共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
化学辅助降粘是提高稠油采收率的重要方法之一。针对渤海稠油目前存在的蒸汽热采过程中原油乳化使粘度迅速增大的问题,研制一种热采添加剂,可以在蒸汽热采过程中注入地层,降低原油乳化率及粘度,增加采收率。该热采添加剂由实验室自制二嵌段聚醚类添加剂、酚醛树脂类添加剂和成熟使用的KLD添加剂复配而成。实验结果表明该热采添加剂具有较好的防乳效果、降粘效果和较好的降低界面张力的特性。通过室内模拟驱油实验,该热采添加剂在添加量为0.3%时,其岩心原油最终采收率达到了91.61%。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
针对稠油开采过程中,原油黏度高、流动性困难等问题,优选出了用于化学吞吐的乳化降黏体系JN-1,并对该体系进行了室内评价和现场试验。研究结果表明,该体系与原油的界面张力为10~(-2) mN·m~(-1),相对于原油与水的界面张力降低了99.8%,在油水比为7:3下该体系形成的乳状液黏度32.35 mPa·s,降黏率94.11%,具有较强的乳化能力和静态洗油能力,动态驱油实验表明,该乳化降黏体系比单独水驱采收率提高10.4%。通过在南海某稠油油井的现场施工,取得了较好的应用效果。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
中国渤海蕴藏超过30亿t稠油资源。现阶段稠油最理想开采方法仍为锅炉注热蒸汽法。旅大区块平台是我国海上第一座稠油热采试验平台,配备了大型卧式锅炉等热采设备,锅炉燃烧原油产生的烟气不满足国家锅炉排放标准。为达到保护环境、节能减排之目的,平台配备了一套锅炉烟气处理系统,将处理后的烟气随热蒸汽一起注入地层,减少污染物排放,回收烟气热能,变废为宝,具有巨大的经济价值及环保价值。 相似文献
10.
11.
三元复合驱乳化作用对提高采收率影响研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过系统的室内实验 ,研究了不同机械搅拌力、不同含水率条件下 ,表面活性剂、碱、聚合物组成的一元、三元溶液与原油的乳化能力、形成乳化液的类型、稳定性和相关性质 ,揭示了影响三元复合驱乳化的主要因素是油水比、化学剂类型及浓度、外力 ,且上述各种因素是综合起作用的。同时揭示了大庆油田三元复合驱矿场试验中井口采出液乳化产生的原因。乳化携带及乳化调剖等乳化作用是三元复合驱提高洗油效率、扩大波及体积的机理之一。通过室内物理模拟实验 ,得出三元复合驱原油乳化调整了层间、层内矛盾及三元复合驱原油乳化 ,在一定条件下有利于提高采收率的结论 相似文献
12.
13.
Emulsification using Microstructured Systems In the last century, research on several methods for the production of emulsions has been carried out. In order to disperse one phase into another phase which is immiscible or poorly miscible in the first phase, several kinds of processes are available. An example for emulsions where small oil droplets are dispersed into a continuous water phase is mayonnaise. In margarine, water droplets are dispersed into a continuous oil phase. In this publication, three emulsification methods are presented. First of all membrane emulsification was developed by Nakashima in the early 1990ies. This process uses microporous membranes to disperse one phase into another one. The disperse phase is pressed through the pores and detached by the flow of the continuous phase. This results in the production of an emulsion with a narrow droplet size distribution at mild process conditions. Another process using membranes for the production of emulsions is premix membrane emulsification, developed by Suzuki in the late 1990ies. Droplets of a coarse emulsion are disrupted by passing the entire emulsion through the pores of a membrane. Compared to the aforementioned method, higher production rates are possible. Nakajimaapplied the so called microchannels in emulsification technology. Compared to other emulsification methods, these three processes provide several advantages. 相似文献
14.
单组分乳化剂制备硅油乳液及影响因素研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通常硅油乳液是在加热条件下,采用复配型乳化剂乳化硅油获得。而试验在常温条件下,以100mPa·s的二甲基硅油为原料,以单组分乳化剂成功制备出固含量约为60%的硅油乳液,并且所得乳液不必调节pH值,工艺实现简化。主要研究了硅油乳化工艺中乳化剂类型及用量、乳化方法、乳化水用量、搅拌速度、乳化时间等的选择。获得的最佳工艺条件:采用剂在油中法,异构醇醚系E型乳化剂用量为5%(质量百分含量),乳化水用量约40%,搅拌速度900r/min,乳化时间30min。在此条件下得到的硅油乳液外观均匀、细腻,具有良好的稳定性和分散性。 相似文献
15.
16.
稠油节能增输是解决常规原油日渐枯竭、保障原油接替的紧迫需求,然而稠油黏度高、流道黏附性强,使其输送异常困难,是稠油节能增效输送技术瓶颈。根据前期研究本文作者发现,活性水作用下稠油乳化降黏的同时可改变稠油与管内壁界面特性,以及稠油提高采收率——润湿性之润湿反转,提出管输稠油乳化降黏及其流固界面润湿耦合作用流动减阻新思路。本文基于国内外相关研究成果的系统分析,探讨稠油乳化降黏、流固界面润湿及耦合减阻的有效性,剖析活性水作用乳化/润湿耦合减阻存在的主要问题,理论分析稠油在管输过程中实现乳化/润湿耦合减阻的可行性。结果表明,乳化/润湿减阻思路在理论上是可行的,而且在表面活性剂作用下乳化降黏的同时管输流固界面润湿反转更容易实施,然而,乳化/润湿减阻实际应用缺乏充分认识尚需深入研究其相关科学问题;其深入研究有望理解与认识流固界面特性对流动阻力的影响作用,可解决管输稠油流动阻力之难题,将为稠油流动改进提供理论与技术支撑,在稠油管输节能增效方面具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
17.
18.
Hiromichi Sagitani 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1981,58(6):738-743
In many emulsion systems, creaming occurs during the first stage of emulsion breakdown. To reduce the rate of creaming, emulsions
having small and uniform droplets are desirable. In this work, types and HLB of nonionic surfactants, emulsification methods,
and combinations of oils and nonionic surfactants were investigated in order to make stable and homogeneous emulsions. Emulsification
was attained by dissolving the surfactants in the oil phases. The addition speed and volume of water to the oil phases were
important factors affecting the emulsion droplet size. The change of the solute state in the process of emulsification was
observed stage by stage, and the mechanism of emulsification was elucidated. Homogeneous emulsions were formed in the HLB
region, showing liquid crystalline and gel phases in the emulsifying process. The addition speed of water to the oil phase
was very important in forming the liquid crystalline and gel phases. Polyoxyethylene(n)sorbitan monostearate could emulsify
three kinds of oils (hydrocarbon, fatty acid ester and triglyceride). Polyoxyethylene(n)alkyl ether could emulsify hydrocarbon
and fatty acid ester. Polyoxyethylene(n)-monostearate could emulsify only hydrocarbon. Surfactants with proper HLB which were
soluble in the oil phase and in the presence of a very small amount of water formed a stable emulsion. The solubility state
of oil and surfactant was the key to making a fine emulsion. 相似文献
19.
Spencer E. Taylor 《Fuel》2011,90(10):3028-3039
Nonionic surfactant-stabilised oil-in-water emulsions offer a potentially useful vehicle for transporting heavy crude oils from oilfields to refineries or distribution terminals. Prior to refining, separation of the oil from the emulsion is necessary. Previous studies have suggested that heating the emulsion is sufficient for destabilisation and recovery of the oil. The present work examines this process on a batch laboratory scale and monitors the effect of thermal treatment on the heavy oil/water interfacial tension using spinning drop tensiometry. The present research has confirmed that heating Wolf Lake (Canada) bitumen-in-water emulsions to a temperature close to the cloud point of the surfactant results in efficient bitumen/water resolution, together with separation of a dense surfactant-rich coacervate phase that could recycled in a commercial heavy oil transportation process. The corresponding temperature dependence of the bitumen/water interfacial tension provides further insight into the emulsion resolution process. 相似文献
20.
原油中含有油、水、乳化剂,三种物质的混合接触生产的乳液,会导致石油在运输、加工以及销售过程中出现问题。基于此,以SZ36-1重质高酸重原油为例,在分析原油化学性质的基础上,在85℃环境下,加入不同破乳剂50 mg/L于原油溶液中,对单剂破乳剂进行筛选实验,分析各破乳剂对原油乳液稳定性的定量影响程度,将优选的GSX21与GSX04两种破乳剂进行复配,在分别加入短支链醇A、醇醚B、磺酸C观察原油乳液稳定性和脱水量变化,优选出高效破乳剂SXFP21,GSX21+GSX04+A+B+C(SXFP21)复配比例为5:1.5:1:1:0.5,实验结果表明,破乳剂中的有机小分子助剂,利用改变原油中各物质界面的极性以及溶解性能,来降低乳液的稳定性,提高脱水量、破乳剂和助剂之间具有良好的协同效应,从实验现象来看,与国外破乳剂使用效果对比,国产复配破乳剂脱除水质效果更好。 相似文献