有较高的降解率,接近95%,与纯PBS的降解率相差较小。因此,黄连素在提高材料抗菌性能的同时,不影响其降解性能。     

Fabrication and properties of degradable poly(amino acid)/nano hydroxyapatite bioactive composite

Poly(amino acid)/nano hydroxyapatite (PAA/n-HA) bioactive composite was prepared by in situ melting polymerization. The composition, structure and morphology as well as glass transition temperature (T_g), dynamic mechanical properties of the PAA/n-HA composite were characterized by infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, and dynamic mechanical analyzer. The results indicated that the n-HA particles were uniformly distributed into PAA matrix and some interactions were found at the interface between PAA and n-HA, and the crystallinity of PAA in the composite decreased with the increase of n-HA content. The T_g and storage modulus of the composite increased with increasing n-HA content, demonstrating that the n-HA content had obvious effects on the crystallization kinetic parameters and thermo properties of the PAA/n-HA composite. In addition, the n-HA amount had evident effects on the degradation of the PAA/n-HA composite in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and the weight loss ratio of the composite decreased with the increase with n-HA content. The pH value of the medium was stable around 7.40 after the composite immersion into PBS for 8 weeks. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Novel Biodegradable Polylactide/Poly(butylene succinate) Composites via Cross-Linking with Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate

A novel polylactide/poly(butylene succinate) composite via cross-linking with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate was used. The methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) was to couple with end hydroxyl of polylactide and poly(butylene succinate) by a torque rheometer and the samples were compression molded into plate successfully. A series of composites was studied with various amounts of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) from 0 to 40 wt%. Tensile test results demonstrated that the elongation at break of the MDI-based PLA/PBS composites increased greatly compared with PLA/PBS, PLA and PBS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests indicated the MDI-based composite showed a new urethane bond among different components. Melting Flow Rate (MFR) in PLA/PBS composites decreased with increasing PBS content.     

Mechanical properties and biodegradability of green composites based on biodegradable polyesters and lyocell fabric

Green composites composed of regenerated cellulose (lyocell) fabric and biodegradable polyesters [poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvarelate) (PHBV), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and poly(lactic acid) (PLA)] were prepared by compression‐molding method. The tensile moduli and strength of all the biodegradable polyester/lyocell composites increased with increasing fiber content. When the obtained PLA/lyocell composites were annealed at 100°C for 3 h, the tensile strength and moduli were lowered despite the increase of degree of crystallization of the PLA component. The SEM observation of the composites revealed that the surface of the annealed composite has many cracks caused by the shrinkage of the PLA adhered to lyocell fabric. Multilayered PLA/lyocell laminate composites showed considerably higher Izod impact strength than PLA. As a result of the soil viral test, although the order of higher weight loss for the single substance was lyocell > PHBV > PBS > PLA, the biodegradability of the green composites did not reflect the order of a single substance because of the structural defect of the composite. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3857–3863, 2004     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/纤维素纳米晶复合纤维增强机制

采用熔融纺丝法制备了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/纤维素纳米晶(CNC)复合纤维,重点研究了CNC的分散性、PBS与CNC间氢键作用、PBS分子取向、CNC沿轴向排布以及PBS相结晶度对复合纤维强度的影响。通过光学显微镜和场发射扫描电镜观察发现:高牵伸倍率下的复合纤维较低牵伸倍率下的复合纤维侧面更加平整、光滑,且高牵伸倍率下CNC列。红外光谱图证实了PBS与CNC用力。此外,在提高牵伸倍率时,PBS复合纤维结晶度增大,并且其声速值也明显提高。多因素协同导致PBS/CNC(质量比99/1)复合纤维经4倍牵伸后断裂强度达3.59 cN/dtex,远高于相同处理条件下的纯PBS纤维。