组合工艺处理扎染废水的研究

采用水解调节池-厌氧折流反应池-组合好氧装置-垂直流人工湿地工艺处理扎染废水.厌氧折流反应池、好氧装置的设计容积负荷分别为0.5 kgCOD_(Cr)/(m~3·d)和0.3 kgCOD_(Cr)/(m~3·d),人工湿地水力负荷为0.35 m~3/(m~2·d).运行结果显示,系统运行稳定,污染物去除效果明显,COD_(Cr)、NH_3-N、TN和色度平均去除率分别为77%、85%、70%和89%,出水水质达到GB 18918-2002-级B标准.生化反应段对COD_(Cr)和色度的去除贡献率较大,而人工湿地对氮的去除较为明显,对COD_(Cr)去除贡献率相对较小.     

浮动盖式ASBR处理啤酒废水的中试研究

采用恒压浮动盖式ASBR处理啤酒废水的研究表明,在中温35 ℃、容积负荷为1.5～7 kgCOD_(Cr)/(m~3·d)、HRT为1 d的条件下,COD_(Cr)去除率高于80%,平均沼气产率为410 L/kg COD_(Cr),气体中甲烷含量为50%～70%.ASBR运行2个月后污泥实现颗粒化,成熟颗粒污泥的直径为1.5 mm,VSS/SS高达91%.试验期间甲酸的最大比产甲烷活性(SMA)达1.2 gCOD_(Cr)-CH_4/(gVSS·d),8 h后温度骤然升高至65 ℃,污泥变得松散,活性降低,但温度恢复正常后经过50天运行活性可完全恢复.     

ABR-UBF-CASS工艺处理肌苷制药废水

肌苷制药废水属于高浓度有机废水,采用ABR-UBF-CASS工艺对其进行处理,运行结果表明:在进水CODCr为2 300～6 400 mg/L的情况下,缓慢增加ABR、UBF和CASS反应器容积负荷,运行三个月,出水CODCr在300 mg/L以下,达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)二级标准.     

生产规模UASB反应器处理柠檬酸废水启动试验研究

本文论述了容积为786.4m~3的生产性UASB反应器中温条件下处理柠檬酸废水的启动过程.当反应器稳定运行时,容积负荷为7.5～10kgCOD/(m~3·d),水力停留时间为38～49h,COD平均去除率达85%,出水COD≤2500mg/L.采用农村沼气池厌氧污泥和好氧活性污泥作为种泥(接种量均为6kgVSS/m~3)均可培养出颗粒污泥,并可实现快速启动.     

A /O泳动床反应器脱氮性能研究

基于A/O工艺与泳动床工艺技术的联合,开发出A/O泳动床生物膜反应器.A/O泳动床系统表现出高效去除COD_(Cr)、NH_3-N和TN以及较好的抗负荷冲击能力.在HRT=12.5 h,回流比为300%,进水COD_(Cr)、NH_3-N平均浓度分别为343.4 mg/L、94.1 mg/L时,COD_(Cr)和NH3-N平均去除率分别为84.6%, 86.8%;COD_(Cr)的容积负荷与去除负荷现良好的线性关系,R~2=0.970 4;系统在较低的C/N下,TN平均去除率为70.8%.     

人工强化河道治理技术中滤料种类对污染物去除效果的研究

研究火山岩滤料和普通砾石滤料净化受污染河水的能力。试验结果表明,在好氧条件下,两种滤料对COD_(Cr)的去除没有显著区别,在厌氧条件下,砾石滤池的出水COD_(Cr)高于火山岩滤池。若维持系统出水COD_(Cr)在50 mg/L左右,两种滤池最高COD_(Cr)容积负荷可达1.6 kgCOD_(Cr)/(m~3·d)。当两种滤池的COD_(Cr)容积负荷均低于0.8 kgCOD_(Cr)/(m~3·d),且反应器的好氧区长度与厌氧区长度比大于1:8时,系统氨氮的去除效率会明显提高。     

UBF厌氧反应器处理味精浓废水的研究

本文对新型厌氧反应器(UBF)处理味精浓废水进行研究,结果表明:25℃条件下,UBF最佳有机容积负荷率为5.46kgCOD/(m~3·d),COD_(Cr)去除率为91.4％,产气率为0.59m~3/去除kgCOD_(Cr),CH_4含量为57.5％。35℃条件下,UBF最佳运行负荷率为9.45kgCOD_(Cr)/(m~3·d),COD_(Cr)去除率为87％,产气率为0.52m~3/去除kgCOD_(Cr)。两者出水pH均在7.5左右,达到了国家排放标准。     

基于酒精废水的生产性UBF反应器启动研究

以某酒精厂的酒精废水处理工程为对象,深入研究厌氧复合床(UBF)反应器的生产性启动规律,单体UBF反应器有效容积为500 m3,污泥接种量为4 kg/m3。依据进料有机负荷模型、容积负荷模型及启动中微生物的生长特性,通过模型计算,提出了UBF反应器启动运行的进料方案,并确定适合酒精废水的模型参数。共历时5个月,处理酒精废水的UBF反应器成功启动,达到设计负荷,并形成具有一定机械强度、沉淀性能良好的污泥。     

SBBR法处理发泡剂ADC废水的试验研究

研究采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)工艺处理高浓度氨氮废水-ADC发泡剂的处理效果.对试验装置、工艺进行了详细的介绍.试验表明,在温度28℃,pH值为7.4～7.8,C/N为5,氨氮容积负荷约为0.196 kg NH3-N/(m3·d)时,氨氮污泥负荷约为0.049 kgNH3-N/(kgMLSS·d),此时,NH3-N去除率达到92.75%,COD的去除率达95.4℅.     

畜禽养殖废水处理方法探讨

通过实验室模拟试验 ,探讨了混凝 脱氨 好氧生化处理养猪场废水的工艺。经石灰乳混凝沉淀 ,可去除废水中的大部分胶体物质和悬浮物 ,同时可去除一部分难降解物质 ;经脱氨使废水中氨氮低于 2 0 0mg/L ,有利于后续生化的顺利进行。当生化池活性污泥浓度在 350 0～ 4 50 0mg/L之间 ,CODCr容积负荷 <3 0kg/ (m3·d) ,NH3-N容积负荷 <0 2 2kg/ (m3·d)时 ,生化出水能够达到上海市提出的畜牧业排放标准 (CODCr≤ 4 0 0mg/L ,NH3-N≤ 10 0mg/L)。     

微电解-Fenton法处理2—3酸生产废水的研究

采用微电解 Fenton法进行了2—3酸生产废水(CODCr的质量浓度为3000～4000mg/L,色度为32～64倍)处理的试验研究,分别对微电解反应和Fenton反应的条件、影响、结果逐一进行讨论,得出结论:微电解反应出水经过4～5h的Fenton反应和碱性条件下15～20min的混凝沉淀后,废水中CODCr质量浓度为120～140mg/L,CODCr去除率达95%以上。     

混凝沉淀—IC工艺预处理高浓度OE生产废水

脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯(OE)生产过程中产生高浓度有机废水,用混凝沉淀—IC反应器预处理高浓度OE生产废水,当进水CODCr为6 000～9 000 mg/L、SS为800～1 500 mg/L时,出水平均CODCr、SS分别为780 mg/L、200 mg/L,CODCr、SS的平均去除率达到90%和85%,出水水质达到厂方的预处理要求,为后续主体工艺处理提供保障。     

黄姜废水处理实践与分析

基于黄姜废水处理工程运行实际,着重分析了pH值、温度、COD及容积负荷等因素对UASB反应器启动的影响。该工程利用预处理＋厌氧＋好氧＋混凝、脱色组合工艺处理黄姜废水,在进水COD和色度分别达12000mg/L和600倍的情况下,出水COD和色度分别为110mg/L和50倍,COD去除率达99%。废水经处理后出水水质符合《皂素工业水污染排放标准》（GB20425-2006）。     

铁铜微电解工艺处理碱渣废水的试验研究

碱渣废水水量少、污染负荷高,是炼油行业高浓度、难降解有机废水.研究了铁铜微电解工艺对碱渣废水处理效果,结果表明:当初始pH为5,曝气时间为8 h,填料填充率为35%时,微电解工艺对COD_(Cr)和色度的去除效率分别达到60%和91%,出水BOD/COD提高至0.44,从而满足后续生化处理的水质需求.GC-MS图谱表明:废水中有机物在微电解工艺中得到有效削减.微电解工艺处理碱渣可行性高,出水水质得到有效改善,降低了炼油厂排放的污染物负荷.     

Biological aerated filtration of municipal wastewater using a low-cost filtration media.

The main objective of this research was to demonstrate that selected natural lava stones can be successfully used for low-cost aerobic biofiltration of municipal wastewater. To demonstrate the procedure a pilot filter was built using 6 mm lava stones as support material. The filter depth was 3.0 m. Provided with sampling ports at different depths analysis of the wastewater could be made for COD, TSS, ammonia and nitrates nitrogen, pH, temperature and Kjeldahl nitrogen. Backwashing was performed every 72 hours. Total and dissolved COD and TSS behaved similarly with the organic load: The highest removal rates were observed with the lowest organic load of 0.8 kgCOD/m3 d. These removal rates decreased to a minimum value at organic loading rates of 1.5 kgCOD/m3 d and then remained without noticeable changes to the highest value of 3.5 kgCOD/m3 d. The highest total and dissolved COD removal values were 81 and 84%, respectively. For TSS the best removal value was 95%. Up to 75% ammonia removal was achieved at the lowest organic load of 0.8 kgCOD/m3 d. Ammonia removal decreased to 36% with a higher organic load of 1.6 kgCOD/m3 d. The Mean Cellular Retention (MCRT) time varied from 1 to 6 days with an average of 3.2 days. This fact proves that the MCRT depends on the backwashing frequency more than of any other factor involved. The bed volume decreased in about 5% after 300 days of operation. Microscopic observations showed that the small stones were rounder after 300 days and that the volume losses were caused when the edges of the stones were cut by the abrasion caused by backwashing.     

不同条件对高效菌去除污水中氨氮效果影响研究

本文研究了pH值、温度、曝气时间、茵投入量（体积比）、溶解氧、水力停留时间、进水碳氮比、冲击负荷等影响因素对氨氮去除率的影响,对项目参数进行了优化。研究结果如下：在高效菌处理氨氮废水时,为了得到较好的去除效果,pH值应控制在7．0到8．O之间;温度应控制在25℃到35℃之间;曝气时间应保持在5h到6h之间;茵投入量（体积比）应保持在0．004到0．006之间;溶解氧浓度应保持在2mg／L到3mg／L之间：水力停留时间为16h．高效茵对污水中氨氮的去除效果最佳。     

特定污泥对铬(Ⅵ)的吸附容量研究

接种了高效菌种A、B的驯化污泥在前期的生物滤床系统中体现了良好的铬(Ⅵ)去除效率,为了解决系统放大后污泥再生与使用周期等问题,对污泥的铬(Ⅵ)吸附容量进行了测定,测定项目包括一次连续吸附总量、营养添加前后吸附容量的变化等。以铬(Ⅵ)质量浓度为100mg/L的废水进行实验,得到该污泥吸附最佳时间为40min,此时污泥对铬的吸附能力为污泥自身干重的14 94%。一次连续吸附总量为27～28mg/g干污泥。营养液的加入使得污泥吸附能力提高了29 68%。     

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment of supernatant of cow manure by thermal pre-treatment.

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) methane fermentation treatment of cow manure that was subjected to screw pressing, thermal treatment and subsequent solid-liquid separation was studied. Conducting batch scale tests at temperatures between 140 and 180 degrees C, the optimal temperature for sludge settling and the color suppression was found to be between 160-170 degrees C. UASB treatment was carried out with a supernatant obtained from the thermal treatment at the optimal conditions (170 degrees C for 30 minutes) and polymer-dosed solid-liquid separation. In the UASB treatment with a COD(Cr) loading of 11.7 kg/m3/d and water temperature of 32.2 degrees C, the COD(Cr) level dropped from 16,360 mg/L in raw water to 3,940 mg/L in treated water (COD(Cr), removal rate of 75.9%), and the methane production rate per COD(Cr) was 0.187 Nm3/kg. Using wastewater thermal-treated at the optimal conditions, also a methane fermentation treatment with a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was conducted (COD(Cr) in raw water: 38,000 mg/L, hydraulic retention time (HRT): 20 days, 35 degrees C). At the COD(Cr) loading of 1.9 kg/m3/d, the methane production rate per COD(Cr), was 0.153 Nm3/kg. This result shows that UASB treatment using thermal pre-treatment provides a COD(Cr), loading of four times or more and a methane production rate of 1.3 times higher than the CSTR treatment.     

Development and testing of bioelectrochemical reactors converting wastewater organics into hydrogen peroxide

In a bioelectrochemical system, the energy content in dissolved organic matter can be used to power the production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), which is a potentially useful chemical at wastewater treatment plants. H(2)O(2) can be produced by the cathodic reduction of oxygen. We investigated four types of gas-diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for this purpose. A GDE made of carbon nanoparticles bound with 30% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (wt./wt.C) to a carbon fiber paper performed best and catalyzed H(2)O(2) production from oxygen in air with a coulombic efficiency of 95.1%. We coupled the GDE to biological anodes in two bioelectrochemical reactors. When the anodes were fed with synthetic wastewater containing acetate they generated a current of up to ～0.4 mA/mL total anode compartment volume. H(2)O(2) concentrations of ～0.2 and ～0.5% could be produced in 5 mL catholyte in 9 and 21 h, respectively. When the anodes were fed with real wastewater, the generated current was ～0.1 mA/mL and only 84 mg/L of H(2)O(2) was produced.     

周公宅山区性水库流域污染物空间分析与治理

以周公宅水库流域污染源的调查数据为依据,运用排污系数法和GIS的空间分区统计法,引入负荷污染密度概念,研究了流域污染量及其构成、负荷空间分布和污染治理措施。结果表明,农业面源和生活污染源为流域主要污染源,主要沿周公宅水库环形分布。流域CODCr入河量为599.5 t/a,氨氮为18.6 t/a,总氮为91.9 t/a,总磷为3.2 t/a。水库流域内CODCr、氨氮、总氮、总磷污染负荷污染密度分布比较相似。CODCr污染密度主要集中在5.282～4.287 t/km2,氨氮在0.190～0.121 t/km2,总氮在0.830～0.380 t/km2,总磷在0.038～0.014 t/km2。