一种有机硅阻燃协效剂的配方和加工工艺

本发明涉及化工技术领域，具体的说是一种有机硅阻燃协效剂的配方和加工工艺，是由有机硅复合阻燃体系和基体树脂组成，其特征在于以重量份数计，有机树脂和有机硅复合阻燃体系的比例是有机树脂40～80份，有机硅复合阻燃体系20～60份。本发明同现有技术相比，有机硅含量高、成本低、阻燃效果好，     

酚醛环氧／双酚A二（二苯基）磷酸酯／有机蒙脱土阻燃ABS Ⅱ．偶联剂和硼酸锌对阻燃ABS性能的影响

将硼酸锌和偶联剂添加到以酚醛环氧树脂（NE）／有机蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合物与双酚A二（二苯基）磷酸酯（BDP）阻燃ABS体系中制备了无卤阻燃ABS。研究发现添加偶联剂KH560的阻燃ABS的氧指数和冲击强度都比添加KH550的高。KH560质量分数为0．5％时对阻燃体系有一定的协同效应，提高了体系的氧指数。硼酸锌在一定范围内对NE／OMMT-BDP阻燃ABS体系也有协同效应，随着其用量增加，氧指数先增大后减少；增加硼酸锌用量使冲击强度明显下降，而拉伸强度则是先升后降，在其质量分数为3％时，拉伸强度达到最高。     

一种可过850℃灼热丝和400V CTI的增强阻燃改型PBT的研究

通过普通溴系阻燃体系、复配阻燃体系以及不同含量玻璃纤维等方向对聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)性能进行研究。利用双螺杆挤出手段,研制出了一种高灼热丝和高漏电起痕(CTI)性能的PBT材料。实验结果表明:普通溴系阻燃PBT灼热丝温度低于750℃,达不到相关行业基本要求;复配阻燃体系PBT的灼热丝和CTI性能大幅提高;玻纤含量对相关性能影响较小。     

高流动、高韧性阻燃ABS的研制

采用熔融挤出的方法制备了高流动、高韧性阻燃ABS。研究了阻燃剂、热塑性弹性体（SBS）、氯化聚乙烯（CPE）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和纳米SiO2对ABS树脂力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明：溴-锑阻燃剂的用量在13．5％～18％时，ABS树脂可以达到很好的阻燃效果，但它同时也使ABS树脂的冲击强度下降很多；在阻燃ABS体系中加入SBS或CPE或PVC以及CPE与PVC的混合物，可以提高ABS树脂的冲击强度；采用CPE和PVC以及纳米SiO2等材料组成的配方体系，可以制得高流动、高韧性阻燃ABS树脂，该树脂具有良好的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

纳米SiO2对无卤阻燃LLDPE/PDMS交联共混体系性能的影响

分别采用高乙烯基含量硅橡胶（PDMS）及其混炼胶（PDMS—SiO2）与线型低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）进行熔融共混，制备了两种热塑性交联共混物；并通过添加阻燃母料（FM）分别制得两种阻燃交联共混物。比较研究了纳米SiO2对LLDPE／PDMS和LLDPE／PDMS／FM两种交联共混体系的力学性能和阻燃性能影响。结果表明：纳米SiO2对LLDPE／PDMS交联共混体系的力学性能无改善效果，而对LIDPE／PDMs／FM阻燃交联共混体系具有一定的增强作用；纳米SiO2均降低两种交联共混体系的阻燃性能。通过比较残炭率和观察残留炭层的结构形态，分析了两种胶料产生不同阻燃效果的原因，并进一步探讨了燃烧残炭率和炭层结构形态对材料阻燃性能的影响。     

耐刮擦高灼热丝温度HIPS研究

制备了一种耐刮擦高灼热丝温度高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)材料,研究了不同阻燃体系对HIPS灼热丝温度和力学性能的影响,考察了耐刮擦助剂对高灼热丝温度HIPS材料耐刮擦性能的影响。结果表明,采用自制复合阻燃体系相对于一般溴系阻燃体系可使HIPS的灼热丝温度提高30~80℃,其质量分数为13%时HIPS的灼热丝温度即可达到960℃;复合阻燃体系含量增加时材料的冲击强度下降;耐刮擦助剂质量分数为1%时即可显著提高材料的耐刮擦性,且不影响其阻燃和力学性能。     

环保型无卤阻燃聚丙烯的研制

采用几种不同类型的无卤阻燃剂研制环保型阻燃聚丙烯（PP），讨论各阻燃剂的阻燃机理，对研制的阻燃PP进行了阻燃性能测试和燃烧热测试。结果表明，Mg（OH）2复合阻燃体系和氨磷复合阻燃体系对PP均有良好的阻燃效果；研制的Mg（OH）2复合阻燃PP具有良好的阻燃性能和力学性能，并具有实际应用价值。     

环保型无卤阻燃聚丙烯的研制

采用几种不同类型的无卤阻燃剂研制环保型阻燃聚丙烯（PP），讨论各阻燃剂的阻燃机理，对研制的阻燃PP进行了阻燃性能测试和燃烧热测试。结果表明，Mg（OH）2复合阻燃体系和氮磷复合阻燃体系对PP均有良好的阻燃效果；研制的Mg（OH）2复合阻燃PP具有良好的阻燃性能和力学性能，并具有实际应用价值。     

ABS树脂添加型阻燃的研究进展

ABS阻燃技术主要包括：添加型阻燃体系、反应型阻燃体系、难燃聚物混合体系,添加型阻燃体系被广范的应用于ABS树脂阻燃领域。本文对ABS树脂添加型阻燃体系所包括卤化阻燃体系和非卤化阻燃体系进行了介绍,并阐述了不同阻燃体系的优势及所存在的问题,对不同阻燃体系的发展进行了展望。     

PP阻燃体系的研究进展

综述了近年来聚丙烯（PP）主要阻燃体系的研究进展，并叙述各类PP用复合阻燃体系如Sb203／卤系阻燃体系、磷系阻燃体系、膨胀型阻燃体系、有机硅复合体系等的研究应用状况，指出了PP阻燃的发展方向。     

Preparation and characterization of straw/magnesium cement composites with high-strength and fire-retardant

To fully exploit the abundant bioresource crop straw, a straw-based composite with excellent fire retardant, high strength and dimensional stability was successfully prepared for use in building applications. The subject composite was composed of rice straw/magnesium cement (SMC) adhesive, with glass fiber as a reinforcement agent. The mechanical strength, dimensional stability, flame retardant, smoke suppression, and thermal stability of the material were used to evaluate its performance as a potential construction material. The effect of the addition of glass fiber and the pavement structure of straw and glass fiber were also characterized. The experimental results showed that the mechanical strength and rigidity of SMC composite were increased by the addition of 9% glass fiber to the total mass of the filler. Glass fibers reinforced and reduced the volume of the filler, while increasing the dimensional stability of the composites. The strength of the mixed structural composites was higher than layered structural composites, which is benefits the preparation of the composites. Compared to other straw/cement composites, glass-fiber reinforced SMC composites exhibited better strength, dimensional stability, flame retardant, smoke suppression and thermal stability. These superb properties make these novel composites an ideal candidate for use in the field of interior decoration, particularly in public venues.     

微胶囊红磷对电气绝缘用硅橡胶的阻燃改性研究

研究改性氢氧化铝(m-ATH)/微胶囊红磷无卤复合阻燃剂对电气绝缘用甲基乙烯基硅橡胶物理性能、电性能和阻燃性能等的影响,并与m-ATH/十溴二苯乙烷复合阻燃剂进行对比。结果表明,m-ATH/微胶囊红磷无卤复合阻燃剂对甲基乙烯基硅橡胶具有良好的阻燃协效作用。     

酚醛树脂及其复合材料最新进展

概述国外近十年来新型酚醛树脂及其复合材料的最新发展趋势。介绍了其优异的阻燃、低发烟、低毒雾和热、力学、物理性能，论述了高反应活性酚醛树脂的ＳＭＣ模压成型、拉挤成型、手糊成型工艺和相应树脂体系的发展方向及应用领域，并指出我国开发新型酚醛树脂基复合材料的前景和方向。     

Surface Properties and Adhesion of Flame Treated Sheet Molded Composite (SMC)

The surface chemistry of sheet molded composite (SMC) following interaction with a natural gas/air flame operated under reducing, stoichiometric, and oxidizing conditions has been investigated. The SMC surface chemistry is altered to contain in addition to hydrocarbon, ether, and ester functional groups, carbonyl and a greater carboxyl concentration. The extent of surface oxidation varies with the flame condition in the manner oxidizing ～ stoichiometric > reducing. Lap shear tests carried out at 82°C (180°F) for coupons bonded with a urethane adhesive did not fail by fiber tear. Surface analysis results indicate failure at an oxidized SMC-adhesive/non-oxidized SMC interface and within the non-oxidized SMC surface.     

阻燃ABS的配方及工艺研究

研究采用双螺杆挤出机生产阻燃ABS的配方及工艺,并分析了各种阻燃剂在阻燃ABS中的阻燃效果;讨论了各种阻燃剂和抗紫外线剂对阻燃ABS耐候性的影响和提高阻燃ABS耐候性的方法;同时研究了改性剂对阻燃ABS性能的影响     

不饱和聚酯树脂微胶囊化聚磷酸铵对阻燃聚丙烯性能的影响

利用微胶囊化技术合成了新型磷氮体系无卤膨胀型阻燃剂IFR,用于聚丙烯（PP）阻燃改性。考察了阻燃剂IFR中聚磷酸铵（APP）用不饱和聚酯树脂（UPR）的微胶囊包覆效果以及UPR的用量对阻燃PP的阻燃性、耐水性、力学性能和成炭性等的影响。结果发现随着包覆层UPR用量的增加,阻燃PP的氧指数略微增大,耐水性有所改变,力学性能下降变化幅度不大,成炭性变弱。但当UPR包覆量为5％时,对PP的阻燃、耐水以及成炭效果都比较良好。     

增韧阻燃高抗冲聚苯乙烯的研制

采用接枝(乙烯/丙烯/二烯)共聚物(EPDM)、K胶、(苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SBS)和粉末丁腈橡胶(NBR)为高分子材料增韧剂,十溴联苯醚和三氧化二锑为阻燃剂,高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)为基体树脂通过共混、挤出过程制得增韧阻燃HIPS复合材料。对该复合材料的力学性能、阻燃性能进行测试,分析了该复合材料的微观结构,并讨论了复合材料的增韧机理。结果表明,SBS比其它3种增韧剂的增韧作用明显,并有良好的阻燃效果。     

高黏度不饱和聚酯树脂的合成研究

以邻苯二甲酸酐、顺丁烯二酸酐和丙二醇为原料合成了一类可用于SMC(片状模塑料)和BMC(团状模塑料)的高黏度不饱和聚酯树脂。并对其原料配比、阻聚剂用量、温度﹑搅拌速度和惰性气体流量等对合成工艺的影响进行了研究。     

无卤阻燃电线电缆料的耐刮擦性能研究

研究了硅酮母粒、季戊四醇硬脂酸酯（ PETS）和芥酸酰胺复配、高分子量聚硅氧烷等润滑体系对无卤阻燃电线电缆料耐刮擦性能的影响。实验结果表明：三种润滑体系都可以有效改善无卤阻燃电线电缆料的耐刮擦性能,但由于PETS、芥酸酰胺、低粘度聚硅氧烷的分子量较小,耐迁移性较差,在恒温恒湿条件下出现了析出喷霜现象。     

Flame-retardant cotton fabrics by reaction of cellulose with phosphorus trichloride–DMF adduct

Cotton sateen fabric was found to react with the 1 : 2 adduct of phosphorus trichloride and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in DMF or DMF—chloroform solutions at room temperature. During this reaction, the fabric acquired flame resistance. The introduction of as little as 1.2% phospohorus and 0.4% nitrogen, achieved at adduct concentrations as low as 2–5% in reaction times of 5–30 min, was sufficient to impart a useful level of flame retardancy. The effect of the adduct concentration, reaction time, and wash procedures on the flame resistance and other properties of the resultant cotton fabrics was studied. Moderate increases in the wet and dry wrinkle recovery were imparted by the treatment, but the use of high concentrations of adduct were somewhat detrimental to the tensile strength of the fabric. However, adduct concentrations of 20–25% produced a rather durable finish which passed the standard vertical flame test after 20 home launderings. Gradual loss of flame resistance during repeated laundering is attributable to ion exchange properties gradually acquired by the fabric. Based on analytical and in frared spectral data, the initial reaction of cellulose with the PCl₃—DMF adduct is thought to involve elimination of one mole of DMF to form cellulose? O? P linkages, as well as some cellulose crosslinking via a second formimidate group of the adduct. Gradual hydrolysis during multiple launderings apparently yields cellulose acid phosphates responsible for the calcium ion uptake and decrease in flame resistance.