Proposed changes in personality and personality disorder assessment and diagnosis for DSM-5 Part II: Clinical application.

The four-part assessment of personality psychopathology proposed for DSM-5 focuses attention on identifying personality psychopathology with increasing degrees of specificity, based on a clinician's available time, information, and expertise. In Part I of this two-part article, we described the components of the new model and presented brief rationales for them. In Part II, we illustrate the clinical application of the model with vignettes of patients with varying degrees of personality psychopathology, selected from the DSM–IV–TR Casebook, to show how assessments might be conducted and diagnoses reached. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

A new computer assisted objective method for quantifying vascular changes of the bulbar conjunctivae

A novel computer software method was used to quantify the conjunctival plexus on the scleral background for measurement of the vascular surface area from photographs. A previously described method was used (Palmer, J. R., Owen, C. G., Ford, A. M., Jacobson, R. E. and Woodward, E. G. (1996). Optimal photographic imaging of the bulbar conjunctival vasculature. Ophthal. Physiol. Opt. 16, 144-149) to optimise photographic imaging of the bulbar conjuctival vasculature by increasing the information content in the image. Repeatability of this technique was evaluated. Twenty subjects (20 eyes) free from ophthalmological and systemic abnormality were examined on two separate occasions. The maximum 95% confidence limits for repeatability are +8.58/-3.95%. For 10 consecutive estimates of vascularity the maximum 95% confidence interval lie between +/- 6.54%. To evaluate the technique the lateral-bulbar conjunctivaein 10 soft (SCL) and 10 rigid gas permeable contact lens (RGPCL) wearers during the first 10 months of contact lens wear, were assessed and compared with subjective grading of hyperaemia. The new method showed sufficient sensitivity in detecting increased hyperaemia in the RGPCL wearing group and demonstrated statistically significant change. Subjective graded assessment of vascularity (using established classifications) detected increased hyperaemia, however, this was not statistically significant. Conjunctival vasculature is a dynamic structure and a source of valuable quantitative information where the ocular environment is varied, or where the ocular surface is affected by disease. Hence it is worthy of further investigation. A simple inexpensive method of computer assisted determination of vascularity is described.     

The development of a new method of cephalometric and study cast mensuration with a computer controlled, video image capture system. Part II: Study cast mensuration

A computerized system for mensuration of dental casts, developed at the Royal Berkshire Hospital in Reading was tested against a conventional manual method and a computer controlled reflex microscope. Systematic errors, calibration, and handling aspects are discussed. Results showed that the computerized system provided data which while statistically different, were clinically comparable with the same measurements carried out using conventional manual or digitizing techniques. The results indicated that future research is required with respect to object illumination for all indirect techniques.     

Bioresorbable fracture fixation in orthopedics: a comprehensive review. Part II. Clinical studies

Bioresorbable materials overcome two major disadvantages of the metal alloys most commonly used in fracture-fixation devices: their extreme stiffness, which causes stress shielding of the underlying bone, and the necessity, in a significant number of cases, of removing metallic implants after fracture healing is complete. The orthopedic surgeon now has the use of polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and polydioxanone implants for the fixation of small cancellous bone fractures. The currently available bioresorbable materials lack strength and stiffness and are associated with inflammatory reactions and osteolysis in a significant number of cases. Surgeons should use the available pins and screws with extreme care and attention to the characteristics of each individual injury, particularly its healing characteristics, as well as to the material's initial mechanical properties, degradation rates, and associated complications.     

Mechanical property changes in ion-irradiated metals: Part II. high-strength Cu-Ni-be alloy

Mechanical property changes in a high-strength copper alloy as a result of 14-MeV Cu ion irradiation have been investigated using a recently developed mechanical properties microprobe (MPM). A Cu-1.5 pct Ni-0.3 pct Be alloy was irradiated in both the cold-worked and aged and solution-annealed and aged conditions to a peak damage dose of 40 displacements per atom (dpa) (10 dpa at 1 μm) over the temperature range of 100 °C to 500 °C. Ultra-low load microindentation hardness changes were measured parallel to the ion beam and perpendicular to the beam, the latter being made possible by cross-sectional techniques. Both thermal and radiationenhanced softening was observed in the cold-worked and aged material, and the amount of softening increased as temperature increased. Irradiation had very little effect on the solutionannealed and aged material, and only at 500 °C was any thermally induced softening observed. This paper is based on a presentation made in the symposium “Irradiation-Enhanced Materials Science and Engineering” presented as part of the ASM INTERNATIONAL 75th Anniversary celebration at the 1988 World Materials Congress in Chicago, IL, September 25—29, 1988, under the auspices of the Nuclear Materials Committee of TMS-AIME and ASM-MSD.     

一种新的n维广义Arnold矩阵构造方法及其在图像置乱中的应用

提出了基于具有输入密钥的等差数列来构造一类n维广义Arnold变换矩阵的方法,并给出了构造变换矩阵和逆变换矩阵的计算算法,算法仅与密钥有关,其时间复杂度相当于n(n+1)/2次乘法运算.在图像置乱时用该矩阵作为变换矩阵,采取图像位置空间与色彩空间的多轮乘积型双置乱,算法具有周期长和算法完全公开等特点,可有效防止多种攻击,增强了系统的安全性.此外,通过逆变换对置乱图像进行恢复,无须计算变换矩阵的周期.实验结果表明,该置乱变换算法效率高,安全性强.     

Psychotherapy outcome research: An application of a new method for evaluating research methodology.

Reviewed 142 psychotherapy outcome studies published in 21 journals between 1978 and 1985, focusing primarily on psychotherapy as a treatment of emotional problems, but including articles regarding the use of psychotherapy as a treatment for other problems (e.g, marital discord). Of concern was whether the methodological rigor of published psychotherapy outcome studies had improved since 1978: Results fail to indicate significant overall improvement or deterioration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A general method for estimation of fracture surface roughness: Part II. Practical considerations

Surface roughness is an important attribute of fracture surfaces. An assumption-free method for estimation of surface roughness presented in Part I^[1] is analyzed further here. It is shown that three vertical sectioning plane orientations mutually at an angle of 120 deg contain sufficient information for a reliable estimation of surface roughness; in most of the cases, the sampling error due to measurements on a limited number (three) of vertical section orientations should be less than ±6 pct with a confidence limit of 95 pct. A simplified procedure is presented for calculation of a profile structure factor from the measurements of the profile frequency function. A practical example of application of the present analysis involving measurement of the fracture surface roughness of a metal-matrix composite is discussed.     

Development of new feeding-distance rules using casting simulation: Part II. The new rules

Based on a correlation between the Niyama criterion and radiographic casting soundness developed in Part I of this work, a new set of riser feeding-distance rules is developed for low-alloy steel castings. These rules are designed to produce radiographically sound castings at 2 pct sensitivity. Rules are provided for the riser-zone length, end-zone length, end-effect feeding distance and lateral feeding distance for top risers, and feeding distance for side risers. In addition, the relationships between the end-zone length, riser-zone length, and the various feeding distances are discussed. Multipliers are given to apply these rules with end chills and drag chills, and multipliers are also provided to tailor these rules to different steel alloy compositions, sand mold materials, and pouring superheats. In comparison with previously published rules, the present rules are shown to provide longer feeding distances in most casting situations.     

A general method for estimation of fracture surface roughness: Part II. Practical considerations

Surface roughness is an important attribute of fracture surfaces. An assumption-free method for estimation of surface roughness presented in Part I^[1] is analyzed further here. It is shown that three vertical sectioning plane orientations mutually at an angle of 120 deg contain sufficient information for a reliable estimation of surface roughness; in most of the cases, the sampling error due to measurements on a limited number (three) of vertical section orientations should be less than ±6 pct with a confidence limit of 95 pct. A simplified procedure is presented for calculation of a profile structure factor from the measurements of the profile frequency function. A practical example of application of the present analysis involving measurement of the fracture surface roughness of a metal-matrix composite is discussed.     

Factors to consider for predictable post and core build-ups of endodontically treated teeth. Part II: Clinical application of basic concepts

Post and core build-ups represent an important pre-prosthetic procedure prior to the restoration of an endodontically treated tooth. The dental practitioner is presented with the dilemma of selecting from an ever increasing variety of materials, techniques and designs related to this procedure, many of which are harmful and mired in controversy. Part II of this paper will review some basic theoretical concepts related to post and core build-ups with the objective of applying these concepts to address a number of pertinent clinical questions related to the above selection process. This review should provide the dentist with a reference to produce a more predictable post and core build-up.     

Bioelectronic noses: a status report. Part II

The present state of the art to record or to mimic electronically the human senses of olfaction and taste is characterized. In this part II, strategies are outlined to utilize chemical and biological structures with their different complexities which serve as sensor elements in (bio-) electronic noses. Finally a survey is given on the computer-science aspects of odor recognition based on these elements.     

The skeletal calcium/phosphorus ratio: a new in vivo method of determination

We describe a new method for assessing the Ca/P ratio of bone in vivo using gamma-ray photon absorptiometry. The theoretical approach of the method and the estimation of the variance are presented. Two radiation sources, Gd-153 (100 keV), and I-125 (27.5 keV), and a germanium detector were used to determine this ratio. Measurements were made on bone phantoms with different Ca/P ratios; also, the ratio was measured on lamb and sheep tibias, rabbit tibias, and human fingers. Since the accuracy of the method is affected by the amount of fat and collagen in the measurement field, the effect of collagen and fat on the measurements also was investigated. In all cases, the precision of the method, expressed as the coefficient of variation (CV): 100x standard deviation/mean, was near to the theoretical one, ranging from 1.8% to 3.2%. For human fingers, the CV was 3.2%, a value near to the theoretical 2.9% with a dose to the skin ranging from 0.044 to 0.066 mGy, depending on the width of the finger.     

Education in emergency nursing: a new beginning. Part 2

Continuing from the previous issue, this paper discusses the process of developing the content of new courses under the umbrella of the Graduate Diploma/Masters in Emergency Care Nursing offered at Griffith University Gold Coast, Australia. Part 2 of this paper includes information on course structure, implementation, content, assessing methods and competences and the logistics of the course.     

The development of a new method of cephalometric and study cast mensuration with a computer controlled, video image capture system: Part I

A computerized system for handling cephalometric images, developed at the Royal Berkshire Hospital in Reading, was tested against a conventional manual tracing method and a computer-controlled digitizer. Systematic errors, calibration, and handling aspects are discussed. Results showed that the computerized system provided data which compared favourably with the same measurements carried out conventionally using manual or digitizing methods.     

Patellar enthesopathy in childhood: a new clinical and radiographic observation

Enthesitis occurs commonly in patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathies. The patella is frequently affected by enthesopathy, but overgrowth has not been reported as a manifestation of enthesitis in pediatrics. We describe 3 patients with seronegative enthesopathy and arthropathy syndrome and patellar overgrowth.     

A kinetic model of the Peirce-Smith converter: Part II. Model application and discussion

A sensitivity analysis of a kinetics-based model of the Peirce-Smith converter has been carried out, and the model has then been applied to an analysis of copper converter operation. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that only factors relating to the mass-transfer rates have a significant effect on the model predictions. However, even with large changes in diffusivities, the model predictions remain within the error of the plant measurements. The converter analysis indicates that considerable improvements to converter productivity can be made, particularly through changes to gas injection practices.     

Development and application of a new method for assessing job performance in behavioral/economic terms.

Describes the development of a method for estimating the standard deviation of job performance in dollars that might permit wider application of utility analysis to personnel activities. The method builds on traditional industrial psychological principles of job analysis and performance measurement, and it allows translation of behaviorally based performance rating data into economic terms. In a field study of 602 1st-level managers, promoted either via a panel selection/interview process or via an assessment center, the method was shown to be feasible, practical, and simple to use. Comparative utility analysis indicated a significant payoff in terms of improved performance per person per year for the assessment center. (26 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Evaluation of a new radiographic technique: diagnostic accuracy for mandibular third molars

The study of individual symptoms of schizophrenia, such as auditory hallucinations, can contribute to effective treatment strategies. We review existing instruments for the assessment of characteristics and dimensions of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders and describe their psychometric properties and implications for their use in clinical research and practice. In addition, three widely used global measurement scales for symptoms of schizophrenia, each of which contain questions that pertain to hallucinations, are included.