Radionuclide Sequential Extraction from Reservoir R-17 Bottom Sediments of the Mayak Production Association

Radiochemistry - The extraction parameters and speciation of 137Cs and 241Am in bottom sediments of reservoir R-17 of the Mayak Production Assocation were studied. The extraction was performed with...     

Sorption of Pu(IV) in the polymeric colloidal form on rock typical of Mayak Production Association area

Sorption of colloids of polymeric Pu from simulated groundwater on a rock typical of Mayak Production Association area was studied. In 20 days, polymeric Pu with the particle size exceeding 220 nm is 99% sorbed by the rock with the distribution coefficient K _d = 1880. Desorption performed for 5 days allows no more than 40% of the sorbed Pu to be transferred into the solution, even with such strong complexing agents as 0.05 M hydroxyethylidenediphosphonic acid in 0.1 M HNO₃ and 0.1 M Tamm solution.     

ISM-S Sorbent: Properties and Tests in a Sorption Process for Treatment of Water from Accumulating Basin of the Mayak Production Association To Remove 90Sr

ISM-S hydrated oxide sorbent, showing the most promise for strontium sorption, and its analog ISM-SP were studied under static and dynamic conditions. The optimal pH ranges for sorption (pH 6-10) and desorption (pH < 1.2) of strontium, the total exchange capacities for strontium of various forms of the sorbent, and the dependences of the degree of strontium sorption on concentrations of supporting electrolytes were determined. The limiting stage of sorption, rate constants of ion exchange, diffusion coefficients, and calculated and experimental exchange half-times were determined in kinetic experiments. Based on these data, the optimal productive capacity of the ion-exchange apparatus was suggested: up to 30 and up to 25 column volumes per hour with ISM-SP and ISM-S, respectively. Rig trials of a sorption process for treatment of water from accumulating basin to remove ^{9 0}Sr were performed. The working installation included a mechanical filter and two series-connected sorption columns (h : d = 10 : 1) packed with ISM-SP (V = 3.5 l). In the course of the tests, more than 7 m³ of the surface layers of radioactively contaminated water with the initial ⁹⁰Sr activity of about 3.0 × 10^{- 8} Ci l^{- 1} and total hardness of 4.5-5.4 mg-equiv l^{- 1} was treated, with the ⁹⁰Sr content being reduced to the level of 10UVwater according to NRB-99 (UV, interference level; NRB, radiation safety regulations valid in Russia).     

反相高效液相色谱法分离分析水中一些阴离子

本文试验反相高效液相色谱法分离分析水中氯离子、硝酸根和硫酸根的条件,研究可能干扰、提高选择性和提高灵敏度的方法,建立应用于自来水和海水等实际样品的分离分析方法。     

Development of a process for cesium recovery from the clarified phase of high-level waste storage tanks of the Mayak Production Association with a ferrocyanide sorbent

Batch and column experiments on cesium recovery from the clarified waste of high-level waste storage tanks of the Mayak Production Association using FS-10 ferrocyanide sorbent were performed with model and real solutions. The ferrocyanide sorbent exhibits the required performance in cesium sorption from the solution, ensuring the reduction of the specific activity of the liquid radioactive waste to the values corresponding to intermediate-level waste. In operation in the sorption–desorption–regeneration cycle, 80% of the deposited cesium is removed with the desorbing solution, and the sorption characteristics of FS-10 are reproduced in the second cycle, which suggests the possibility of repeated use of the sorbent.     

面向现场生产的管理信息系统研究

分析了针对企业现场生产管理的工作流程和生产信息流;提出了面向现场的生产管理信息系统的定位及其功能模块的划分,并引入工作流思想来实现人机交互中的自动化.通过分析系统的软件架构及实现机制,给出了部分模块的应用实例.最后对系统的研发方向作了进一步的展望.     

稳定系统条件下预分解窑熟料产量的影响因素

根据预分解窑系统的特点,结合国内几家预分解窑生产线的实际生产情况,探讨了在窑炉稳定运行的条件下影响窑熟料产量的操作因素,讨论了相同窑型的窑炉用煤量、用风量以及主要设备稳定运行状况对窑熟料产量的影响,强调指出烧成系统风、煤的合理匹配以及主要设备对系统正常运转的重要性,为指导工厂的实际操作提供了参考。     

Effect of Active Raw Material Variability on Tablet Production: Physicochemical,Physiocomechanical and Pilot Plant Studies

Abstract

Batch-to-batch variation in an active raw material was evaluated following a production process change by the raw material supplier. Physicochemical and physicomechanical tests were applied and indicated that polymorphism or solvate formation was not occurring but changes in crystal properties in terms of size and degree of aggregation were involved. Other more subtle differences in crystal properties were also possible

The deleterious effect of the raw material process change on tablet production was noted and a method of overcoming the problem identified

The necessity for comprehensive? reformulation studies including physicomechanical screening is underlined. Such studies are also necessary if changes in raw material production methods occur to avoid process problems related to the marked hatch-to-batch variation that can occur in these instances     

Effect of Active Raw Material Variability on Tablet Production: Physicochemical, Physiocomechanical and Pilot Plant Studies

Batch-to-batch variation in an active raw material was evaluated following a production process change by the raw material supplier. Physicochemical and physicomechanical tests were applied and indicated that polymorphism or solvate formation was not occurring but changes in crystal properties in terms of size and degree of aggregation were involved. Other more subtle differences in crystal properties were also possible

The deleterious effect of the raw material process change on tablet production was noted and a method of overcoming the problem identified

The necessity for comprehensive? reformulation studies including physicomechanical screening is underlined. Such studies are also necessary if changes in raw material production methods occur to avoid process problems related to the marked hatch-to-batch variation that can occur in these instances     

浅谈检验在生产过程中的质量控制

检验顾名思义就是检查和验收,既要在生产过程中检查出不合格的产品,又要对已出库的产品验收,放行!在检验工作中会发现一些不合理的工艺步骤或加工方法影响产品的质量控制,使得产品生产滞后.特别是在当今社会,效益与质量并存的市场环境下,对产品的合格率和效率提出了更高的要求,因此检验工作在整个加工过程中更加体现了承上启下作用,既肩负着产品质量控制,又肩负着提出改进工艺的建议和意见的责任.     

时效工艺对汽车用6061铝合金型材压溃性能的影响

本研究采用电子万能试验机、扫描电镜等手段研究了不同时效温度(120～220℃)对汽车用6061铝合金型材塑性变形行为的影响.结果表明:当时效温度为120℃时,材料具有约22％的综合延伸率(A50),其中均匀延伸率(Ag)为20％,表现出显著的韧性断裂特征,且断口形貌中存在小部分大而深的韧窝.而当时效温度为160～180℃时,材料强度升高的同时其延伸率(A50和Ag)逐渐降低至9％以下,断口韧窝形貌特征小而浅.随着时效温度的进一步升高,材料的综合延伸率逐渐回升,而均匀延伸率则趋于稳定,两延伸率差值显著变大,拉伸试样逐渐出现强烈的颈缩现象,断口形貌则以大而深的韧窝为主.虽然高均匀延伸率的欠时效试样与出现强烈颈缩的过时效试样都表现出良好的压溃性能,但是强颈缩试样更优.     

聚酰亚胺/无机粒子复合材料制备过程中的形态控制

聚酰亚胺/无机粒子复合材料是一类具有优异综合性能的新型复合材料.综述了该类复合材料的制备方法,并概述了无机组分在聚酰亚胺中的微观形态结构控制方法,展望了聚酰亚胺/无机粒子复合材料的发展方向.     

连续无机化学敏化乳化炸药生产工艺的探讨

通过在内相材料中加入发泡促进剂,从而达到了乳化炸药快速发泡敏化的目的,同时消除了敏化的后效。     

Effect of Thermal Cycles on the Deformation State at the Crack Tip of Crystallisable Natural Rubber

Abstract: This article deals with the effect of temperature variations on crack tip kinematics in rubbers, especially in crystallising rubbers. In such materials, the high deformation level encountered at the crack tip engenders the formation of crystallites. As a consequence, the crack tip is reinforced and resists crack growth. However, this phenomenon is significantly affected by variations in material temperature. This is classically observed at the macroscopic scale in terms of crack propagation rate and path. In this study, the effect of temperature is studied at the local scale, by measuring the change in the kinematic field at the crack tip during thermal cycles. Results show that, in crystallisable natural rubber, the effect of temperature depends on the stretch ratio attained in the zone under consideration. In slightly stretched zones, the stretch ratio increases with the increase in temperature, whereas it decreases in highly stretched zones. This highlights the competition between the effects of the variations in internal energy and in entropy on the thermomechanical response. Moreover, if crystallites form in highly stretched zones, the increase in temperature leads to crystallite melting, which increases the stretch ratio. This is explained by the fact that crystallites act as fillers by concentrating the stress and therefore by increasing the apparent stiffness of the material.     

Effect of Inorganic Filler on Thermally StimulatedCurrent in Low-density Polyethylene

By measuring the thermally stimulated current (TSC) spectra at various fields in low-density polyethylene with inorganlc filler (f LDPE) and comparing with those in LDPE, we found that thelr TSC spectra shew slgnificant distinction. in virtue of analysing change of peak current,peak temperature and activation enew with pollng field, it can be depicted that the TSC in f-LDPE specimen comes from dipole relaxation of residual silanol groups on surface of filler, but the injected electrons in very high 6elds, no doubt, are captured in deeper traps, and they can not be released even near 100"C. The filler (kaolin) plays a key role in changing the TSC spectra through deep and interfacial traps existing between the filler and the polymer matrix. Whereas,the TSC spectra of LDPE specimen possess marked characteristics of electron release from traps in amorphous-crystalline or crystalline region.     

喷印工艺控制参数对水性油墨墨滴形态的影响

目的为了提高水性油墨的喷墨印刷质量,通过控制喷印工艺参数以获得良好的墨滴形态。方法分析喷印工艺控制的关键参数以及墨滴形态的表征参数,通过单因素工艺参数对墨滴形态影响的实验,分析电压、点火频率和脉冲宽度对墨滴形态各评价指标的影响程度,并运用AHP法构建墨滴形态的质量分析模型;通过多因素工艺参数组合对墨滴形态影响的正交实验,分析各工艺参数与墨滴形态参数之间的关联性,并结合质量评价模型综合评判喷印工艺参数对墨滴形态的影响。结果喷印工艺参数电压、点火频率和脉冲宽度共同影响墨滴形态的质量,脉冲宽度对其影响最大,点火频率次之,电压的影响程度最小,其权重分别为0.462,0.272,0.266。结论水性油墨喷印工艺中,通过合理地控制喷印工艺的关键参数,可以有效地提高墨滴形态质量,从而获得良好的印刷品质量。     

Effect of the Crystallization Process and Solid State Storage on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Scale-Up Lots of CI-936

N-(2,2-diphenylethyl)adenosine, designated as CI-936, is a novel, orally active antipsychotic agent. Depending on the manufacturing process, the drug substance exists in more than one crystalline form. Three lots of the drug were characterized by thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dissolution. Two of these lots were found to be crystalline while the third was amorphous. The physical properties of the crystalline forms appear to change during storage under ambient conditions. The amorphous form, inspite of being in a high energy state, was not affected by storage. The absolute bioavailability of the amorphous form in dogs is more than 90%. In contrast, the other two crystalline lots demonstrated lower and unpredictable oral absorption profiles.     

Effect of the Crystallization Process and Solid State Storage on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Scale-up Lots of CI-936

Abstract

N-(2,2-diphenylethyl)adenosine, designated as CI-936, is a novel, orally active antipsychotic agent. Depending on the manufacturing process, the drug substance exists in more than one crystalline form. Three lots of the drug were characterized by thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dissolution. Two of these lots were found to be crystalline while the third was amorphous. The physical properties of the crystalline forms appear to change during storage under ambient conditions. The amorphous form, inspite of being in a high energy state, was not affected by storage. The absolute bioavailability of the amorphous form in dogs is more than 90%. In contrast, the other two crystalline lots demonstrated lower and unpredictable oral absorption profiles.