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 共查询到12条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
用光散射在线采集与分析方法完成了熔融混炼过程中非相容高分子共混物的形态结构分析。选择了聚苯乙烯/顺丁橡胶合金体系;使用了小角前向光散射和小角背散射(在线)技术,用Debye-Bueche光散射理论的结构参数如相关距离ac、平均弦长l、旋转半径Rg和积分不变量Q表征了共混物中分散相尺度和均匀性,讨论了合金体系的相容性。用扫描电子显微镜测定了共混物中分散相尺寸,并与光散射的结果进行了比较。ac、l和Rg的变化规律与显微镜的结果是一致的。用积分不变量Q研究了共混物的均匀性。  相似文献   

2.
采用X光小角散射法研究了聚苯乙烯/顺丁橡胶合金体系的相结构及相容性。用Debye-Bueche光散射理论的结构参数,如相关距离ac.平均弦长l、旋转半径Rg和积分不变量Q等表征了合金中分散相的尺度及其分布在连续相中的均匀性,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)定量测定了合金中分散相尺寸的大小和尺寸分布。结果表明:上述各光散射结构参数均可以在纳米尺度范围内表征合金体系的相结构,积分不变量Q可以表征合金体系相结构的均匀性。聚苯乙烯(PS)/颐丁橡胶(PB)合金是典型的不相容体系,无论PB还是PS处于稀相时均不呈现分子分散。  相似文献   

3.
用挤出-注塑方法制备了SMA增容PPO/PA66塑料合金。用SEM、DSC研究了PPO/PA66=30.70、50/50、70/30(质量)共混物的相形态和PA66结晶结构随SMA用量(Cs)的变化。结果表明,在Cs=0-10%(质量)范围内,SMA能使富PA66和等配比共混物中的粒子细化、界面粘接改善,对于等配比共混物作用更明显;也能使富PPO共混物由两相共连续转变为酶(PA66)-岛(PPO)结构,获得PPO粒子精细分散的相形态;富PPO共混物中PA66结晶度Cs的先降低后升高,是与相形态发生的上述变化相关联和互为印证的。  相似文献   

4.
PP/EPDM共混物光稳定性研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过紫外光加速老化的方法对PP/EPDM共混物的耐光老化性能进行了研究,主要考察了EPDM质量分数、抗氧剂和紫外光吸收剂对其光稳定性的影响.经过对光老化前后的样品表面微观结构及其性能进行毛细管流变、DMA、SEM和力学性能分析,实验结果表明:EPDM能在一定程度上提高PP的光稳定性,抗氧剂和紫外吸收剂的加入又能进一步提高PP及其共混物的光稳定性.  相似文献   

5.
Pressed films of blends of polypropylene with poly(cis-butadiene) rubbers (PcBR) or grafted copolymer of ethyl acrylate (EA) onto PcBR (PcBR-g-EA) was examined by IR spectra, small angle X-ray scattering, small angle laser scatering (SALS), and scanning election microscopy (SEM). The problem of isomerization on PcBR (or PP/PcBR) is discussed by melt mixing (at a temperature of 180°C) using IR. X-ray scatering from the relation of phase was analyzed using Porod's law and led to the values of the interface layer of the blends. With increasing content of rubber, the interface layer thickness (σb) had a maximum value at 60/40 (PP/PcBR-g-EA) for the blends. The invariant (Q) was calculated and the relation of Q with σb was calculated using Debye-Buech statistical theory, and the average chord length (l) was obtained by Porod's definition of blends. The morphology and structure of the blends were investigated by SEM. The phase separation of the blends was found by SALS. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 2265–2272, 1997  相似文献   

6.
The thermal property and hydrogen bonding in polymer blends of poly(vinylphenol) (PVPh) and poly(hydroxylether of bisphenol A) (phenoxy) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). This PVPh/phenoxy blend shows single composition-dependent glass transition temperature over the entire compositions, indicating that the hydrogen bonding exists between the hydroxyl of PVPh and hydroxyl of phenoxy. The negative T g deviation of the PVPh/phenoxy blend indicates the strong intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction. The inter-association constant for the PVPh/phenoxy blend is significantly higher than self-association constants of PVPh and phenoxy, revealing that the tendency toward hydrogen bonding between PVPh and phenoxy is more favorable than the intra-hydrogen bonding of the PVPh and phenoxy in the blend.  相似文献   

7.
The lamellar morphology of a melt-miscible blend consisting of random poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(HB-co-HV)) copolymer containing 10 mol% HV units and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) prepared by solution casting films have been investigated by means of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscope (POM). The composition dependence of the amorphous layer thickness (la), and the volume fraction of the P(HB-co-HV) lamellar stack (φs) revealed that the interfibrillar segregation morphology was generated, where the extent of interfibrillar segregation of PMMA increased with increasing PMMA content. The Lorentz-corrected SAXS profiles of the blends crystallized at Tc=40 C has observed “zero-angle scattering”, attributed to the electron density contrast between the lamellar stack domains consisting of alternating crystalline/amorphous layers and the PMMA-rich domains located outside the lamellar stack domains.  相似文献   

8.
研究了熔融共混法制备的不同共混比的等规聚丙烯(iPP)/顺丁橡胶(PcBR)合金的结晶特性及抗冲击性能。结果显示,随着(?)(PcBR)从0增至40%,iPP球晶的完整程度逐渐下降,球晶间的边界模糊化,球晶不断细化; PcBR的加入诱导了iPP的β晶型生成,其含量的增加导致合金中的微晶尺寸减小,晶面间距值基本不变,而长周期则明显增加;同时,合金的结晶峰所对应的温度有所升高,结晶速率明显增大,而相对结晶度减小,PcBR对iPP的结晶起到异相成核剂的作用;PcBR对iPP有显著的增韧效果。  相似文献   

9.
The lamellar morphology of a melt-miscible blend consisting of two crystalline constituents, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) have been investigated by means of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The blend was a crystalline/amorphous system when temperatures lay between the melting point of PEO (ca. T m PEO=60C) and that of PHB (ca. T m PHB=170C), while it became a crystalline/crystalline system below T m PEO. The crystalline microstructures of the blends were induced by two types of crystallization history, i.e. one-step and two-step crystallizations. In the one-step crystallization, the blends were directly quenched from the melt to room temperature to allow simultaneous PHB and PEO crystallization. The two-step crystallization involved first cooling to 70C to allow PHB crystallization for 72 h followed by cooling to room temperature (ca. 19C) to allow PEO crystallization. In the crystalline/crystalline state, two scattering peaks have been observed in the Lorentz-corrected SAXS profiles, irrespective of the crystallization histories, meaning that crystallization created separate PHB and PEO lamellar stack domains. One-step crystallization yielded lamellar stack domains containing almost pure PHB and PEO lamellae. Two-step crystallization generated almost pure PHB lamellar domains and the PEO lamellar domains with inserted PHB lamellae. In the crystalline/amorphous state, the composition dependence of the amorphous layer thickness (l a), the presence of zero-angle scattering, and the volume fraction of the PHB lamellar stack (s) revealed that both one-step and two-step crystallizations, generated the interfibrillar segregation morphology, where the extent of interfibrillar segregation of amorphous PEO increased with increasing PEO content.  相似文献   

10.
The formulas of polymer melt velocity, shearing rate, and shearing stress in simple shearing flow under the vibration force field were established. Based on the concept of an energy ratio model, the rate of energy dissipation and the energy ratio for blending systems are expressed theoretically. The calculated and analytical results of both the dynamic flow field and energy ratio show that with the increasing of vibration strength the fluctuating shearing force field exerted on polymer melt and the negative pressure diffusion behavior of instantaneous impulse strengthen. The energy consumption for phase inversion of immiscible polymer blends under the vibration force field is less than that of steady state. The parameter controllability of the vibration force field provides a more effective method for realizing phase inversion of immiscible polymer blends.  相似文献   

11.
The morphology of isothermally crystallized poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and a blend combining it with high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) were observed through a polarized optical microscope equipped with a CSS450 hot-stage. The crystalline superstructure of PPS is mainly spherulite, and it was found that the presence of HIPS has little influence on the morphology of PPS, but decreases the nucleation rate of PPS. The effect of HIPS on the non-isothermal crystallization of PPS was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The maximum and onset crystallization temperatures for the HIPS/PPS blend were about 10°C lower than those of neat PPS, which indicates that the crystallization of PPS was retarded by HIPS. The Ozawa model was used to analyze the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of PPS and its blends. The Avrami exponent values of neat PPS were higher than those of its blend, which shows that the presence of HIPS changed both the nucleation rate and the crystallization rate of PPS.  相似文献   

12.
《国际聚合物材料杂志》2012,61(1-2):301-314
Abstract

Investigation has been made on the effects of fullerenes C60 and C70 on the degradation of PMMA and PS under helium and oxygen by a DSC method. The dependences of the temperature of the onset of the thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of the polymers on concentration of C60 and C70 have been obtained. The temperature limits of effective inhibition of the polymers by fullerenes have been determined. The temperature limit depends on the chemical structure of polymer, namely it is considerably greater in the degradation of more stable polymer. In the thermo-oxidative degradation of the polymers with addition of fullerenes, the temperature limit of inhibition of less stable PS is much less and of more stable PMMA is considerably greater than that in the presence of well-known antioxidants. It was concluded that fullerenes are more effective high temperature inhibitors of the thermo-oxidative degradation of PMMA than well-known antioxidants. The suggestion was made that the thermo-oxidative degradation of polymers initiates the oxidation of fullerenes.  相似文献   

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