回流污泥预浓缩强化新型氧化沟系统生物除磷的研究(英文)

A pilot-scale,pre-anoxic-anaerobic oxidation ditch was used in this study to treat municipal wastewater with limited carbon source.A novel return activated sludge(RAS) pre-concentration tank was adopted for improv-ing the phosphorus removal efficiency and the effects of RAS pre-concentration ratio were studied.Under the opti-mal operational condition,the suspended total phosphorus(STP) and the total phosphorus(TP) removal efficiencies were around 58.9% and 63.9% respectively and the effluent-P was lower than 0.8 mg·L-1.The reason is that with the optimal RAS pre-concentration ratio,nitrate is completely removed with endogenous carbon source and the secondary phosphorus release is strictly restrained in the pre-anoxic tank.Therefore,the anaerobic phosphorus release and the carbon source uptake by phosphorus accumulation organisms(PAOs) in the sludge,which are ex-tremely important to the phosphorus removal process,can be fully satisfied.Furthermore,the oxidation-reduction potential is proved to be suitable for controlling the RAS pre-concentration ratio due to influent fluctuation and varied conditions.The novel modified system is also beneficial for PAO accumulation.     

活性污泥法脱氮除磷工艺的优化设计

利用活性污泥2D模型对城市污水厂脱氮除磷工艺进行优化设计,构建A²/O工艺的仿真模型,通过模型校正对工艺参数进行优化,并将优化设计与传统设计法和试算法进行比较。结果表明,优化模型得出的模拟结果与实验测定值基本相吻合。优化设计法得出的污水厂基建费用和运行成本与其他两种方法相比,都有了很大的降低,虽然出水水质略有下降,但仍满足国家排放一级B标准。活性污泥2D模型可以对污水厂进行优化设计和控制。在满足出水水质前提下,降低污水厂的费用,并对以后的工艺设计提供理论指导。     

改性活性炭除砷研究进展

砷一直以来是我国优先控制的污染物,随着现代化的高速发展,水中砷污染问题愈演愈烈。如何高效,环保的去除水中的砷是一个重要的研究方向。相比于传统方法投资费用高,二次污染严重等缺点,日前新兴起的对活性炭进行改性来除砷效果显著。对近些年处理水中砷的方法进行了简单综述,并进行了总结与展望。     

城镇污水采用活性污泥法除磷脱氮工艺探讨

近年来,随着洗涤剂的广泛使用,废水中氮、磷的含量明显增加,引起水体富营养化加剧,因此,必须有效提高城镇污水处理厂氮和磷的去除。对多种除磷脱氮的活性污泥法,包括氧化沟工艺。A^2／O工艺、UCT工艺等,进行比较与分析,结果表明,UCT工艺比较适合除磷脱氮要求较高的污水处理厂应用。     

污泥回流比对A2/O工艺脱氮除磷效果的影响

污泥回流比作为活性污泥法设计与运行的参数已显示出比其它参数更加重要.试验以实际生活污水、生产废水为对象,考察污泥回流比对系统有机污染物去除效果的影响以及污泥特性的变化.试验结果表明:污泥回流比为80％时系统总体脱氮除磷效果最好,CODCr、NH3-N、TN、TP的去除率分别为92％、98％、81％、94％.在此条件下,...     

剩余活性污泥碱性发酵液用于厌氧交替好氧-缺氧序批式反应器生物除磷脱氮的碳源的研究(英文)

Activated sludge process has been widely used to remove phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewater. However, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal is sometimes unsatisfactory due to the low influent COD. Another problem with the activated sludge process is that large amount of waste activated sludge is produced, which needs further treatment. In this study, the waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid was used as the main carbon source for phosphorus and nitrogen removal under anaerobic followed by alternating aerobic-anoxic conditions, and the results were compared with those using acetic acid as the carbon source. The use of alkaline fermentation liquid not only affected the transformations of phosphorus, nitrogen, intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates and glycogen, but also led to higher removal efficiencies for phosphorus and nitrogen compared with acetic acid. It was observed that ammonium was completely removed with either alkaline fermentation liquid or acetic acid as the carbon source. However, the former resulted in higher removal efficiencies for phosphorus (95%) and nitrogen (82%), while the latter showed lower ones (87% and 74%, respectively). The presence of a large amount of propionic acid in the alkaline fermentation liquid was one possible reason for its higher phosphorus removal efficiency. Exogenous instead of endogenous denitrification was the main pathway for nitrogen removal with the alkaline fermentation liquid as the carbon source, which was responsible for its higher nitrogen removal efficiency. It seems that the alkaline fermentation liquid can replace acetic acid as the carbon source for phosphorus and nitrogen removal in anaerobic followed by alternating aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor.     

重金属在城市污水处理中的去除机理

由于重金属的毒性及致癌性,受重金属污染水体备受关注,去除水体中的重金属势在必行。活性污泥作为一种生物吸附剂,在处理低浓度重金属废水应用中前景广泛。以活性污泥为核心的城市污水处理厂在有效去除有机物的同时,对重金属也有一定的去除能力。通过综述城市污水系统中重金属迁变特性的最新研究,分析了活性污泥处理重金属废水的优越性、国内外污水处理厂对重金属的去除效果,推导出活性污泥去除重金属的可能机理,最后展望了城市污水处理厂去除重金属的前景和发展方向。     

寡毛类蠕虫污泥减量工艺及其生长规律的研究进展

对近年来寡毛类蠕虫污泥减量工艺和寡毛类蠕虫生长繁殖规律的研究进展进行了系统评述. 除了种属以外,寡毛类蠕虫在活性污泥系统中的稳定存在、生长和繁殖直接影响到其对活性污泥的捕食和削减能力,其生长繁殖规律受到底物性质、环境因素、种群密度等因素影响. 现有研究大多采用表观污泥产率系数来衡量寡毛类蠕虫污泥减质效果,该方法易受到活性污泥工艺中多种因素的影响,且忽略了蠕虫对活性污泥的浓缩、团聚作用,不能准确反映寡毛类蠕虫的污泥减质效果. 而同位素示踪方法为寡毛类蠕虫污泥减质效果评价、筛选适于活性污泥系统的寡毛类蠕虫种属提供了一条新途径. 寡毛类蠕虫具有改善活性污泥沉降的性能,亦可考虑将其应用于污泥减容.