基于粒子群优化的开放式车间调度

开放式车间调度(OSP)是重要的调度问题,它在制造领域中的应用非常广泛。优化调度算法是调度理论的重要研究内容。基于人工智能的元启发式算法是解决该问题的常用方法。分析了一种新的元启发式算法——粒子群优化(PSO)在信息共享机制上的缺陷,提出新的基于群体智能的信息共享机制。在该信息共享机制的基础上, 设计新的基于PSO的元启发式调度算法——PSO-OSP。该算法利用问题的邻域知识指导局部搜索,可克服元启发式算法随机性引起的盲目搜索。该算法应用于开放式车间调度问题的标准测试实例。仿真结果显示,PSO-OSP算法在加快收敛速度的同时提高了开放式车间调度解的质量。     

Hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization for multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem

Flexible job-shop problem has been widely addressed in literature. Due to its complexity, it is still under consideration for research. This paper addresses flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) with three objectives to be minimized simultaneously: makespan, maximal machine workload, and total workload. Due to the discrete nature of the FJSP problem, conventional particle swarm optimization (PSO) fails to address this problem and therefore, a variant of PSO for discrete problems is presented. A hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is proposed to identify an approximation of the Pareto front for FJSP. In the proposed hybrid algorithm, DPSO is significant for global search and SA is used for local search. Furthermore, Pareto ranking and crowding distance method are incorporated to identify the fitness of particles in the proposed algorithm. The displacement of particles is redefined and a new strategy is presented to retain all non-dominated solutions during iterations. In the presented algorithm, pbest of particles are used to store the fixed number of non-dominated solutions instead of using an external archive. Experiments are performed to identify the performance of the proposed algorithm compared to some famous algorithms in literature. Two benchmark sets are presented to study the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Computational results indicate that the proposed algorithm is significant in terms of the number and quality of non-dominated solutions compared to other algorithms in the literature.     

A hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm for a no-wait flow shop scheduling problem with the total flow time

This paper proposes a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based on memetic algorithm (MA) that hybridizes with a local search method for solving a no-wait flow shop scheduling problem. The main objective is to minimize the total flow time. Within the framework of the proposed algorithm, a local version of PSO with a ring-shape topology structure is used as global search. In addition, a self-organized random immigrant's scheme is extended into our proposed algorithm in order to further enhance its exploration capacity for new peaks in search space. The experimental study over the moving peaks benchmark problem shows that the proposed PSO-based MA is robust. Finally, the analysis of the computational results and conclusion are given.     

基于进化算法和模拟退火算法的混合调度算法

将进化算法与模拟退火算法相结合,提出四种有效的混合调度算法,即遗传退火算法、改进遗传算法、改进进化规划和并行模拟退火算法。两种算法搜索机制的互补增强了全局探索能力,基于关键路径的邻域函数运用提高了算法的效率。仿真结果表明:混合算法在求解质量和求解效率方面均有优势,优于国外同类研究成果;基于模拟退火的变异算子的搜索能力优于交叉算子;改进进化规划优于其他混合算法。     

间歇过程PSO SQP混合优化算法研究*

针对SQP算法在求解具有复杂约束的间歇过程优化时容易陷入局部极值点的问题,本文提出一种PSO-SQP混合优化算法。该算法首先采用外点罚函数法将间歇过程有约束的优化问题转换为无约束的优化问题,利用PSO强大的全局搜索能力对其进行求解,并把搜索结果作为SQP搜索初始点,以此弥补SQP全局搜索弱的缺点,再利用SQP良好的局部收敛性和较强的非线性收敛速度对原优化问题进行精细搜索,弥补了PSO局部搜索弱的缺点,通过不断的迭代最终获得优化问题的全局最优解。该算法充分利用了SQP和PSO的优缺点,增强了其对复杂约束优化问题的求解能力。将本文提出的算法用于连续搅拌化学反应系统温度控制中,仿真结果表明产物浓度能够充分逼近期望值,且反应器的温度轨迹收敛,从而验证了该算法的有效性和实用价值。     

An effective hybrid particle swarm optimization for no-wait flow shop scheduling

The no-wait flow shop scheduling that requires jobs to be processed without interruption between consecutive machines is a typical NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, and represents an important area in production scheduling. This paper proposes an effective hybrid algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) for no-wait flow shop scheduling with the criterion to minimize the maximum completion time (makespan). In the algorithm, a novel encoding scheme based on random key representation is developed, and an efficient population initialization, an effective local search based on the Nawaz-Enscore-Ham (NEH) heuristic, as well as a local search based on simulated annealing (SA) with an adaptive meta-Lamarckian learning strategy are proposed and incorporated into PSO. Simulation results based on well-known benchmarks and comparisons with some existing algorithms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithm.     

Research on job-shop scheduling optimization method with limited resources

Job-shop scheduling is an important subject in the fields of production management and combinatorial optimization. It is also an urgent problem to be solved in actual production. It is usually difficult to achieve the optimal solution with classical methods, due to a high computational complexity (NP-Hard). According to the nature of job-shop scheduling, a solution based on a particle swarm optimiser (PSO) is presented in this paper. In addition to establishing a job-shop scheduling model based on PSO, we have researched the coding and optimized operation of PSO. We have also considered more suitable methods of coding and operation for job-shop scheduling as well as the target function and calculation of the proper figure. The software system of job-shop scheduling is developed according to the PSO algorithm. Test simulations illustrate that the PSO algorithm is a suitable and effective approach for solving the job-shop scheduling problem.     

面向IC生产模式的Job Shop调度问题的研究

针对即时定制生产模式的车间调度的特点,提出基于粒子群算法(PSO)的车间调度问题的解决方案.利用粒子群算法本身的优越性解决复杂的车间作业排序问题,克服了传统调度算法存在寻优效率低或全局寻优能力差的弱点.对粒子群的编码及寻优操作进行研究,确定了更适合车间调度问题的编码和操作方式,并将算法进行编程,应用到系统的车间调度部分.仿真结果表明,通过设置适当的参数,可以快速地得到理想的排序结果,能够适用于IC生产模式的车间调度问题.     

求解模糊作业车间调度问题的混合优化算法

针对模糊作业车间调度问题(Fuzzy job-shop scheduling problem, FJSSP),提出一种结合化学反应优化和禁忌搜索的混合算法(Chemical-reaction optimization and tabu search, CROTS),优化的目标是最小化最大模糊完工时间。算法采用基于工序的编码,通过扩展壁面碰撞、分子碰撞、合成、分解等操作算子,改进了基本化学反应优化(Chemical-reaction optimization, CRO)的四类基元反应。给出一种有效的交叉算子,并应用到分子碰撞、合成、分解三种基元反应中。对最好解进行禁忌搜索,进一步提高种群的搜索能力。结合16个经典算例试验分析,并与三种典型算法比较,验证算法具有较强的全局和局部搜索能力。通过18个随机算例的测试,验证算法具备求解较大规模问题的能力。     

A hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm for solving fuzzy job shop scheduling problem

In this paper, a hybrid algorithm combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) and tabu search (TS) is proposed to solve the job shop scheduling problem with fuzzy processing time. The object is to minimize the maximum fuzzy completion time, i.e., the fuzzy makespan. In the proposed algorithm, PSO performs the global search, i.e., the exploration phase, while TS conducts the local search, i.e., the exploitation process. The global best particle is used to direct other particles to optimal search space. Therefore, in the proposed algorithm, TS-based local search approach is applied to the global best particle to conduct find-grained exploitation. In order to share information among particles, one-point crossover operator is embedded in the hybrid algorithm. The proposed algorithm is tested on sets of the well-known benchmark instances. Through the analysis of experimental results, the highly effective performance of the proposed algorithm is shown against the best performing algorithms from the literature.     

基于Memetic算法的车间动态调度策略研究

针对车间动态调度问题的求解,提出了一种基于Memetic算法的车间动态调度策略。该策略结合滚动窗口机制,并采用基于周期和事件的混合驱动策略,运用Memetic算法对每个滚动窗口工件集进行重调度。该算法采用顺序交叉算子和基于邻域搜索的新型变异算子,在交叉和变异后均采用改进的模拟退火策略进行局部搜索。通过对改进后的基准实例进行实验,验证了该策略的有效性。
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An improved particle swarm optimization for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem

In this paper, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) which is widely applied in advanced manufacturing, production planning, and project management. The algorithm treats the solutions of RCPSP as particle swarms and employs a double justification skill and a move operator for the particles, in association with rank-priority-based representation, greedy random search, and serial scheduling scheme, to execute the intelligent updating process of the swarms to search for better solutions. The integration combines and overhauls the characteristics of both PSO and RCPSP, resulting in enhanced performance. The computational experiments are subsequently conducted to set the adequate parameters and compare the proposed algorithm with other approaches. The results suggest that the proposed PSO algorithm augments the performance by 9.26, 16.17, and 10.45 % for the J30, J60, and J120 instances against the best lower bound-based PSO currently available, respectively. Moreover, the proposed algorithms demonstrate obvious advantage over other proposals in exploring solutions for large-scale RCPSP problems such as the J60 and J120 instances.     

基于Hopfield神经网络求解作业车间调度问题的新方法

对作业车间调度问题的换位矩阵表示方法进行了改进,给出新的作业车间调度问题的Hopfield神经网络计算能量函数表达式,然后提出改进的Hopfield神经网络作业车间调度方法。为了避免Hopfield神经网络容易收敛到局部极小的缺点,将模拟退火算法应用于Hopfield神经网络求解,提出随机神经网络作业车间调度方法。与已有算法相比,改进算法能够保证神经网络稳态输出为可行的作业车间调度方案。     

一种基于GA-SA-TS算法的车间调度方法的研究

运用现代优化算法来解决车间调度这类NP完全问题是现在普遍使用的方法。本文将模拟退火算法和禁忌搜索算法的思想与遗传算法相结合,改善了传统遗传算法中单一的交叉和变异机制,提出了模拟退火-交叉机制和禁忌搜索-变异机制,最终形成了一种适用于解决车间调度方面问题的GA-SA-TS混合遗传算法。三种算法取长补短,避免了遗传算法局部搜索能力差和易早熟的缺点。同时运用GA-SA-TS算法,针对实际车间调度问题进行了仿真。通过该仿真结果可以看出,GA-SA-TS混合遗传算法对于解决车间调度问题是可行的,且在解的质量方面有所提高。     

A discrete PSO for two-stage assembly scheduling problem

In this paper, a discrete particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm called DPSO is proposed to solve the two-stage assembly scheduling problem with respect to bicriteria of makespan and mean completion time where setup times are treated as separate from processing times. In DPSO, the particle velocity representation is redefined, and particle movement is modified accordingly. In order to refrain from the shortcoming of premature convergence, individual intensity is defined, which is used to control adaptive mutation of the particle, and mutation mode is decided by the individual fitness. Furthermore, a randomized exchange neighborhood search is introduced to enhance the local search ability of the particle and increase the convergence speed. Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested on different scale problems and compared with the proposed efficient algorithms in the literature recently. The results show that DPSO is an effective and efficient for assembly scheduling problem.     

基于改进人工蜂群算法的多目标绿色柔性作业车间调度研究

针对多目标绿色柔性作业车间调度问题（MGFJSP）的特点,提出从碳排放量、噪声和废弃物这3个指标来综合评定环境污染程度,建立了以最小化最大完成时间和环境污染程度为优化目标的MGFJSP模型,并提出了一种改进的人工蜂群算法来求解该模型。算法的具体改进包括：设计了一种三维向量的编码和对应解码方案,在跟随蜂搜索阶段引入一种有效的动态邻域搜索操作来提高算法的局部搜索能力,在侦查蜂阶段提出产生新食物源的策略用于增加种群的多样性。最后进行了实验研究与算法对比,以验证所建模型和所提算法的有效性。     

求解作业车间调度的变邻域细菌觅食优化算法

针对最小化最大完工时间的作业车间调度问题,提出一种基于变邻域趋化操作的细菌觅食优化算法。邻域搜索是一类改进型局部搜索算法,在每一步迭代过程中通过搜索当前解的邻域得到一个改进的解,利用邻域搜索可大大提高局部最优解的精确度。本算法采用基于操作的编码,使得细菌觅食优化算法适用于作业车间调度求解;将3种不同的邻域结构引入趋化操作中,以便扩大可行解的搜索空间,细菌个体按照自适应学习策略根据邻域的各自贡献率选择搜索方式,减少陷入局部极小的机会;同时使用自适应步长更新各邻域内趋化操作的位置,根据适应度值动态调整搜索精度,避免早熟收敛。典型算例试验表明,该算法具有一定的鲁棒性,并有效地提高了搜索精度和收敛性。     

交货期惩罚下柔性车间调度多目标Pareto优化研究

针对传统作业车间调度问题的局限性,结合实际生产过程的特点和约束条件,建立路径柔性的作业车间调度仿真模型。采用连续空间蚁群算法,对柔性车间作业进行多变量、多约束下的调度布局优化设计,在考虑各个机器提前/拖期完工的惩罚值,所有机器上的总负荷、成品合格率和最大设备利用率等性能指标更加合理情况下,为每次迭代产生的邻域解集作为Pareto非支配排序,防止算法操作过程中劣解的产生,提高求解效率。并与自适应免疫算法和交换序列混合粒子群法的优化结果进行对比,该算法可有效改善基本蚁群算法的停滞现象和全局寻优能力差的缺点。目前,该方法已在某机械公司进行示范,在提高加工效率、降低生产成本、减少协作费等方面效果显著。     

基于Pareto优化的离散自由搜索算法求解多目标柔性作业车间调度问题

针对多目标柔性作业车间调度问题搜索空间的离散性和求解算法的收敛性,提出一种基于Pareto优化的离散自由搜索算法来求解多目标柔性作业车间调度问题。在建立基于Markov链数学模型的基础上,证明了算法以概率1收敛;引入首达最优解期望时间来分析算法收敛速度,并分析了算法时间复杂度。采用基于工序排序和机器分配的个体表达方式,在多目标柔性作业车间离散域,利用自由搜索算法在邻域小步幅精确搜索和在全局空间大步幅勘测进行寻优;通过自由搜索算法自适应赋予个体各异辨别能力和Pareto优化概念来比较个体优劣性,不仅保留优化个体,而且使个体寻优方向沿多目标柔性作业车间调度问题Pareto前沿逼近。通过对搜索过程中产生的伪调度方案进行可行性判定,以确保调度方案可行。采用10×10FJSP和8×8FJSP问题的实例进行寻优测试,验证了所提算法的可行性和有效性。     

自适应遗传算法求解模糊作业车间调度问题

研究模糊作业车间调度问题(FJSSP),用三角模糊数表示模糊加工时间,用半梯形模糊数表示模糊交货期,以最大化最小客户满意度为调度目标,建立了模糊环境下Job-shop调度问题的模型。提出了一种自适应遗传算法,该算法采用基于优先列表的编码方式,提高了编码效率;在进化过程中对种群采用精英保留策略,确保最优个体不被破坏;并对自适应交叉变异算子进行了改进,使种群最优个体参与进化。仿真结果证明所提算法在寻优能力及收敛性能方面均有所改善。