共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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竹叶提取物的有效成分及其应用研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了国内外竹叶提取物在实验和理论方面的研究进展。介绍了竹叶提取物的有效成分,包括黄酮类化合物、多糖、矿质元素和其他成分。论述了竹叶提取物有效成分的提取与分离技术。重点探讨了竹叶提取物的生物活性功能,如防腐、抗菌、抗氧化作用,以及竹叶提取物的植物源农药开发研究。对竹叶提取物的有效成分及其应用研究前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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超临界CO2流体萃取与乙酸乙酯提取蛇床子化学成分的对比 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用超临界CO2流体萃取(SFE-CO2)和乙酸乙酯提取(SE)蛇床子中的有效成分,采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对SFE-CO2和SE提取物进行了化学成分的对比研究。鉴定出SE提取物的43个成分,SFE-CO2提取物的39个成分,占各提取物质量的80%~90%;SE提取蛇床子有效成分的能力较弱,而采用SFE-CO2萃取釜压力40 MPa,温度40℃,解析釜Ⅰ、Ⅱ压力5 MPa,解析釜Ⅰ温度45℃,解析釜Ⅱ温度46℃的工艺条件萃取出的蛇床子提取物,较SE选择性强,有利于萃取总香豆素以及萜烯类化合物;萃取总香豆素的质量分数(35.32%)比SE(17.39%)提高了18%,尤其萃取蛇床子素(23.83%),约为SE(6.32%)的4倍;萜烯类化合物(5.35%)也比SE(2.09%)提高了3%。 相似文献
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因煎煮法等传统萃取方法不适用于提取热稳定性低的成分、萃取率不高,且目前研究主要集中于对单一药材的提取,故本研究使用微波提取技术提取中药复方(暖心方)中的有效成分;采用HPLC技术对提取液中有效成分含量进行分析;采用单因素实验法探究微波功率、萃取时间、提取次数三个因素对提取工艺的影响;此外,通过SEM对细胞破壁情况分析,了解其微波提取机理。实验结果显示,微波提取有效成分的最佳提取条件为:微波功率1200 W、萃取时间40 min、提取次数1次。与传统加热萃取法相比,微波辅助萃取技术能明显地缩短萃取时间,实现了节能高效。微波辐射因能深入并作用于中药材内部,使细胞壁破损,更好地将中药材中的有效成分析出。 相似文献
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目的:研究三桠苦提取物的抑菌活性。方法:以95%乙醇为溶剂,分别利用超声波提取和回流提取方法获得三桠苦提取物,利用滤纸片扩散法,分析两种提取方法的提取物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌和沙门氏菌的抑菌活性差异,确定抑菌活性较好的提取方法。利用该方法提取三桠苦得到提取物,采用溶剂萃取法,依次用石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇分别萃取三桠苦提取物,得到极性大小不同的萃取物,再次利用滤纸片扩散法,比较这些萃取物对四种菌的抑菌活性,确定三桠苦的抑菌活性部位,为三桠苦抑菌活性成分的深入研究提供参考。结果:回流提取法获得的样品抑菌活性优于超声提取法;石油醚、二氯甲烷萃取物表现出较好的抑菌活性,乙酸乙酯萃取物抑菌活性较差、正丁醇萃取物无抑菌活性。结论:三桠苦提取物具有抑菌活性,其二氯甲烷萃取物是具有较强抑菌作用的活性部位。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(5):1228-1239
Abstract Water in hydrothermal condition has been used for extraction of nutraceutical compounds from Chlorella vulgaris. Hydrothermal extraction was carried out in a semi-batch and a batch extractor at various temperatures (120–200°C), pressures (2–10 MPa), and extraction times (30–300 min) to extract antioxidant and antibacterial compounds. The effect of extraction condition on the yield of extract was investigated. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extracts obtained by hydrothermal extraction were examined. The increasing extraction temperature resulted in higher antioxidant activity, but lower antimicrobial activity. As comparison with hot water extraction, the antioxidant activity of extract obtained by hydrothermal extraction was higher than that obtained by hot water extraction, but the antibacterial activity of the extract obtained by hydrothermal extraction was lower. 相似文献
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三明产柿叶总黄酮的微波提取研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用微波法提取柿叶中总黄酮,探讨了乙醇质量浓度、微波辐射功率、固液比和微波辐射时间等因素对柿叶总黄酮提取率的影响,并用UV和FTIR对提取产物进行了表征.通过单因素实验和正交实验确定最佳提取条件为:乙醇质量浓度65%,固液比1∶ 25(g:mL),微波辐射功率300 W,微波辐射时间15 min(间歇作用5次,每次3 ... 相似文献
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Konstantina Kyriakopoulou Athina Pappa Magdalini Krokida Anastasia Detsi Panagiotis Kefalas 《Drying Technology》2013,31(9):1063-1076
Sea buckthorn is a promising source of bioactive compounds. However, there is limited information on the effect of post harvest drying and extraction of sea buckthorn on its antioxidant capacity. The effect of freeze, air, and solar dryingon the extraction yield of sea buckthorn berries and leaves was evaluated with respect to their bioactive content. Sequential extraction with solvents of different polarity and solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction were applied. Freeze-drying has better performance in the berries’ extracts, while air-drying has better performance in the leaves’ extracts. All data were analyzed by Multi Factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's post-hoc tests at a level of α = .05. Although the extraction yield in the sequential extraction of sea buckthorn berries is significantly better, the leaves’ extracts exhibit superior radical scavenging ability. Accelerated solar drying appears to preserve sea buckthorn leaves without degrading their antioxidant content. The components responsible for the high antioxidant activity of leaves’ extracts were found to be several flavonoids and polyphenols. The extract obtained by the microwave extraction of fresh berries exhibits moderate antioxidant activity compared to the polar extracts of freeze-dried berries. 相似文献
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采用索氏提取法,以正己烷为溶剂,提取金银忍冬鲜叶和鲜花中的活性物质,通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法分析其挥发性化学成分并通过抑菌活性实验分析其抑菌活性。分析结果表明:金银忍冬鲜叶提取物中GC含量最高的化合物是(-)-异长叶醇(22.63%),其次是2,7,10-三甲基-十二烷(10.48%)。金银忍冬鲜花提取物中GC含量最高的化合物是2,7,10-三甲基-十二烷(14.16%),其次是邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(9.60%)。金银忍冬鲜叶提取物质量浓度为0.19 g/mL时,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最明显,抑菌圈直径达到13.81±1.48 mm;金银忍冬鲜花提取物在质量浓度0.027 5~0.22 g/mL范围内,对大肠杆菌有较好的抑制作用。根据半数抑制浓度比较提取物对3种供试菌种的抑制能力,结果显示金银忍冬鲜叶及其鲜花提取物对3种实验菌的抑制效果顺序均为金黄色葡萄球菌>大肠杆菌>枯草芽孢杆菌。 相似文献
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采用乙醇法和半仿生法提取磨盘柿叶总黄酮,乙醇法最佳提取工艺:70%乙醇为溶剂,固液比为1∶10,回流时间为1h,提取温度为70℃。半仿生法最佳提取工艺:提取温度80℃,时间1h,固液比为1∶20。 相似文献
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白蚁菌圃因含有多种氨基酸等物质,以其特殊的生理活性而越来越受到人们的关注,并有望成为新型的保健中药制剂的药源,本文就从白蚁菌圃有效药用成分的提取和应用现状及前景等方面展开综述。 相似文献
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Onions, rich in flavonoids, with antioxidant, antibacterial, and other biological activities, are often used as extraction of raw materials to obtain health products with high flavonoids content. However, the amount of raw material consumption is large due to low yield of extracts from fresh onions. As a result, dried onions often are used as extraction materials. The effects of air drying (AD), freeze-drying (FD), and microwave freeze-drying (MFD) on the flavonoids extraction yield of onions were investigated. The most effective and economical method was hot AD. On the other hand, the flavonoids extraction rate of onions dried by MFD was the fastest. FD could also obtain high extraction rate, but it cost the highest energy consumption. In order to obtain relatively rapid, economic, and effective extraction of onion flavonoids, onions can be dried by MFD or AD method. 相似文献
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采用索氏提取法对干桑叶进行提取,得到乙醇提取物,并对提取物的组分以及体外抗氧化活性和抑菌活性进行了测定。研究结果表明:桑叶乙醇提取物中含有多种有机物,主要包括酯类(82.85%)、烷烃类(6.31%)、芳烃类(1.62%)和醇类(0.21%)。桑叶乙醇提取物总还原力与浓度有显著的线性关系;对DPPH自由基和OH自由基都有良好的清除能力,半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为73.07和104.52 mg/L。桑叶乙醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有一定的抑制作用,抑制效果为枯草芽孢杆菌>金黄色葡萄球菌>大肠杆菌,IC50分别为4.824、6.806和14.382 g/L。桑叶乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性和抑菌活性随样品浓度的增大而增大。 相似文献