杂凝聚法制备纳米复相陶瓷材料的微观组织及增韧机理研究

采用杂凝聚法制备了Al2O3-ZrO2（n）纳米复相陶瓷粉体,对经SPS烧结成型的纳米复相陶瓷材料块体进行了微观组织韧化机理的试验研究.研究表明,Al2O3-ZrO2（n）陶瓷中由于ZrO2的添加,改变了Al2O3的晶粒形状,提高了材料的致密度,并细化了晶粒;其微观组织为典型的晶内/晶界混合型纳米复相陶瓷,其中不规则的ZrO2团聚体主要存在于Al2O3的多晶粒相交的晶界处,一些细小、分散的球状ZrO2纳米颗粒（70-200 nm）分布在Al2O3晶粒内部.由于基体晶粒的细化以及因其形成的“内晶型”纳米结构,提高了基体的力学性能.研究认为,Al2O3-ZrO2（n）纳米复相陶瓷力学性能的改变是由于纳米粒子的增韧机制、ZrO2相变增韧机制和“内晶型”结构共同作用的结果.     

纳米复相陶瓷的制备方法综述

纳米复相陶瓷是一种新型复合材料，它的综合性能相对传统陶瓷有了很大的提高。目前为止，纳米复相陶瓷粉体的制备方法主要有机械球磨、均相复合、非均相复合等，纳米复相陶瓷的烧结方法有无压烧结、热压烧结、热等静压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结等。对于纳米复相陶瓷而言，热等静压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结是比较理想的烧结方法。     

纳米复相陶瓷

本文综述近年纳米级复相陶瓷的研究概况,介绍了多种制备方法及微观内晶型复合结构、增韧强化机理,对其发展动态进行了展望。     

NiAl弥散增韧Al2O3复相陶瓷

以金属间化合物NiAl为弥散增韧相,制备了氧化铝复相陶瓷,深入探讨了其性能及增韧效果与显微结构之间的关系.结果表明1 600℃下真空烧结所制备的Al2O3复相陶瓷(φ(NiAl)=20%)断裂韧性为K1C=8.2 Mpa·m1/2,比单体系氧化铝陶瓷(K1C=4.84 Mpa·m1/2)提高了约68%.     

Al2O3/SiC纳米复相陶瓷断裂韧性的研究

采用平均粒径为20 nm和150 nm的SiC粉作为增强相，基体粉为亚微米的Al₂O₃粉(美国)，在1 550～1 750 ℃无压烧结，制备了Al₂O₃/SiC纳米复相陶瓷并对其显微结构和断裂韧性之间的关系进行了研究.结果表明，当采用20 nm SiC粉作为强化相，加入量为3%时，断裂韧性从3.0 MPa·m^1/2提高到6.67 MPa·m^1/2，增加122.5%，材料的相对密度达到98.7%以上.利用SEM观察其显微组织，发现组织中若干个细小的晶粒组成一个单元体，单元体内各晶粒之间结合牢固，这种微观结构有利于Al₂O₃/SiC纳米复相陶瓷韧性的提高.而细晶增韧是重要增韧机理之一.     

包覆法添加烧结助剂制备A12O3/SiCp复相陶瓷

通过包覆的方法将烧结助剂Y2 O3均匀地加入到陶瓷粉体中 ,用无压烧结制备Al2 O3-SiCp 复相陶瓷材料。在Al2 O3 SiC混合粉体上覆一层Y (OH) 3后 ,素坯结构均匀 ,且有利于提高素坯致密性。在较佳条件下 ,材料的相对密度和强度分别达到96 8%和 364MPa。     

微纳米复相陶瓷超声振动磨削表面微观特性的试验研究

结合磨削表面X射线衍射定性分析与定量计算,研究了“晶内型”微-纳米复相陶瓷材料超声振动磨削表面层与基体之间的过渡层的微观结构.X射线衍射分析表明:二维振动磨削和普通磨削表面均以α-Al2O3和四方相ZrO2为主,存在少量的单斜相ZrO2,磨削表面无非晶相产生;磨削表层和基体之间的过渡层的X射线衍射峰具有半峰宽化现象,磨...     

微波烧结氧化铝陶瓷的纳米增韧研究

高纯度氧化铝陶瓷具有极高的机械强度,在航空航天等国防尖端技术领域具有极好的应用前景．针对目前采用普通方法烧结的高纯度氧化铝陶瓷韧性较差的问题,利用圆柱形微波多模烧结腔进行了高纯度氧化铝陶瓷的纳米增韧研究．以氧化铝（质量分数99．9％）、氧化镁（质量分数0．05％）和氧化钇（质量分数0．05％）为基准原料配比,在其中添加不同比例的纳米氧化铝粉末,研究不同比例纳米氧化铝粉末对陶瓷性能的影响．结果表明,当纳米氧化铝粉末添加量达到30％时,高纯度氧化铝陶瓷试样的密度、维氏硬度和断裂韧性分别达到3．92g／cm^3、23．2GPa和4．21Pa·m^1/2;与未添加纳米氧化铝粉末烧结得到的陶瓷试样相比,密度降低0．5％,但其维氏硬度增加了2．2％,断裂韧性甚至增强了33．7％．     

复相陶瓷的制备与研究

着重分析复相陶瓷的制备工艺,力学性能和微观结构以及强韧化机理,指明多组元多层次混杂增强增韧复相陶瓷是新的发展趋势。     

包覆法添加烧结助剂制备A12O3／SiCp复相陶瓷

通过包覆的方法将烧结助剂Y2O3均匀地加入到陶瓷粉体中,用无压烧结制备Al2O3-SiC。复相陶瓷材料。在A12O3／SiC混合粉体上覆一层Y(OH)3后,素坯结构均匀,且有利于提高素坯致密性。在较佳条件下,材料的相对密度和强度分别达到96.8％和364MPa。     

Fabrication, property characterization and toughening mechanism of HA-ZrO2(CaO)/316L fibre composite biomaterials

HA-ZrO₂(CaO)/316L fibre composites were successfully fabricated with vacuum sintering method and their properties and toughening mechanism were studied. The results showed that HA-ZrO₂(CaO)/316L fibre biocomposite having 20 vol% fibres had optimal comprehensive properties with bending strength, Young’s modulus, fracture toughness and relative density equal to 140.1 MPa, 117.8 GPa, 5.81 MPa·m^1/2 and 87.1%, respectively. The research also addressed that different volume ratios of the composites led to different metallographic microstructures, and that metallographic morphologies change regularly with volume ratios of the composites. 316L fibres were distributed randomly and evenly in the composites and the integration circumstance of the two phases was very well since there were no obvious flaws or pores in the composites. Two toughening mechanisms including ZrO₂ phase transformation toughening mechanism and fibre pulling-out toughening mechanism existed in the compsites with the latter being the main toughening mechanism. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50604017) and the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University     

Toughening mechanism of lined Al2O3-ZrO2 multiphase ceramics in SHS composite pipes

1. IntroductionEngineering ceramics is known worldwide becauseof its high operating temperature, corrosion resistanceand wear resistance. The ceramics-lined compositepipes are widely researched for their extensiveprospects in engineering application. The …     

氧化铝基陶瓷材料增韧研究现状及其发展方向

陶瓷的韧性是陶瓷材料研究领域的核心问题 ,氧化铝陶瓷材料的脆性极大地限制了该项材料的推广应用 .为了减小Al2 O3 基陶瓷材料的脆性 ,除了采用先进的制备工艺外 ,人们研究了许多增韧的手段 :氧化锆相变增韧 ;纳米技术增韧 ;晶须和纤维增韧 ;颗粒弥散增韧 ;复合增韧 ;表面改性增韧等 ,详细探讨了近年来氧化铝陶瓷材料的增韧研究现状和今后的发展方向 .     

The Strengthening and Toughening Mechanism of Fe-Al/Al2O3 Composite Material

By means of different checks and measures, we obserced and analysed the microstructure of Fe-Al/ Al2O3 composite material, We found that not only intragranular nanostructure grains and rod-like crystals but also fine-grained structure of the composite material as well as the bridging of the Fe-Al intermetallics compound contribute to the material＇s strength and toughness, It is shoun that the strengthening and toughening of the Fe- Al/ Al2O3 composite is the joint effect of a multiplicute strengthening and tougheniug mechanism.     

纳米TiC对Si3N4基复合陶瓷材料性能和微观结构的影响

用热压法制备了纳米TiC增韧补强的Si₃N₄基复合陶瓷材料,研究了不同TiC含量对复合陶瓷材料力学性能与微观结构的影响.结果表明：纳米TiC颗粒的添加对复合材料的力学性能的提高是有利的,当纳米TiC的质量分数为15%时,复合材料具备较优的力学性能,其抗弯强度、断裂韧性、HV硬度分别达到895MPa,8.03MPa.m1/2,15.06GPa;不同尺寸的Si₃N₄晶粒形成双峰结构,有利于复合材料性能的提高;其断裂机制为沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂的混合类型.     

The Microstructure and Gelling Mechanism of Thermo-responsive Chitosan Hydrogel System

Thermo-respansive chitosan hydrogel system （TRCHS） was prepared and its mierostructure was investigated by scaning electron microscope （SEM） and mercury intrusion poremaster （MIP）. Based on analyzing the data, a special porosity property was reported at the first time. Its gelling mechanism was studied by a group of contrast experiments. Results may provide experimental and theoretical supports for how to apply it on tissue engineering scaffold and how to influeuee or control its essential properties.     

Effect of heat treatment method on microstructure of tailings glass ceramics

A Cao-Mgo-Al2O3-SiO2 quaternary system was established with the main crystal phase design based on Diopside, and the effect of once-through sintering heat treatment on microstructure of iron railings glass ceramics was studied by using DTA, SEM along with measurement of microhardness and volume density. The experimental results show that, when the total amount of FeO and Fe2O3 exceeds 10wt%, a large number of fine nuclei are produced in the annealing process, and the phenomenon of nucleus resorption happens during the process of nucleation heat treatment, which is unfavorable for preparing iron tailings glass ceramics through once-through sintering method. When the annealing temperature from 1250 ℃ to 830 ℃, setting crystallization time for 4h, without heat treatment, crystals are well grown with arrangement and interlocking in glass phase. At 830 ℃ the crystals are well developed, well distributed and of good size; with crystallization time of 4 h the crystals with radial shape have high content and regular arrangement.     

The Microstructure and Performance of a Cement Matrix Composite Material

Through the DSC , XRD , SEM and other experimental methods , the microstructure characteristics of reactive powder concrete( RPC ) are discussed, The results show that RPC has a super high perfomance because of its lower ratio of water-binder, high pock density , optimum hydration products mixture and being strengthened by steel fiber. The high performance results from the special hydration microstructure of RPC, and its superperformance can be well explained by the centrum partile hypothesis.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备BST/MgO复合陶瓷的结构研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了未掺杂和掺Mg的钛酸锶钡的干凝胶和陶瓷。经DSC/TG、XRD以及SEM研究观察表明:BST干凝胶在500℃开始晶化,700℃晶化完全。BST/MgO陶瓷的烧结温度为1 300℃。在1 300℃烧结后,陶瓷中只有钙钛矿一个相,不含有任何杂相,说明了Mg2+完全进入了晶格,并且取代的是B位离子Ti4+。随着MgO掺杂含量的增加,BST/MgO陶瓷的晶粒先得到细化,而后开始增大,气孔率不断降低。