金矿地下开采生产过程安全预警系统研究

安全预警系统通过监测监控金矿地下开采的运行状态,发现潜在的危险,预防和减少事故的发生。文中针对金矿地下开采生产和运行特点,阐述了安全预警系统的原理,构建了安全预警三维模型,分析了安全预警系统可实现的功能,以及实现路径和运行流程,为构建实用性强的金矿地下开采生产过程安全预警系统提供了参考。     

基于动力学监测指标的崩塌早期预警研究进展

崩塌灾害的早期预警一直是岩土工程领域研究的热点问题之一.传统的监测预警方法监测指标相对单一, 更多关注于加速破坏前兆的识别, 使得崩塌的早期预警存在诸多困难.本文首先引入动力学监测指标, 对岩土体破坏过程中的动力响应进行综述, 得出基于固有振动频率等动力学监测指标可以为危岩体的损伤提供数据支持.随后基于最新的实验研究发现动力学监测指标可以有效反应边坡的物理力学特征的变化, 进而可以实现岩体损伤与稳定性的动态识别和定量判断.在对国内外现状进行综述发现, 基于分离阶段破坏前兆识别的岩块体崩塌灾害预警思路, 具有更好的时效性, 是未来崩塌早期预警的发展方向, 同时对崩塌的早期预警指标体系进行展望, 得出基于动力学指标、静力学指标和环境量指标三位一体的早期监测预警指标体系, 必将在工程监测与灾害预警方面发挥更大潜力, 为从事应对崩塌等脆性破坏灾害预警预防的研究工作者提供有效参考.      

What every psychologist should know about the Food and Drug Administration’s black box warning label for antidepressants.

In 2004, the Food and Drug Administration released a black box warning label for all antidepressants, indicating an increased risk for suicidality in children and adolescents. The label was subsequently updated in 2007 to include those up to 24 years of age. Data have since emerged to indicate changes in clinical practice patterns of nonspecialists (i.e., nonpsychiatrists) prescribing medications. Among the changes reported in practice patterns are an increased likelihood of referral and a decreased willingness to prescribe antidepressants. Findings also indicate marked reductions in ambulatory visits for depression among children and adolescents, lower rates of diagnosis of depression in this age group, a spillover effect to adults, inaccurate understanding of the actual risk communicated on the warning label (on the part of primary care practitioners), and increased suicide rates among children and adolescents. Recent findings have important implications for practicing psychologists, and specific recommendations are offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

警报传播过程建模及影响因素

为了研究警报在社会关系网络环境中的传播特征及影响因素,基于多主体建模软件Repast仿真平台,以复杂系统和复杂网络理论为指导,在ER随机网络和WS小世界网络模型的基础上建立了警报的传播模型.对社会关系网络结构和信息源节点规则进行不同设置,通过对模拟结果的研究发现具有高聚类系数的网络结构和信息源选择高连接度的节点时,警报通知的传播效率明显提高.      

Forbidden fruit versus tainted fruit: Effects of warning labels on attraction to television violence.

Under growing public and government pressure, the television networks have adopted warning labels for violent programs. Tainted fruit theory posits that warning labels will decrease interest in violent programs, whereas forbidden fruit theory posits that warning labels will increase interest in violent programs. In Experiment 1, it was found that warning labels increased interest in violent programs, especially when the label source was authoritative. In Experiment 2, it was found that high-reactance individuals were especially interested in viewing violent programs with warning labels. In Experiment 3, it was found that warning labels increased interest in violent programs more than did information labels. These results are consistent with forbidden fruit theory. Those who are interested in reducing viewership of violent media might use these results as a caution against assuming that warning labels decrease viewership when warning labels may in fact increase viewership. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于黏滑失稳与突变理论的煤与瓦斯突出预警模型

在矿井瓦斯地质研究基础上,根据煤与瓦斯突出黏滑机理和突变理论,建立了煤与瓦斯突出黏滑失稳-突变理论预警模型.以瓦斯因素和地质因素为煤与瓦斯突出预警的控制变量,将其归类分化为相应的预警指标,提出了突出危险等级划分指标的界限,利用模糊数学推导出突变模糊隶属度函数,选择对应突变模型计算出突出警情的突变级数.以潞安环能股份有限公司余吾煤业为例对煤与瓦斯突出黏滑失稳-突变预警模型的可行性进行了验证.      

Veterinary surgeons and the medicines (Labelling) Amendment Regulations 1977

Further changes to the medicine labelling regulations have important implications for practising veterinary surgeons. They amend the regulations made recently by specifying warning labels and other special labelling requirements for certain types of veterinary medical products.     

监测预警技术在泥石流灾害中的应用

我国幅员辽阔,地质环境多变,灾害分布范围广,常年受到地质灾害侵袭,给灾害多发区居民的生命财产安全带来极大危害,泥石流灾害的防治工作至关重要,研发泥石流灾害预警系统成为重中之重.针对目前泥石流灾害数据获取困难、数据量不足且预警准确率不高的问题,设计了用于泥石流影响因子数据采集和灾害预警的泥石流灾害监测预警系统.在系统中引...     

Hemispheric priming by meaningful and nonmeaningful symbols in language-trained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Further evidence of a left hemisphere advantage.

Hemispheric priming was examined in 3 language-trained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) using a simple reaction time (RT) paradigm. Ss were required to hold down a response button until the occurrence of a response cue. A warning stimulus was presented to either the left visual field or the right visual field (RVF) before the response cue occurred. No warning stimulus was presented on control trials. The warning stimuli were geometric communicative symbols from 2 semantic categories: food and tools. A 3rd set of warning stimuli were familiar geometric symbols. Dependent measures included RT and the number of false-positive responses. RT data indicated an RVF advantage in priming when the warning stimuli were food or tool symbols. No significant visual half-field differences were found for familiar symbols, but a trend toward an RVF advantage was observed. These effects were enhanced when Ss responded with their left hand. False-positive data also indicated an RVF advantage for the food and tool warning stimuli. The data indicate that hemispheric asymmetries for processing communicative symbols are present in language-trained chimpanzees. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

企业财务风险预警系统的设计与实施

指出财务风险预警管理越来越成为企业财务管理的核心问题，论述了企业建立和完善财务风险预警的系统的必要性，并探讨了企业财务风险预警的设计与实施的一般性问题。     

Warning and persuasion.

Reviewed studies dealing with the effects on audience opinions of (1) advance information about the topics and the direction of argument of forthcoming communications (warning), and (2) instructions that describe the experiment as a study of opinion change (persuasion context). Conclusions include: (1) warning and persuasion context are not separate manipulations; (2) their effects on postcommunication opinion change are not clear; and (3) warning and persuasion context probably cause precommunication opinion change. It is suggested that neither warning nor persuasion context, by themselves, are crucial variables in postcommunication opinion change. In some instances persuasion may begin prior to actual exposure to persuasive communications. (32 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Quick Seismic Response Estimation of Prestressed Concrete Bridges Using Artificial Neural Networks

Seismic early warning has been very important and has become feasible in Taiwan. Perhaps because of the lack of quick and reliable estimations of the induced structural response, however, the triggering criteria of almost all of the existing earthquake protection or early warning systems in the world are merely based on the collected or estimated data of the ground motion, without any information regarding the structural response. This paper presents a methodology of generating quick seismic response estimations of a prestressed concrete (PC) bridge using artificial neural networks (ANNs), which may be incorporated in a seismic early warning system for the bridge. In the methodology ANNs were applied to model the critical structural response of a PC bridge subjected to earthquake excitation of various magnitudes along various directions. The objective was to implement a well-trained network that is capable of providing a quick prediction for the critical response of the target bridge. The well-known multilayer perception (MLP) networks with back propagation algorithm were employed. A simple augmented form of MLP that can be quantitatively determined was proposed. These networks were trained and tested based on the analytical data obtained from the nonlinear dynamic finite fiber element analyses of the target PC bridge. The augmented MLPs were found to be much more efficient than the MLPs in modeling the critical bending moments of the piers and girder of the PC bridge.     

Do Warnings of Response Verification Moderate the Relationship Between Personality and Cognitive Ability?

This article presents the results of 2 studies that examine the effect of presenting a warning of response verification by others on the relationship between measures of personality and cognitive ability. In both a field study and a laboratory study, stronger correlations were generally found between measures of personality and cognitive ability when a warning of verification was present. The results from the studies also showed that the warning of verification was associated with slower item response latencies for certain personality scales, suggesting that exposure to the warning increased the complexity of the response decision. Results are discussed in terms of the effects of altering test instructions on the construct validity of personality measures used in applied settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A choice-based method to compare alternative alcohol warning labels

Alternative alcohol warning labels were studied with a method used in magical-thinking research. In two studies (N = 111, N = 75), subjects completed a questionnaire. A "poison," "toxic" or "causes cancer" label on a beer can was shown to have substantial effects on self-reported choice behavior. In contrast, the alcohol warning label now mandated to appear on alcohol containers did not have nearly as powerful an effect. Explanations for the lack of strong effects of the mandated warning label center around label length, type of warning and salience of the warning. The methodology described in this article appears to test gut-level or conditioned responses to labels, which may be a valuable technique for evaluating warning labels.     

黄土坡铜锌矿微震监测技术应用与灾害预警方法研究

黄土坡铜锌矿位于新疆哈密地区,采用地下开采方式开采矿石,该矿山附近存在另外一家矿山企业,2个矿山同时产生的开采扰动使得该矿山面临着复杂的地压环境。为了对黄土坡铜锌矿井下多处采空区附近的地压灾害进行预警,引进微震监测系统,对采空区周边及生产作业区域围岩稳定性进行实时监测。采用优化的台网布设方案改善微震监测系统的性能,并在微震信号自动识别技术的基础上,对地压活动进行实时分析,保证分析结果的时效性。基于微震监测多参数分析方法,结合一次现场真实地压险情提出了一套微震监测地压灾害预警分析方法,该方法能够实现地压提前预警,给矿山人员提供了逃生时间,在地下开采矿山地压监测中具有推广意义。     

The relative aversiveness of warning signal and shock in an avoidance situation.

"An avoidance situation was arranged in which the animals could either (a) postpone the shock and prolong the warning signal or (b) take the shock and terminate the warning signal." A low rate of avoidance responding was observed in the presence of the warning signal and a high rate in its absence. "The animals behaved in such a way as to terminate the stimulus as quickly as possible, even though a shock accompanied each stimulus termination. When the signal duration was made independent of the animal's behavior, the rate of avoidance responding in the stimulus increased." Avoidance contingencies in the presence and absence of the warning stimulus are suggested as important determiners of the relative aversiveness of stimulus and shock. 18 references. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

复杂环境下一种基于SiamMask的时空预测移动目标跟踪算法

随着无人工厂、智能安监等技术在制造业领域的深入应用,以视觉识别预警系统为代表的复杂环境下动态识别技术成为智能工业领域的重要研究内容之一。在本文所述的工业级视觉识别预警系统中,操作人员头发区域由于其具有移动形态非规则性、运动无规律性的特点,在动态图像中的实时分割较为困难。针对此问题,提出一种基于SiamMask模型的时空预测移动目标跟踪算法。该算法将基于PyTorch深度学习框架的SiamMask单目标跟踪算法与ROI检测及STC时空上下文预测算法相融合,根据目标时空关系的在线学习,预测新的目标位置并对SiamMask模型进行算法校正,实现视频序列中的目标快速识别。实验结果表明,所提出的算法能够克服环境干扰、目标遮挡对跟踪效果的影响,将目标跟踪误识别率降低至0.156%。该算法计算时间成本为每秒30帧,比改进前的SiamMask模型帧率每秒提高3.2帧,算法效率提高11.94%。该算法达到视觉识别预警系统准确性、实时性的要求,对移动目标识别算法模型的复杂环境应用具有借鉴意义。      

Reaction time in normal and defective subjects following varied warning conditions.

As a test of a stimulus-trace theory of behavioral inadequacy, normal and mentally defective Ss performed on a simple reaction-time task with warning intervals of 2, 4, 8, 12 sec. The warning stimulus was a light which for ? of the Ss in each group was on for 1.5 sec. at the beginning of the warning interval. For the other Ss the warning signal was on throughout the warning interval. The signal to respond was a buzzer. The normal Ss performance did not differ for the 2 warning conditions but there were marked differences between the defective groups. A 2nd experiment using only defective Ss provided a control for a possible task artifact. The results were interpreted as suggesting a deficiency in short-term memory in defective Ss. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于声发射特征提取和机器学习的煤破坏状态预测

同步采集了煤样单轴压缩破坏过程的声发射全波形数据和应力数据,提取了声发射梅尔倒谱系数作为样本特征,定义煤样当前受力与其峰值载荷的比值为煤样的应力状态并将其作为样本标签,利用机器学习方法构建了煤样破坏状态的预测模型。结果表明:梅尔倒谱系数可以很好地表征煤样的破坏状态,该参量在煤样达到受力峰值80%后表现出明显突增或突降或先增加然后突降的规律,机器学习能够利用该样本特征建立煤样破坏状态预测模型进而预测煤样的危险状态,利用五折交叉验证方法评价模型的预测准确度达到88.61%,模型预测效果和稳定性良好;进一步讨论了不同重要度的梅尔倒谱系数组合作为样本特征对于模型预测效果的影响,发现样本特征中含有重要度高的特征和关键特征是模型预测准确度高的关键。这可为进一步完善煤岩动力灾害预测预警提供借鉴。      

企业预警的适用性分析

企业选择合适的企业预警模式需要结合企业规模、企业偏好、企业对不确定性的敏感性、企业所处的生命周期阶段等进行综合分析,然后选择适合企业的企业预警模式。