石墨含量对MgO－C材料导电率的影响

通过分析研究直流电炉炉底用ＭｇＯ－Ｃ材料的导电率后发现：１）石墨含量小于５％的ＭｇＯ－Ｃ村料在常温下是不导电的；２）ＭｇＯ－Ｃ材料的导电率随着石墨含量的增加而增加；３）ＭｇＯ－Ｃ材料导电率的方向性很强；４）ＭｇＯ－Ｃ材料中所加入的炭的结构和结合剂的性质也影响了ＭｇＯ－Ｃ材料的导电率。     

大型干法水泥回转窑过渡带用镁铝尖晶石砖的损毁机理

对5000t.d-1的大型干法水泥回转窑过渡带用后镁铝尖晶石砖(LMLJ-80)分别进行了外观观察及物理性能、XRD、SEM和EDAX等分析,探讨了其损毁机理。研究结果表明:水泥熟料对镁铝尖晶石砖的侵蚀不是其损毁的主要原因,而碱盐的沉积和热震综合作用下的结构剥落和热剥落是过渡带用镁铝尖晶石砖损毁的主要形式。因此,提高镁铝尖晶石砖的韧性和抗剥落性是提高炉衬寿命的重要措施之一。     

国产镁橄榄石砖在玻璃熔窑蓄热室上的使用

为了延长玻璃熔窑蓄热室格子体的使用寿命,应选用合理匹配的耐火材料。分析了国产镁橄榄石砖使用中存在问题及应注意的事项。     

LF渣粉化原因及其对渣线MgO-C砖的损毁

采用XRD和化学分析等方法对LF渣的粉化原因及其对渣线用MgO-C砖的损毁进行了研究。结果表明:LF渣粉化的原因与其碱度(CaO与SiO2的质量比 )及C2S的数量无关,而在于α′ C2S是否转变为γ C2S(伴随 12%的体积膨胀);LF渣粉化后,在镁碳砖工作面上不仅不能形成具有保护作用的挂渣层,而且导致工作面松散、掉块,因此造成砖的损毁加剧。     

大型浮法玻璃窑耐火材料配套应用研究

本文对大型浮法玻璃窑用国产耐炎材料配置应用研究了作了介绍，认为耐炎材料合理配置是一项重要而复杂的工作。随着在大型玻璃窑节能技术的采用，耐炎材料合理配置显得日趋重要。     

Discussion on Wear Mechanism of High Chrome Brick Used in Coal Slurry Gasifier

The microstructure and phase composition of high chrome brick used in coal slurry gasifier has been analyzed by means of SEM and Energy Spectrum. The results indicate that the used brick can be divided into different zones as slag-adhered zone, reaction zone, penetration zone and unaltered zone. The phase composition and microstructure are different and cracks occurred in different degree at these zones. A dense ring belt was formed with complex spinel ( Mg, Fe)( Cr,Al, Fe2O4) in the reaction zone near the hot face. The wear mechanism of the brick during its employment has been discussed. It is considered that the reaction and penetration of coal slag and strong reduetant bring about the composition change of the brick and destroys its original network inlayed structure and consequently result in its structure spalling and weakening strength, which is the main wear mechanism of the brick and followed by temperature fluctuation and high mechanical im-pact of flowing fluid with high-speed.     

特种化学结合高铝砖的生产及其在电炉顶的应用

采用优质矾土、微膨胀料，引入一定量ZrO2，添加特种化学结合剂，经二次混练成型，700～800℃热处理后，制成特种高铝砖。在电炉顶上应用，其使用寿命超过烧成优质Ⅰ等高铝电炉顶砖的平均寿命。     

玻璃窑用优质硅砖的相变及损毁机理

分析了残砖各段带的化学成分变化及相组成变化 ,指出硅砖的损毁机理是相变和蚀损。高纯致密的优质硅砖可以提高玻璃窑的使用效率和使用寿命     

镁铬砖在大型干法水泥回转窑烧成带的损毁

对 5 0 0 0t·d- 1干法水泥回转窑烧成带的用后直接结合镁铬砖 (LZMGe - 8A)进行了XRD、SEM和EDAX分析 ,观察了残砖显微结构的变化 ,探讨了其损毁机理。研究结果表明 :水泥熟料液相侵蚀引起砖热面的结构剥落 ;水泥原料及燃料中的钾、钠、硫、氯化合物形成的碱盐以气相和液相形式进入砖的气孔内 ,随温度波动而液化或固化 ,并与砖反应导致砖的结构脆化 ,进而发生龟裂。因此 ,降低直接结合镁铬砖的显气孔率 ,并提高抗热震性 ,可以有效地降低其在干法水泥回转窑烧成带上的损毁速度     

镁炭砖在150t超高功率电炉上的应用

天津钢管公司炼钢厂１５０ｔ超高功率电炉用国产优质镁炭砖后，平均寿命达２２０炉，炉衬工作层单耗为１．３６ｋｇ／ｔ。该砖理化性能和使用寿命接近和达到了引进产品水平和设计要求，年节约成本２３０．６万元以上。     

制氢装置蒸汽转化炉的选型

介绍了蒸汽转化炉的以供热方式炉型的特点。并阐述了油煤新技术开发公司新建5万Nm3/h制氢装置蒸汽转化炉根据目前制氢工业化装置应用转化炉结构特点,进行转化炉的选型、采用的技术、结构特点、顶烧蒸汽转换炉对工况的适应情况。以确保装置建成后高效及长周期运行,产品质量达到设计要求。     

氧气射流作用下的电弧炉熔池两相流数值模拟

建立了单氧枪供氧强度为3000 m3/h时炉壁氧气射流冲击电弧炉熔池的三维两相流数值模型. 流体动力学数值模拟结果表明,在超音速射流作用下,熔池中形成的涡流促进了钢液循环流动,涡流中心位置处于液面下0.3 m、距熔池中心1.6 m处,位于氧枪轴线上、涡流中心以下的钢液流的速度呈分段线性分布. 竖直方向每降低1 cm,熔池中下部的钢液速度降低0.0015~0.002 m/s,靠近炉底的钢液速度降低0.006~0.007 m/s. 熔池表层钢液直接受射流的冲击作用,在喷吹初期钢液速度即可达0.1~0.5 m/s,之后基本不变;熔池中下部和偏心炉底区钢液速度最低,速度随喷吹时间增加而增加.     

Wear mechanisms and effects of monolithic Sialon ceramic tools in side milling of superalloy FGH96

FGH96 is one kind of nickel-based superalloy, being widely used in aero engine hot end components due to its superior mechanical properties, while its machinability has been a challenge because of rapid tool wear and low machining efficiency. Recently, ceramic tools have gained widespread attention for their superior performance maintained at high temperatures. This work aims to study the wear mechanisms and the wear effects of monolithic Sialon ceramic tool in the side milling of superalloy FGH96. The specific influences of average flank wear on the side milling forces, machining temperatures, surface quality and micro-hardness of subsurface and the wear modes in the early and serious stage are analyzed. The results indicate that the milling temperatures, machined surface roughness and the depth of hardening layer will increase as the wear increases. While parallel to the cutting direction, the machined surface roughness is about 1.8 μm without significant changes until entering the serious wear stage. The milling force tends to undergo a decrease when the VB is about 0.22 mm, since the temperature is close to the solute temperature of γ’ phase in this stage. The main wear modes of monolithic ceramic tools are adhesive wear and flanking in the flank surface.     

VDL-I型转化催化剂真空上卸技术在水蒸气转化法制氢装置中的应用

分析传统转化催化剂装卸方法的缺点和不足,结合海南炼化的成功开工经验,介绍了PDM-I型转化炉管压力降测试装置和VDL-I型转化催化剂真空上卸装置的原理和使用方法。使得转化炉催化剂装卸方便快捷,节省劳动力,装填后阻力均匀,生产中流量均匀,生产平稳,取得较大的经济效益。     

沸腾锅炉受热面金属管磨损机理分析与预防

分析了沸腾锅炉埋管,过热器,省煤器等受热面金属管磨损减薄的原因,采取相应的防腐措施。