杂凝聚法制备纳米复相陶瓷材料的微观组织及增韧机理研究

采用杂凝聚法制备了Al2O3-ZrO2（n）纳米复相陶瓷粉体,对经SPS烧结成型的纳米复相陶瓷材料块体进行了微观组织韧化机理的试验研究.研究表明,Al2O3-ZrO2（n）陶瓷中由于ZrO2的添加,改变了Al2O3的晶粒形状,提高了材料的致密度,并细化了晶粒;其微观组织为典型的晶内/晶界混合型纳米复相陶瓷,其中不规则的ZrO2团聚体主要存在于Al2O3的多晶粒相交的晶界处,一些细小、分散的球状ZrO2纳米颗粒（70-200 nm）分布在Al2O3晶粒内部.由于基体晶粒的细化以及因其形成的“内晶型”纳米结构,提高了基体的力学性能.研究认为,Al2O3-ZrO2（n）纳米复相陶瓷力学性能的改变是由于纳米粒子的增韧机制、ZrO2相变增韧机制和“内晶型”结构共同作用的结果.     

Al2O3/(W, Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料的力学性能与强韧化机理

采用纳米和亚微米级的α-Al2O3,以及微米级的(W,Ti)C粉体为原料,制备了Al2O3/(W,Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料.在基体Al2O3含有体积分数为11%的纳米Al2O3时复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最优,其抗弯强度、断裂韧性和硬度分别为840 MPa,6.55 MPa·m1/2和20.1 GPa.TEM实验表明,纳米颗粒的加入明显抑止了基体晶粒的长大,形成了典型的骨架结构,材料的断裂方式为沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂的混合.内晶型和晶间型第二相颗粒产生的残余应力场、断裂模式的改变和晶粒细化强化促进了复合材料抗弯强度和断裂韧性的提高.     

热压ZrO2／MoSi2复合材料的强韧化效果与机制

用纳米尺寸的ZrO2粒子对MoSi的增韧补强效果及其作用机制进行了初步研究和探讨,结果证明：不含Y2O3稳定剂的ZrO2颗粒对MoSi的增韧效果显著,而含Y2O3稳定剂的ZrO2颗粒的增韧效果有限,前者的增韧机制主要以微裂纹增韧为主,致使室温断裂强度有所降低;后者主要是应力诱发的相变增韧为主,故断裂韧性与强度同时得到了提高,断口分析表明：复合材料中ZrO2粒子使MoSi2的断裂模式从穿晶型向准解理穿晶或沿晶型“碎化”断裂模式转变,这种断裂模式的转变与断理解韧性的提高相对应,另外还发现：应力诱发相变增韧效果有限可能与基体晶粒较粗以及纳米粒子在热压过程中的团聚长大有关。     

再烧结Al2TiO5-ZrO2复合材料的性能研究

在钛酸铝粉体中分别引入2%,5%、8%的纳米ZrO2粉体,经1350℃,1400℃,1450℃,1500℃烧结获得Al2TiO5-ZrO2复相材料,对获得的Al2TiO5-ZrO2复合材料破碎再烧结进行性能研究,结果表明：再烧结Al2TiO5-ZrO2复相材料钛酸铝晶粒发育更加完全,经1500℃再烧结的试样抗热震性能明显提高.     

微纳米复相陶瓷超声振动磨削表面微观特性的试验研究

结合磨削表面X射线衍射定性分析与定量计算,研究了“晶内型”微-纳米复相陶瓷材料超声振动磨削表面层与基体之间的过渡层的微观结构.X射线衍射分析表明:二维振动磨削和普通磨削表面均以α-Al2O3和四方相ZrO2为主,存在少量的单斜相ZrO2,磨削表面无非晶相产生;磨削表层和基体之间的过渡层的X射线衍射峰具有半峰宽化现象,磨...     

纳米Ni_3Al/Al_2O_3复合陶瓷的制备及性能

利用氢电弧等离子体法制备了纳米Ni3Al金属间化合物,并以此为弥散相,以氧化铝为基体,采用热压烧结工艺在1 450℃下制得纳米Ni3Al/Al2O3复合陶瓷,并研究其力学性能和微观结构。结果表明:加入纳米Ni3Al的复合陶瓷断裂韧性比纯氧化铝陶瓷有了明显提高,当加入质量分数5%纳米Ni3Al时,断裂韧性最高达12.1 MPa.m1/2。利用扫描电子显微镜观察试样的断口形貌,分析陶瓷的微观结构发现:随着纳米Ni3Al含量的增加,片状晶数量逐渐降低,说明纳米Ni3Al质量分数的加入抑制了片晶的生长。     

Al-Si合金Al2O3-ZrO2微弧氧化涂层生长机理研究

为了解决Al2O3微弧氧化层不能满足Al-Si合金使用要求的问题,采用微弧氧化法在Al-Si合金表面制备了Al2O3-ZrO2复合膜层,通过SEM、XRD分析测试手段研究膜层的微观表面形貌、组织结构和相组成.结果显示:微弧氧化初期,陶瓷层生长速率较快且反应速率稳定,反应后期陶瓷层生长速率减缓;陶瓷层微观表面形貌比较均匀,有部分放电微孔和裂纹;陶瓷层与金属基体呈犬牙状交错结合;陶瓷层的主要相组成是t-ZrO2、α?Al2O3、m-ZrO2、γ?Al2O3,其中t-ZrO2为膜层主晶相.并根据实验结果研究了微弧氧化涂层的生长机理.     

Al2O3对PbTe微观结构和热电性能的影响

为研究Al2O3对PbTe微观结构和热电性能的影响,在Tl0.02Pb0.98Te材料中添加纳米Al2O3粉末,用高能球磨加热压方法制备了Tl0.02Pb0.98Te样品,并对样品进行实验分析。结果表明:添加纳米Al2O3粉末有效地强化了样品高温机械性能;同时,纳米Al2O3颗粒弥散分布在晶界,阻止热压过程中晶粒长大,使晶粒尺寸降低了约50倍;晶粒细化后界面增多,能更好地散射长波长声子;由于晶格热导率降低了约20%,Tl0.02Pb0.98Te(Al2O3)0.06样品的ZT在723 K时达到1.3。     

ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体中ZrO2的晶相和晶粒尺寸对Ni基催化剂性能的影响

用沉积-沉淀和溶胶-凝胶等法在扩孔后的Al2O3基载体上分别制备了不同ZrO2晶相和品粒尺寸的负载型纳米ZrO2／Al2O3复合载体，并用浸渍法制备了Ni／ZrO2／Al2O3．考察了纳米ZrO2品型结构和品粒尺寸对CO2重整CH4催化剂Ni／ZrO2／Al2O3的性能影响．结果表明，四方相ZrO2（t—ZrO2）有利于提高催化剂的表面吸附性能和催化剂的稳定性，同时t-ZrO2晶粒尺寸越小，活性物种的分散度越高，催化剂的活性好．     

掺杂对Al_2O_3/TiAl复合材料性能的影响

本研究采用Ti-Al-TiO2-La2O3体系,通过热压烧结工艺原位合成了Al2O3/TiAl复合材料.借助X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析研究了材料的物相组成和微观组织结构,同时分别将掺杂La2O3和掺杂Fe2O3对合成Al2O3/TiAl复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响进行了对比.结果表明:掺杂La2O3合成的Al2O3/TiAl复合材料基体尺寸相对掺杂Fe2O3合成产物较小,分散更加均匀,致密度更高.当La2O3掺杂量为3.93wt%时,Al2O3/TiAl复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最大值,分别为701.95MPa和7.79MPa·m1/2.由于稀土氧化物具有对基体和增强颗粒的净化,细化晶粒等作用,因此提高了TiAl基体与Al2O3增强颗粒结合强度,所以掺杂La2O3合成材料的力学性能相比掺杂Fe2O3合成的产物较高.     

Toughening mechanism of lined Al2O3-ZrO2 multiphase ceramics in SHS composite pipes

1. IntroductionEngineering ceramics is known worldwide becauseof its high operating temperature, corrosion resistanceand wear resistance. The ceramics-lined compositepipes are widely researched for their extensiveprospects in engineering application. The …     

Transformation toughening of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics with residual compressive stress

With the help of scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the relationships of microstructure characteristics, phase assemblage, and fracture micrograph of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics were studied. Compared with monolithic Al2O3/ZrO2 ceramics, the existence of surface compressive stresses greatly restrained the growth of ZrO2 and Al2O3 grains at high sinter tem- perature, fined the grain size, and increased the content of metastable t-ZrO2, which made the fracture transformation energy quantity 70% higher than that of the monolithic ceramics. The trans-granular and inter-granular fracture features were observed in the surface and center layers, which further verified that transformation toughening is the main mechanism, whereas, micro-crack toughening is helpful for enhancing fracture toughness.     

ZrO＿2—20wt％Al_2O_3陶瓷复合材料显微结构的TEM研究

用透射电镜研究了（ＺｒＯ２＋ｘｍｏｌ％Ｙ２Ｏ３）－２０ｗｔ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷复合材料的显微结构，发现在Ｙ２Ｏ３含量为２．０ｍｏｌ％～２．５ｍｏｌ％成分下，较大的（可达１μｍ）未转变颗粒仅限于嵌在Ａｌ２Ｏ３晶内的ＺｒＯ２（ｔ），当Ｙ２Ｏ３含量为３．０ｍｏｌ％时不嵌在Ａｌ２Ｏ３晶内的ＺｒＯ２（ｔ）颗粒（可达１．３μｍ）也可保持四方相结构。因此３．０ｍｏｌ％Ｙ２Ｏ３成分下四方相的急增及其最佳相交增韧效果归因于基体弹性模量的增加和适量稳定剂（Ｙ２Ｏ３）加入的共同作用结果。     

（Y—ZrO_2）－Al_2O_3陶瓷（AZ）的摩擦磨损

通过ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ和ＸＲＤ等手段对以Ｙ２Ｏ３为稳定剂ＺｒＯ２增韧的Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷复合材料的显微结构、力学性能及与钢对摩时的摩擦磨损行为进行了系统分析，并对其微观机理做了初步探讨．结果表明，转移层的出现对对摩材料起到了保护作用；ＺｒＯ２的加入提高了材料的耐磨性能，但摩擦高温会导致ＺｒＯ２ｔ→ｍ相交增韧作用失效．     

Mechanical Properties of ZrO_2 Ceramic Stabilized by Y_2O_3 and CeO_2

ZrO2 ceramic was made from evenly dispersed ( Y, Ce)-ZrO2 powder with different compositions , which was prepared by the chemical coprecipitation, and stabilized by compound additions through appropriate techniques. And its mechanical property that is related to the phase content and its microstructwe was studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD) , scan electron microscope( SEM). The results show that Y2O3 has stronger inhibition to the growth of ZrO2 crystal than CeO2 has. Therefore, within an appropriate composition range of Y2 O3 and CeO2, the higher the content of Y2O3, the lower the content of CeO2 , the smaller ZrO2 crystal. Combining this feature and the stabilization technique with complex additions instead of simple addition, ZrO2 ceramic with high density and excellent mechanical properties can be made under normal conditions. It is concluded that the improvement of mechanical properties originates from the toughening of microcrack, phase transformation and the effect of grain e-vulsions.     

Al2O3/(W, Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料的力学性能与强韧化机理

采用纳米和亚微米级的α-Al₂O₃,以及微米级的(W,Ti)C粉体为原料,制备了Al₂O₃/(W,Ti)C纳米复合陶瓷材料.在基体Al₂O₃含有体积分数为11%的纳米Al₂O₃时复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最优,其抗弯强度、断裂韧性和硬度分别为840MPa,6.55MPa·m^1/2和20.1GPa.TEM实验表明,纳米颗粒的加入明显抑止了基体晶粒的长大,形成了典型的骨架结构,材料的断裂方式为沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂的混合.内晶型和晶间型第二相颗粒产生的残余应力场、断裂模式的改变和晶粒细化强化促进了复合材料抗弯强度和断裂韧性的提高.     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glass-ceramics

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glasses with different nucleating agents were crystallized under special processing schedule. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and three-point bending method. The results show that ZrO2 is not an effective nucleating agent in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system, while TiO2 is effective for the separation of spinel, and P2O5 facilitates solubility of ZrO2 in glass and crystallization. The main crystalline phases of the glass-ceramics are spinel, anorthite and tetragonal zirconia. With the increase of ZrO2 content in the glass, glass-ceramics show higher bending strength （120 MPa） than others.     

用悬浮液干燥法制备CeO2包覆的ZrO2粉体

讨论了用一种新的表面改性技术制备Al2O3掺杂、CeO2包覆ZrO2纳米粉体的方法。在水-乙醇溶剂中,干燥硝酸铈和单斜相二氧化锆粉体的悬浮液经800℃热分解,可以制备出粒度小于100 nm的Al2O3掺杂、CeO2包覆的单斜相ZrO2粉体。该粉体可以在空气中和1 450℃下无压烧结成致密化Ce-TZP材料,具有KIC=11 MPa m1/2的良好断裂韧性和HV30=750 kg/mm2的硬度。     

常压烧结与微波烧结ZTA陶瓷性能

选择Al2 O3 -ZrO2 系统 ,采用微波烧结及常压烧结两种工艺 ,分别对ZTA陶瓷的力学性能和摩擦性能进行了测试比较 ,简单分析了影响ZTA陶瓷摩擦性能的主要因素 ,微波烧结使陶瓷的烧结温度降低 ,致密度提高 ,摩擦因数增大 ,磨损量减小     

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of self-reinforced Si3N4 ceramics containing high oxynitride glass

Self-reinforced Si3N4 ceramics containing high oxynitride glass have been fabricated by the control of microstructure evolution and β-SiaN4 grain growth. The effects of the size distribution of the elongated β-Si3N4 grains, and the β-SiaN4 grain growth as well as the oxynitride glass chemical characteristic on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The experimental results show that the β-Si3N4 grains in high oxynitride glass grow to elongated rod-like crystals and form the stereo-network structure. Under the sintering conditions of 1800℃ and 60 rain, a quite uniform microstructure with an average aspect ratio of 6.5 and an average of 1 I.tm can be obtained. A large amount of oxynitride glass phase with high nitrogen content enhances the elevated temperature fracture toughness because of its high softening temperature and high viscosity. In the present material, the crack deflection and pullout of the elongated rod-like β-SiN4 grains are the primary toughening mechanisms.