Impact of organisational climate and demographics on project specific risks in context to Indian software industry

Software development in an organisation is often delimited with a number of risks at both macro and micro level. Numerous researchers have focused on abrogating these risks by advocating various mitigation strategies at organisational and technological levels. However, the understanding of how demographics and organisation climate factors can reduce the software risks is largely anecdotal. It is a well known fact, that organisation climate influences the individual's ability in perceiving the risks affecting the software projects. The present study conducted on 300 software practitioners, aims to identify organisational climate dimensions and risk dimensions in Indian software industry through factor analysis. It also establishes empirical relations between the two dimensions with the help of regression analysis. This research is useful for both academicians and practitioners who are struggling to ensure success of the project by developing novel approaches for mitigating risks in software projects.     

Managing projects with distributed and embedded knowledge through interactions

In project-based industries studies show difficulties in extracting, distributing and applying embedded and practice knowledge across structural and organisational boundaries. We focus on interorganisational projects consisting of distributed and embedded knowledge. Interaction becomes important in order to cooperate and share interorganisational and distributed knowledge. The aim of the research is to explore how sharing and generating practice based and distributed knowledge occurs through interaction in interorganisational projects and how this is managed. The study focuses on the design phase and relates traditional design practices to concurrent design practices. In the study we observed six cases of design meetings in the construction and oil and gas industry and performed 31 interviews. The paper contributes with the following: (1) understanding and visualisation of interaction patterns, (2) insight in use of various forms of interaction, and (3) ways of managing distributed and embedded knowledge through interaction.     

Project complexity and systems integration: Constructing the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympics Games

Our study of the London Olympics 2012 construction programme showed that systems integration is one of the major challenges involved in delivery of a complex – “system of systems” or array – project. Organizations cope with complexity by decomposing a project into different levels of systems integration with clearly-defined interfaces and buffers between levels and individual component subsystems. At the “meta systems integration” level, an organization has to be established with the capabilities to understand the total system of systems, manage external interfaces with the multiple stakeholder sand coordinate the integration of its component parts. At the “system integration” level, efforts are made to manage each individual system as a loosely-coupled, relatively self-contained subsystem with defined interfaces to coordinate interdependencies with other parts of overall array. Establishing processes to maintain stability whilst responding dynamically to uncertain and changing conditions is one of the most challenging aspects of systems integration.     

Construction programme management theory and practice: Contextual and pragmatic approach

The combination of the economic pressures, maturity and limitations of project management and the dynamic nature of the construction industry clients’ requirements has triggered the need for the adoption and implementation of programme management as a de facto means of aligning, coordinating and managing a portfolio of construction projects to deliver benefits that would not be achievable if the projects were managed independently. Despite the benefits achievable in the practice of programme management, the awareness and understanding of its practice in the construction industry remains vague as a result of a lack of clarity and inconsistencies associated with its definitions. To fully understand the core essence of programme management, it is imperative that its quintessential definition, practice and context are clearly understood and documented. This research is based on a pragmatic synthesis of literature review and industrial questionnaire survey which establishes the relationship, similarities and differences between programme management and project management and subsequently draws comparisons of the practices relevant to programmes between programme and non-programme organisations. The research further highlights the implications of unawareness and lack of understanding that can affect the effective implementation and practice of programme management in the UK construction environment.     

The project manager and the organisation's long-term competence goal

This paper presents empirical results from a study that aims to increase our understanding of the project manager's involvement in competence management in larger Swedish project-oriented organisations. Projects are today the predominant way of performing work. Organisations are also paying more attention to competence as competitive advantage. However, the logical interrelated connection between these two fields is still not understood.     

谈公路工程造价管理网络的信息化建设

近年来,随着计算机技术和网络技术的蓬勃发展,公路工程造价管理信息技术初见规模.在大大提高工作效率的同时,也发挥着越来越重要的作用,通过对公路工程造价管理信息化建设现状的分析,对公路工程造价管理网络的信息化建设提出了建议.     

A conceptual model for project management of exploration and production in the oil and gas industry: The case of a Brazilian company

The objective of this study was to obtain a better understanding of factors that influence Exploration and Production (E&P) project management success and corporate financial performance. The study follows structural equation modeling (SEM) methodology to achieve greater understanding of the intricate network of relationships between variables involved in E&P project management. A comprehensive theoretical framework was needed to formulate the conceptual basis of research. Observation of the real world and practical experiences were also important. To that end, we conducted a case study in a large Brazilian oil company. Field research was essential because of the lack of similar studies in the oil and gas sector. The model developed is a theoretical construct known as a structural and measurement model (set of latent variables, observed variables and hypotheses, depicted in a path diagram). This model contributes significantly to the company because it is a global representation of the main factors for improving E&P project management. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution because adjustment and validation of the theoretical model were not performed.     

Enhancing R&D in science-based industry: An optimal stopping model for drug discovery

Drug discovery is a process of science work full of exploration and complexity. Drug researchers face the dilemma of either working ‘forever’ to create a perfect drug or delivering a workable drug within an acceptable deadline to both save lives and make a profit. Specifically, in the compound screening and optimization stage, drug researchers must decide whether or not to stop the research and deliver the result for clinical testing. This paper proposes a model of optimal stopping time to help drug researchers make such decisions. It examines the decision strategies drug researchers should take through maximizing their objective function. The numerical examples given here show that this model is widely applicable. The model offers potential merits in terms of its ability to clarify drug researchers’ decision-making practices and helping managers maneuver through the jungle of science work.     

建筑工程项目施工管理信息系统

“建筑工程项目施工管理信息系统”是施工现场实行现代化管理的一种新的管理模式,它通过建立局域网和数据库,实现信息的及时交流和数据共享,从而为决策提供支持和服务。扼要介绍本信息系统的开发过程和主要功能。     

建设工程施工现场质量管理标准化研究

在城镇化加速发展的时代背景下,大规模的建设与管理效率低下的矛盾进一步激化,使得当前的工程质量管理难以适应大规模、高难度、高质量的质量管理要求。因此,有必要探索科学的质量管理模式和方法,深入研究和加强工程建设标准化工作,促进产业结构和社会经济的合理均衡发展,确保建设事业全面协调可持续发展,本文介绍了重庆市施工现场质量管理标准化体系制度,为其他地区提供借鉴。     

我市国有建设项目造价变更监管的探讨与建议

在国有资金政府工程建设过程中,随着工程造价变更金额的日益庞大,监管部门如何监督管理就日益重要。应统一管理、分工合作,探索建立联动机制。     

Developing an integrated bidding management expert system for the precast concrete industry

The knowledge-based systems in this paper, composed of intelligent rules which are taken from previous contract records and experienced managers in charge of bidding. The aim is to advise managers on two major issues; Bid/No bid and estimation of optimal tender price.     

基于计算机网络的大型建设项目信息管理系统

从建设项目横向组织模式出发,结合现代信息技术的应用及对某一大型建设项目信息管理系统的开发研究,论述了开发应用基于计算机网络的大型建设项目信息管理系统的总体思路     

Construction time information system for the building industry

The paper describes a computerized construction time information system for time planning of buildings at early stages of design. A sample of 29 commercial, privately funded buildings was used to develop the proposed model. A procedure for extending the model to other project categories is shown. Multiple linear regression analysis of sample data shows that the durations of activity groups: substructure,superstructure, cladding, finishes, services and their sequential start – start lag times can be predicted from 12 variables: grossjloor area, area of groundpoor, approximate excavated volume, building height,number of storeys, end use, cladding type, presence of atrium, building location, intensity of services and site accessibility. An experiment involving nine planners and three office projects showed that the time predictions of the model fall within the distribution of planners' estimates and are tatistically indistinguishable from them. Therefore, the model can produce reliable estimates of construction times.     

工程项目第二次经营的一些建议

通过例举工程实例,总结工程建设过程中的工程变更及工程索赔两方面造价管理,阐述工程项目第二次经营的重要意义。     

如何提高施工监理工作协调能力的简析

沟通是管理的核心,随着现代建筑的科技含量越来越大,突出了各专业协调作业的重要性。因此,协调工作就显得越来越重要了。本文结合多年的现场施工监理经验,对如何提高施工监理工作协调能力的进行了简单的论述。     

勘察设计单位内外网建设的方案设计与实施

通过设计单位内外网站的建设,探索勘察设计行业的信息管理系统的共同特点,提高信息化管理水平,达到信息化推进设计行业的节能减排目的。     

照片及视频在工程项目管理中的应用研究

阐述国内外照片和视频在工程项目管理中的应用和研究情况;通过大量文献阅读和工程实地调研,掌握实际应用需求,提出“视档”的概念;在建筑工程多参与方协同工作网络平台系统ePIMS 中实现了视档管理功能,并使用实际数据进行了模拟试用,对视档应用的可行性进行验证。结果表明,使用专门的系统可以实现对视档的有效利用和管理。     

政府投资项目代建模式下监理企业的发展机遇与对策

结合政府投资项目代建管理模式,分析了在大力推行政府项目代建制的背景下我国监理企业所面临的市场机遇,指出监理单位是未来项目代建管理的主体,并分析了监理企业所面临的风险,提出了监理公司的应对策略.