高炉冷却板热负荷监测系统开发

介绍了安装在２高炉上的冷却板热负荷监测系统的原理、系统构成（工控计算机、ＰＡＲＡＧＯＮ组态软件，检测传感器）以及系统具有的功能，如连续检测冷却板水流量，水温差、热流密度，并可打印报表，显示图形。系统具有运行可靠，抗干扰性强的特点。     

Reuse of Fruit Waste as Biopolymeric Flocculant and Optimizing Turbidity Reduction: Comparison Study with Industrial Flocculant

The performance of two flocculants on turbidity reduction was studied. The two flocculants were: a biopolymeric flocculant which was extracted from fruit waste and a commercial industrial flocculant. The effect of the flocculants’ average molecular weight on turbidity treatment, the treatment efficiency of both flocculants and the flocculants’ degradability were investigated. Response surface methodology was carried out using Box Behnken design to find the optimal pH, cation concentration, and flocculant dosage to maximize the turbidity reduction. The results showed that the maximum turbidity reduction by industrial flocculant occurs between pH 7.5 and pH 8.2, cation concentration between 0.02 and 0.06 mM, and industrial flocculant dosage between 6.5 and 8.0 mg/L. While with biopolymeric flocculant, maximum turbidity reduction occurred between pH 4.6 and pH 7.5, cation concentration between 0.60 and 0.95 mM, and biopolymeric flocculant dosage between 4 and 6 mg/L.     

Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design

The SADREG decision support system was developed to help decision makers in the process of design and selection of farm surface irrigation systems to respond to requirements of modernization of surface irrigation—furrow, basin, and border irrigation. It includes a database, simulation models, user-friendly interfaces, and multicriteria analysis models. SADREG is comprised of two components: design and selection. The first component applies database information, and through several simulation and computational tools, produces a set of design alternatives in agreement with the user options. These alternatives are characterized by several hydraulic, economic, and environmental indicators that allow appropriate selection and ranking. The selection component bases upon multicriteria analysis using composite programming and ELECTRE II ranking models, which support the decision maker to select the best alternative. The decision maker participates in all decision processes through a user-friendly interface that allows expressing design options and priorities. SADREG was tested with data collected from field experiments. In addition to describing the modeling approach, an application to a sector of the Lower Mondego Irrigation Project, Portugal, is presented.     

Physical Model Study of an Alternating Diffuser for Thermal Discharge

Physical model tests were conducted of the mixing of heated water from a proposed thermal diffuser. Dilutions were measured and flows imaged by a three-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence system that provides vastly more data than conventional thermocouple techniques. The flows were quite three-dimensional. For zero current speed, the effluent mixed over the water depth, but only in a limited region, and a two-layer stratified flow developed toward the edges of the effluent field and farther downstream. For zero and slow currents, the lowest surface dilution occurred where the jet centerline intersected the water surface and could be reasonably predicted by simple free-jet calculations. The prediction of an entrainment model, UM3, was close to the observed results because the flow is three-dimensional and the entraining water can be supplied from the ends. CORMIX considerably underestimated the observed dilution because it uses a two-dimensional analysis and neglects the effect of source momentum flux. Two-dimensional analyses and sectional physical models of diffusers with finite lengths should be used with caution until their limitations are better known.