Zn含量对Mg-Mn-Zn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

通过添加少量的Zn元素制备了(%,质量分数)Mg-2.0Mn-x Zn(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0)合金。对合金进行挤压变形,并利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)等手段,研究了少量的Zn元素对Mg-Mn合金组织及力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,Mg-2.0Mn-x Zn合金的铸态及挤压态组织中主要含有的第二相为颗粒状的α-Mn相,Zn元素均匀固溶于Mg基体中。少量添加的Zn元素可以显著细化铸态Mg-Mn-Zn镁合金的晶粒尺寸。随着Zn含量增加,挤压态合金中动态再结晶区域增加,混晶组织呈减少趋势。少量添加Zn元素对挤压态Mg-2.0Mn合金的强度及塑性都有明显的改善作用,尤其是合金的屈服强度最高增加42%,延伸率增加57%。随着Zn添加量增加,合金强度的增加趋势减弱。SEM观察显示挤压态Mg-2.0Mn-x Zn合金拉伸试样的断口形貌以韧窝及解理台阶为主,呈现韧性断裂与准解理断裂的混合断口形貌。     

稀土元素Sm对Mg-Zn-Y合金组织结构和力学性能的影响

制备了Mg-6Zn-1.5Y-0.8Zr-xSm(x=0,1,2,3)系列合金,研究了稀土元素Sm对Mg-6Zn-1.5Y-0.8Zr合金组织结构和力学性能的影响.通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、EDS、XRD等观察和分析了合金的微观形貌和组织结构,测量了合金抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率等力学性能.结果表明:合金中添加稀土元素Sm后晶粒有了明显的细化,随着Sm元素含量的增加,晶粒细化效果更为明显;通过XRD分析,添加Sm元素后,合金中并没有出现新的含Sm的物相,通过扫描电镜和EDS分析表明,合金中加入的Sm置换了部分Y,形成了Mg3( SmY)2 Zn3,Mg3( SmY) Zn6的相结构,Sm元素对Y的置换主要出现在Mg3( SmY) Zn6结构当中,在Mg3 (SmY) Zn6相结构出现较少;力学性能测试结果表明,随着Sm含量增多,合金晶粒细化,细晶强化作用明显,合金屈服强度逐渐增大,而抗拉强度和伸长率在Sm含量为2％时达到最大,比未添加Sm元素时提高约15％以上.     

退火处理对Zr添加5182铝合金性能和表面质量的影响

采用拉伸试验和埃里克森杯突试验研究了退火处理对Zr添加5182铝合金性能和表面质量的影响。研究结果表明:Zr添加5182铝合金较未添加Zr的合金表现出明显的优势。在370~450℃范围内,5182铝合金的强度、r和杯突值IE随温度的升高而减小,经450℃/2h退火处理后拉伸和杯突试样表面均出现橘皮组织,而在该温度区间时,5182+Zr铝合金性能随温度变化不明显,经450℃/2h退火处理后拉伸和杯突的试样表面质量良好。     

Cu含量对Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-0.6Mn薄板成形性及烤漆硬化性的影响

采用拉伸、杯突实验结合DSC分析系统研究了Cu含量对汽车车身用Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-(0.1~0.7)Cu-0.6Mn合金T4态薄板各类成形性指标及模拟烤漆处理后性能变化的影响规律.结果表明:随着Cu含量增加,T4态合金板材的强度单调增大,n值呈现出略有增大的趋势,延伸率、r值变化规律不明显,IE值单调下降,板材的拉胀成形性能变差;随着Cu含量增加,T4态合金板材烤漆前后的强度均单调增大,但合金板材模拟烤漆后表现出烤漆软化现象,且其软化量随Cu含量增加而逐渐增大,说明Cu含量增加不利于铝板烘烤硬化性能的发挥.     

Ca和Nd复合合金化Mg-6Al合金显微组织和力学性能的研究

以Mg-6Al-XCa-XNd合金为研究对象,采用金相组织观察、SEM、室温和高温拉伸实验以及断口组织观察等分析测试手段,研究了Ca和Nd元素含量对Mg-6Al-XCa-XNd合金微观组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着Ca和Nd元素含量增加,Mg-6Al-XCa-XNd合金晶粒尺寸减小,Mg-6Al-3Ca-3Nd和Mg-6Al-4Ca-4Nd合金的铸态组织呈蔷薇状;Mg-6Al-XCa-XNd合金的室温拉伸强度和延伸率降低,Mg-6Al-XCa-XNd合金的175℃高温拉伸强度先增加后降低,延伸率降低。Mg-6Al-3Ca-3Nd合金的175℃高温拉伸强度值可达到141.42 MPa。室温拉伸断口表面与高温拉伸断口表面相比存在较多的微观裂纹。     

稀土添加量对TiC基钢结硬质合金性能的影响

采用真空烧结法以TiC粉、纯Mo粉、纯Cr粉、羰基Fe粉、鳞片状石墨等为原料,制备了TiC基钢结硬质合金,并采用含Ce的环烷酸稀土作为成形剂,通过加入不同含量的Ce元素对其进行改性。利用SEM、万能实验机、洛氏硬度计等对烧结试样进行显微组织和性能分析。结果表明,添加稀土元素进行改性后的合金试样接近全致密;同时,TiC更加均匀地分布于基体中;添加Ce元素质量分数为0.2%时,合金抗弯强度达到最大值,相比不含Ce的合金试样提高近28%。     

Y元素对超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和室温拉伸力学性能测试等手段研究了Y元素对超高强Al-9Zn-2.5Mg-2Cu(wt.%)合金铸态和T6热处理态微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Y元素的添加能够细化铸态合金晶粒,降低晶界第二相的连续性;经轧制变形和T6热处理后,随着Y元素含量的提高,合金的强度呈先升高后降低的趋势。当Y元素添加量为0.2%时,性能优秀,其屈服强度为590.1 MPa,极限抗拉强度为622.7 MPa,伸长率为10.44%。     

含Mn合金相对T4态Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu铝合金板材性能的影响

通过改变Mn含量以调控Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu合金板材中含Mn合金相粒子尺寸及数量,基此,进一步研究含Mn合金相粒子尺寸和数量对T4态合金板材再结晶晶粒、强度、塑性、应变强化指数（n）值、塑性应变比（r）值及杯突值（IE）的影响,揭示了含Mn合金相粒子组态对T4态合金板材冲压成形性的作用机制,并优化出汽车车身用Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu合金板材中的最佳Mn含量及相应的最佳含Mn合金相粒子的体积分数。结果表明,Mn在T4态Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu合金板材中主要以3～4μm的α-Al(FeMnCr)Si过剩结晶相粒子和200～500 nm的α-Al(FeMnCr)Si弥散相粒子形式存在。当Mn含量由<0.001%增加至1.23%,两种尺度合金相粒子尺寸无明显变化,但其体积分数分别从0.08%和0.05%增加至3.70%和5.23%,合金板材的再结晶晶粒从36.13μm逐渐细化至15.42μm。合金板材的强度先降低后增大,0.2%～15%塑性变形范围内的应变强化指数（n15）值和塑性变形量为15%时的塑性应变比（r15）值先增大...     

In的添加对Sn-9Zn无铅焊料合金组织与性能的影响

锡锌（Sn-Zn）无铅焊料在电子封装中具有广阔的应用前景,但其润湿性和抗氧化性能较差。采用16通道摇摆炉制备Sn-9Zn-x In(x=0,1,2,3,4;%,质量分数)焊料合金,研究In元素对Sn-9Zn无铅焊料合金微观组织、熔化特性、润湿性、抗氧化性以及力学性能的影响。结果表明：添加的In元素与Sn,Zn形成低熔点合金,明显降低焊料合金的熔点及固相线温度;加入In元素使得焊料合金表面张力降低,润湿性能提高;焊料合金的润湿力在In含量为3%达到最大值（0.857 mN）;焊料添加In元素形成In2O3氧化膜有保护熔体的作用,有助于增强焊料合金抗氧化性能,不含In元素时焊料合金的氧化增重为0.47%,而In含量为3%时其氧化增重质量分数为0.14%,抗氧化性能提高;添加In后在Sn基体中产生固溶强化和析出强化使得合金抗拉强度先提高后降低,当In含量为3%时,焊料合金极限抗拉强度达到55 MPa左右。加入In后破碎为长条状、针棒状的富Zn相使得延伸率逐渐下降,当In添加量大于3%时,延伸率急剧下降。综合焊料的力学性能、润湿性、抗氧化性能,确定In的在Sn-9Zn中最优添加量为3%。     

Mg-6Al-1Zn-Y镁合金组织及力学性能的研究

在Mg-6Al-1Zn合金的基础上添加不同质量分数的Y（分别为0％，0．5％，0．9％，1．4％），制备了4种实验合金，研究了Y的添加对合金组织性能的影响。通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针等手段分析了Mg-6Al-1Zn合金添加Y后组织结构的变化。研究结果表明，添加了不同含量Y的合金中都出现了一种新相Al2Y相。随着Y含量的增加，Al2Y相数量增多而Mg17Al 12相则减少。Y能细化合金铸态及挤压态显微组织，其细化作用在添加了0．9％Y的镁合金中尤为明显。铸态合金室温拉伸试验表明：该合金具有最佳的综合力学性能。当Y含量添加至1．4％时，Al2Y相变得粗大且出现团聚现象而导致了拉伸性能的下降。经过挤压后，合金的力学性能大幅度上升。     

Texture Evolution in Mg-Zn-Ca Alloy Sheets

Ca was added to Mg-1Zn and Mg-6Zn alloys to modify their texture, and the origin of texture modification by Ca addition has been investigated. It shows that Mg-1Zn-1Ca (ZX11) and Mg-6Zn-1Ca (ZX61) alloy sheets in the as-rolled condition show the textures having a splitting of basal poles toward the rolling direction and a splitting of basal poles toward the transverse direction, respectively. An analysis of the microstructure in the as-rolled condition shows that two different types of twins become active during rolling, double twins for ZX11 and tension twins for ZX61, suggesting that double twinning and tension twinning promote a splitting of basal poles toward the rolling direction (ZX11) and transverse direction (ZX61), respectively. On the other hand, after annealing, both alloy sheets show a weakened texture characterized by a splitting of basal poles toward the transverse direction. During annealing, the growth of tension twin-oriented grains occurs, resulting in the texture having a splitting of basal poles toward the transverse direction in both alloys. These alloys show not only higher yield strength but also better stretch formability than Al 5052 alloy, showing their potential as highly formable Mg sheet alloys.     

热轧AZ31镁合金薄板的室温成形性

针对AZ31镁合金板材室温冲压成形较差的特点,采用不同轧制温度获得镁合金板材,使用半球形凸模胀形,绘制镁合金室温成形极限图并分析轧制温度对镁合金板材组织和室温成形能力的影响.发现AZ31镁合金板材的成形性能不仅与晶粒尺寸有关,还与晶粒取向有关.基面织构的减弱可明显提高板材的胀形性能,在基面织构强度相似的情况下,晶粒尺寸对板材的成形性能起决定性影响.      

Effect of Rare Earth Cerium on Yield Strength Anisotropy of Al-Li Alloy Sheet and Its Theoretical Prediction

Traceadditionofrareearthinto 2 0 90Al Lialloyisoneofthemeasurestoimproveitslowductilityandtoughness .Al Lialloysheetwithstrongcrystallo graphictexturehasbeenknowntohaveunusuallyhigheryieldstrengthanisotropythanconventionalalu minumalloys[1～3] .However ,ithasnotbeennormallyrecognizedsofarabouttheeffectofceriumonthisanisotropyofAl Lialloy .Someinvestigationsonheat treatableAl Lialloysshowthattheyieldstrengthanisotropyof 2 0 90sheetalloyisdefinitelyassociatedwiththevolumefractionofT1precipita…     

The Microstructural, Textural, and Mechanical Properties of Extruded and Equal Channel Angularly Pressed Mg-Li-Zn Alloys

The microstructural and textural evolution of the Mg-6Li-1Zn (LZ61), Mg-8Li-1Zn (LZ81), and Mg-12Li-1Zn (LZ121) alloys were investigated in the as-extruded condition and after being equal channel angularly pressed (ECAPed) for one, two, and four passes. The shear punch testing technique was employed to evaluate the room-temperature mechanical properties of the extruded and ECAPed materials. Microstructural analysis revealed that the grain refinement in both LZ61 and LZ121 alloys could be achieved after multipass ECAP through the continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallization process. For the LZ81 alloy, however, the occurrence of Li loss in the four passes of ECAP condition partly offsets the grain refining effect of the ECAP process by increasing grain size and volume fraction of the α phase. Textural studies in both LZ61 and LZ81 alloys indicated that the developed fiber texture after extrusion could be replaced by a typical ECAP texture, where the basal planes are mainly inclined about 45 deg to the extrusion axis. The increased volume fraction of the β phase in LZ81 significantly affected the α-phase texture by decreasing the intensity of the maximum orientations of the basal and prismatic planes in all deformation conditions, compared with the LZ61 alloy. It was also observed that the abnormal grain growth might be promoted by the strong texture developed in the extruded LZ121 alloy. This texture became more randomized when the number of ECAP passes increased. The SPT results showed that the shear yield stress, ultimate shear strength and normalized displacement in all studied alloys were improved through the grain refinement strengthening caused by ECAP. It was also established that increasing Li content decreased the shear strength and enhanced the shear elongation in all deformation conditions.     

高温轧制对AZ31B镁合金组织和性能的影响

研究了高温轧制工艺对AZ31B镁合金微观组织、织构以及性能的影响规律.在轧制状态下,随着轧制温度从450℃升高至525℃,合金组织内部动态再结晶逐渐增多,孪晶数量不断减少,同时组织的均匀性也得到了改善,基面织构强度也呈下降的趋势.经350℃保温60min退火之后,合金板材内部发生了完全再结晶,孪晶组织消失,显微组织更均...     

Mg-Mn-Ce镁合金挤压管材各向异性与织构研究

测定了Mg-Mn-Ce镁合金挤压管材的力学性能,观察了管内侧、中心层和管外侧的金相显微组织及织构特征。结果表明,Mg-Mn-Ce挤压管材存在明显的力学性能各向异性,沿挤压方向的屈服强度和抗拉强度明显小于横向;沿壁厚方向的金相组织有一定差异,管外侧有大量的形变孪晶存在;壁厚方向存在明显的织构梯度现象,外侧面主要织构类型为(0001)基面组分,内侧面和中心层面主要织构类型为大锥面织构和棱柱面组分,这种织构梯度特性直接导致了力学性能各向异性的产生。     

The Influence of Strain Path on Rare Earth Recrystallization Textures in a Magnesium-Zinc-Rare Earth Alloy

In this study, the effect of strain path on texture evolution during cold rolled and annealing of hot rolled Mg-Zn-Rare-Earth (RE) alloy (ZEK100) sheet has been investigated. Strain path during cold rolling has been varied by changing rolling direction with respect to the original hot rolling (HR) direction of the sheet. Cold rolling either parallel or perpendicular to the HR direction leads to spread and split of basal poles in the transverse direction (TD) during annealing, characteristic of Mg-Zn-RE alloys. However, when the sheet is continuously rotated between cold rolling passes, this texture spread is not produced. It is demonstrated that a change in dislocation activity, as predicted by crystal plasticity modeling, cannot explain the unusual textures developed in Mg-Zn-RE alloys. Instead, the role of strain path in determining shear band evolution is considered to be critical. When shear bands are suppressed by continuously rotating the specimen, the distinct Zn-RE texture is not produced. Furthermore, it is demonstrated the dominance of the TD spread grains emerges gradually during recrystallization, leading to the final observed texture.

     

Effects of Cerium on Texture and Mechanical Property of 2090 Aluminium-Lithium Alloys

Conventional processing of Al-Li alloys asstructural materials used in aerospace industries such as rolling, prestretching, solutioningand aging will produce various textures such asrolling texture, recrystallization texture whichcan lead to mechanical anisotropy. Adding Ceto Al-Li alloys by means of rare earth microalloying and purification, the mechanical properties will be improved[' ~3). It is significant tostudy the actions of Ce on Al-Li alloys from theviewpoint of texture, hilt resea…     

Effect of Ca Addition on the Intensity of the Rare Earth Texture Component in Extruded Magnesium Alloys

Extruded Mg alloys usually display strong basal fiber textures, which are related to poor formability. Inspired by the texture weakening effect of the addition of rare earths (RE) to Mg alloys, two Mg-Ca alloys were designed and a range of extrusion conditions were explored in attempts to reproduce this effect. Constant strain rate and strain rate change compression tests were performed on the specially prepared Mg-0.5Ca and Mg-1Ca alloys. Dynamic strain aging (DSA) was observed to take place in both alloys over a well-defined temperature and strain rate range. Seven extrusion trials were then carried out on the Mg-0.5Ca alloy within and external to the DSA range of conditions. From the resulting textures and microstructures, it is concluded that the 〈11?21〉 (RE) texture component is formed when extrusion is carried out while DSA is taking place. The occurrence of this type of texture weakening is attributed to the promotion of recrystallization within the shear bands formed when the rate sensitivity is negative. The latter in turn arises because of the DSA taking place in the presence of solute Ca.     

Effect of Processing Condition on Texture and Drawability of a Ferritic Rolled and Annealed Interstitial-Free Steel

The processing conditions of the texture formation and deep drawability of a Ti-IF steel strip hot-rolled in ferritic region and subsequently annealed were investigated. The r-value increases with the decrease of reheating temperature, and finish rolling temperature and the increase of reductions in ferritic region. For lubricated ferritic rolling and annealing, the r-value is raised up to 1.75, and elongation rate is over 50% at the finish rolling temperature of 650 ℃, which is suitable for DDQ grade products. However, the r-value is below 1.0 in the case of unlubricated rolling. The X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the textural characteristic of samples. For samples subjected to lubricated rolling and annealing, the strong { 111 }//ND recrystallization texture is distributed homogeneously along the thickness direction, and the intensity of { 110} recrystallization texture is very low even in surface. However, for unlubricated samples, the {111} texture is distributed inhomogeneously and is weak along the thickness direction, and （110}//ND recrystallization texture is strong, which deteriorates the formability.