Spatial analysis of the relationship between housing values and investments in transportation infrastructure

The relationship between residential location, location value and accessibility has been of long interest to regional scientists. Studies investigating the relationship between house price and changes in accessibility, however, have been fewer in number, and predominantly have centered upon the house price impact of fixed rail investments. Neglected have been the impacts of smaller road investments made on a regular basis by municipalities and state departments of transportation. This research therefore reports on the spatial relationship between house price and investment in road-based transportation infrastructure by combining two spatial databases, both centered on Columbus, OH. The first contains information on all single-family detached houses sold in 1990. The second contains detailed spatial and temporal information on all accessibility-changing road investments in the same area, since 1978. Results indicate that while moderate, past, current and approved (but not begun) road investments have distinct and significant impacts on house price.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Western Regional Science Association in Palm Springs, California, February 2001, and was awarded The Charles M. Tiebout Prize in Regional Science. Randall Jackson, Morton OKelly, W. Randy Smith, Donald Haurin, Frank Mittlebach, the editor and an anonymous reviewer all provided valuable comments on previous drafts. Research funding was provided by the E. Willard and Ruby S. Miller Fellowship and through the Committee on Urban Affairs at Ohio State.Received: March 2001/Accepted: November 2003     

风险评估：IT项目风险管理中首要而关键的步骤

探讨了风险评估对风险管理及IT项目管理的重要胜，提出了一个风险评估框架，对风险评估的九个方面进行了分析。     

挣值管理与风险管理集成初探

介绍了挣值法的概念、特征及其计算,分析了传统挣值管理在风险控制方面的不足,提出了挣值管理与风险管理整合的具体措施,以使风险管理与挣值管理能相互结合,从而达到更好的管理效果。     

从文化差异角度谈海外基建项目的合同管理

从文化差异的角度,对海外基建项目的合同管理进行了探讨,并结合实际工作经验,论述了中国总包企业在合同管理过程中存在的问题及需要注意的事项,同时提出了一些可行的方法和设想。     

从项目管理的角度浅谈西部地区基础设施建设

对西部大开发中基础设施建设的特点和项目管理中存在的各种问题进行了论述,提出了一系列针对西部地区基础设施建设切实可行的项目管理方法,解决了西部地区基础设施建设过程中存在的一系列难题,达到了为西部地区建设提供切实有效的项目管理目标和方法的效果。     

Flexibility of infrastructure management decisions: the case of a project expansion

Flexibility is a central element for the successful development and operation of infrastructure. In particular, it is important regarding the possibilities of modifying investment decisions through time as both the project’s internal and external conditions evolve. Therefore, flexibility opens new opportunities and allows stakeholders taking risks that may enhance the benefits derived from the operation of the system. Risky investment decisions may include, for example, the possibility of delaying the execution of a task; the possibility of abandoning the project before or after completion; or the possibility of an expansion. This paper discusses the importance of flexibility in infrastructure management and presents a model, based on a single redesign, that can be used for evaluating and implementing a mayor project expansion. At the end, two illustrative examples show the advantages of the proposed approach and the potential for the future management of large infrastructure systems.     

价值管理在项目中的应用研究

价值管理是项目管理中必不可少的一个方面。项目是有价值的,价值是质量、资源和风险的平衡。价值的标准包括价值的质量标准、客户对结果的评价两个方面。项目的价值主要来源于业务目标的完成。目标代表了能被转化成业务的机会价值的一部分。目标是组织期望的一种情形或状态,因此,价值就附带在目标的成果之中。一个项目的价值来源于它完成目标所获取的价值。策略是通向目标的途径,包括为完成目标所必需的、可实施的步骤及执行计划。目标是终点而不是到达那里的过程,策略才是这个过程。项目价值来源于目标价值,项目因其对策略的支持而获得其价值。最后,项目的价值管理已经成为了项目管理的必要组成部分,通过价值管理使相关各方收到的效用最大化,满足度达到最高,是项目管理的最高层次。     

The integration of CPM and material management in project management

The problem of scheduling a project for which expensive, long-lead inventory items have to be ordered from outside vendors is addressed. A logic aimed at minimizing the cost of such projects is presented along with an illustrative example. The logic is based on adding a material management module to the CPM analysis, evaluating the feasibility of the CPM schedule, and rescheduling the project in case long-lead items make the schedule generated by CPM infeasible. An attempt to integrate CPM and material management in a large-scale construction project is reported and possible extensions of this research are suggested.     

工程量清单计价模式下的投标策略和风险防范

分析了工程量清单计价模式下投标的意义,介绍了工程量清单计价模式下的投标策略,提出了工程量清单下完善投标策略和风险防范的措施,从而在满足控制工程质量和工期要求的前提下,控制工程造价,提高投资效益。     

Effects of project governance structures on the management of risks in major infrastructure projects: A comparative analysis

Large infrastructure construction projects are prone to risks. Using desktop review and interviews with stakeholder organizations in two major infrastructure projects (the Yi-wan Railway Construction Project in China and the Northern Gateway Toll Road (NGTR) Project in New Zealand), this study investigated how different project governance structures affect the management of risks. Comparative analysis shows that project governance provides a structured mechanism to identify and address risks as they occur. Despite varied context, two projects relied upon flexible contractual arrangements to leverage risks among project participants. While a centralized, single-agent governance was adopted in the form of Project Management Headquarters (PMH) in Yi-wan Railway project, an alliance governance structure was used in the NGTR project. The former enabled top-down risk allocation whereas the latter encouraged proactive solutions to risk sharing. The research outcomes will inform the decision making among project stakeholders on establishing appropriate project governance arrangements in order to achieve target risk management outcome. By comparing real-time projects of varied scope, complexity and significance, the findings contribute to an improved understanding of the relationship between project organizations and project risk management.     

连续复利资金时间价值研究

根据间断复利和连续复利之间的关系，结合技术经济学中资金时间价值的基本原理，研究连续复利条件下整收整付及等额收付系列资金时间价值计算的方法和特点。     

基于非参数Malmquist指数方法的我国基础设施投资生产率研究

综合包括地区生产总值等指标在内的多项指标作为衡量基础设施投资产出效果的指标,更能全面地反映基础设施投资的绩效。通过应用非参数的DEA方法,计算我国1999～2006年的基础设施投资的Malmquist生产率指数,克服了参数方法只能用一个指标衡量基础设施投资绩效的不足,并对基础设施投资的效率变动进行分析。研究结果表明,我国基础设施投资对经济拉动的作用正逐渐变小,同时由过去注重通过加大基础设施投入促进沿海地区的经济发展,正逐步向关注中西部地区的基础设施投入对经济发展促进作用的转移;同时,我国基础设施投资规模效率,正逐年有所改善,各地区的基础设施配置的纯技术效率变化不大,表明我国的基础设施投资仍可按照目前的投资规模稳步进行;而改变目前生产率逐年衰退的关键是推进基础设施投资的技术创新,推进基础设施投资与配置的生产技术前沿。     

关于高校基建项目管理制度改进措施的探讨

通过对高校基建工作中存在的主要问题进行分析,提出了改进高校基建项目管理制度的建议和措施,包括重视前期可行性研究、建立全过程审计、加强合同管理、健全信息管理、推行使用后评价等,对完善高校基建项目管理有重要和积极的意义。     

工程造价风险管理浅析

分析了国内工程造价管理中存在的主要问题,介绍了风险管理的相关概念和原理,阐述了建立和健全我国工程造价风险管理的具体方法与措施,以提高我国的工程造价风险管理水平.     

The effects of project uncertainty and risk management on IS development project performance: A vendor perspective

The structural contingency perspective has been widely used in information systems development (ISD) project risk management research. This paper develops an integrative model to explore the moderating effects of uncertainty on the relationship between risk management and IS development project performance from a vendor perspective, rather than the client perspective that is mainly employed in the literature. A survey-based research design is used to collect data to test the proposed model. The results reveal that project uncertainty can moderate the effects of project planning and control on process performance and the effects of user participation on product performance. More specifically, the results indicate that project planning and control makes a greater contribution to process performance when there is a low level of inherent uncertainty and that user participation makes a greater contribution to product performance when there is a high level of inherent uncertainty. The results of this study contribute to a more acute understanding of the contingency approach to ISD project risk management.     

浅析建设工程项目的价值链管理

简单介绍了价值链理论，通过将工程项目的寿命周期划分成规划阶段、形成阶段、实现阶段和消失阶段，建立工程项目价值链，通过分析工程项目价值增值的特点和工程项目不同阶段的增值过程，构造出工程项目价值变化的模型。     

浅谈建设工程风险管理

结合风险管理的内涵,介绍了建筑施工企业面临的几种常见风险,包括战略风险、财务风险、市场风险、运营风险、法律风险等,并阐述了建筑施工企业风险管理流程,以期指导建筑施工企业正确预测和规避风险。     

TOT项目系统复杂性分析与复杂性集成管理研究

TOT项目作为一种引导民间资本参与基础设施领域发展的有效方式,具有整体性、层次性、动态性和开放性等系统复杂性特征。在对TOT项目进行复杂性分析的基础上,提出了基于集成管理思想,包括管理对象、管理要素、管理目标和管理过程的集成管理模式,并且对实施复杂性集成管理的流程进行了分析。     

Managing the project learning paradox: A set-theoretic approach toward project knowledge transfer

Managing project-based learning is becoming an increasingly important part of project management. This article presents a comparative case study of 12 cases of knowledge transfer between temporary inter-organizational projects and permanent parent organizations. Our set-theoretic analysis of these data yields two major findings. First, a high level of absorptive capacity of the project owner is a necessary condition for successful project knowledge transfer, which implies that the responsibility for knowledge transfer seems to in the first place lie with the project parent organization, not with the project manager. Second, none of the factors are sufficient by themselves. This implies that successful project knowledge transfer is a complex process always involving configurations of multiple factors. We link these implications with the view of projects as complex temporary organizational forms in which successful project managers need to cope with complexity by simultaneously paying attention to both relational and organizational processes.     

谈工程量清单模式下的施工合同管理

结合GB 50500-2008建设工程工程量清单计价规范,针对工程量清单模式下的施工合同管理,从计价方式,工程变更计价及施工合同索赔等方面入手进行了具体阐述,以期指导实践,促进我国建筑业合同管理水平的提高。