大尺寸薄膜型声学超材料复合结构低频宽带隔声性能研究EI北大核心CSCD

薄膜型声学超材料的提出与发展为使用轻薄结构有效解决低频噪声问题带来了希望。然而,受限于局域共振机理,单层的薄膜型声学超材料仅能够在极窄的频段范围内具备优异的低频隔声性能,很难满足舰船动力装备这类需要宽频段有效噪声的实际场景应用需求。通过将不同结构形式的多层薄膜型声学超材料进行复合,以期突破局域共振机理的窄带局限性,实现优异的低频宽带隔声性能。采用等效面密度概念,建立薄膜型声学超材料复合结构的隔声计算模型;基于双混响测试方法,开展多种复合方式的大尺寸薄膜型声学超材料复合结构的混响场激励隔声性能试验,验证隔声计算模型的有效性,比较并分析其低频宽带隔声性能。该研究工作为薄膜型声学超材料复合结构的隔声性能分析与实际工程应用提供一定参考价值。     

水声材料研发、测试及系统开发

水声材料研发专业组隶属于杭州应用声学研究所换能器与水下声系统研发中心和国防科技工业水声计量一级站,从事水声材料研发和校准测试技术研究工作,可提供声学结构设计、硫化灌注工艺、声学性能测试、测量系统设计和丌发、消声水池工程项目等技术服务,提供无硫橡胶吸声尖劈系列、无硫橡胶吸声圆锥系列、耐压吸声术尖劈、耐压宽带反声障板、耐压吸声障板、耐压隔声构件、去耦复合材料、透声包覆层材料等产品。     

两边支撑声学超材料板的低频宽带隔声性能研究

以电力变压器低频隔声为应用背景,提出了一种结构简单轻质的局域共振声学超材料板,它由在两边支撑框架上紧密粘贴高分子聚合物薄板制成,相比四边支撑超材料板,其具有更加优越的低频隔声能力。在声波垂直入射条件下,采用有限元仿真对其隔声特性进行研究,结果表明在248 Hz处出现了一个明显的隔声峰,隔声量达到了31 dB。为拓宽低频隔声频带,在超材料板上布置质量块,仿真结果表明在152~560 Hz范围内出现了三个密集的隔声峰,最高隔声量达26 dB,从而一定程度上实现宽频隔声效果;同时在120 Hz处出现了一个隔声量为18 dB的隔声峰。最后搭建了基于小型箱体的隔声实验平台,可以发现实验测试结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性,从而验证了轻质声学超材料板良好的低频宽带隔声性能,说明了两边支撑声学超材料板具有广阔的工程化应用前景。     

消声瓦声学性能的大面积宽频带测量

本文利用水声计量测试最新研究成果-水声材料声学性能的自由场宽带压缩脉冲叠加法测量技术,在实验室对某型消声瓦(600×800×50mm)的声学性能进行了准确测量,测量频率范围为2kHz～20kHz.本文首先对测量系统和过程作简要的介绍;然后对声速和密度等参数已知的均匀材料样品进行了测量,并与理论计算进行比较,以核查测量系统的能力和性能;最后给出某型消声瓦的测量过程与具体测量结果.     

宽带水声参量阵指向性设计与实验验证

利用宽带水声参量阵可产生高指向性宽带低频声束,推导了宽带水声参量阵生成低频声束的自解调理论模型,对其换能器指向性进行了分析与设计,并研制出了宽带水声参量阵样机。测试结果表明：该样机产成的2 kHz声束的-3 dB指向性锐角约为2.6°,具有很好的指向性,且旁瓣抑制效果好,能够产生无旁瓣的高指向性低频声束。这为解决浅海水声通信的多途干扰、远程水声保密通信等问题提供了一条新思路。     

薄膜声学超材料降噪性能分析及设计

为了提升薄膜型声学超材料的隔声性能,首先采用模态叠加法和遗传优化算法实现一种反射型薄膜声学超材料单胞多参数结构优化设计;然后为了拓宽薄膜声学超材料单胞结构的隔声带宽,进一步提出一种能够实现低频宽带吸声的十字型薄膜声学超材料.结果表明:采用经过优化所得的反射型薄膜声学超材料可有效提高隔声带宽和离散频率的隔声量;并且十字型...     

气垫隔声结构水中隔声性能分析

提出气垫隔声结构形式,与以橡胶阻尼材料为基体的隔声去耦瓦相比,气垫隔声结构具有孔隙率大的特点,能更好的隔声去耦。用解析方法分析无限、有限气垫隔声结构在水中的隔声性能,研究板厚与中间层特性声阻抗对隔声量的影响并分析无限结构与有限结构的差别。结果表明：在水中的隔声曲线中没有在空气中因“质量―弹簧―质量”共振造成的隔声低谷现象,且在低频时有限结构的隔声性能较好。行波管声学试验测试了气垫双层板结构的低频隔声性能,证实气垫隔声结构在水中的隔声效果和其在水中声学性能的正确性。     

一种带薄膜结构的Helmholtz腔声学超材料

为有效控制低频宽带噪声,设计了一种带薄膜结构的Helmholtz腔声学超材料。利用COMSOL软件对其透射特性进行详细分析,结果表明:不带膜的原本的Helmholtz腔结构其透射系数虽在低频范围内可以得到峰值,但其结构尺寸较大,且频带很窄,而文中设计的声学超材料结构的透射系数在低频范围可得到多个峰值,在相同结构尺寸下,与原本的Helmholtz腔结构相比,其固有频率向低频范围内偏移,因而提高了结构的低频隔声效果,拓宽了结构的隔声频率带宽。在此基础上进一步研究了声学超材料结构几何参数对透射系数的影响,优化了声学超材料的结构几何参数。     

带背腔薄膜型声学超材料低频隔声特性分析

为弥补传统材料难以有效控制低频噪声的不足,提出一种由弹性薄膜、穿孔质量环和背腔组成的薄膜型声学超材料,建立单元声固耦合有限元模型,分析其在10 Hz～700 Hz频段内的薄膜振动特性,探讨薄膜预应力、穿孔半径、背腔高度、附加质量和薄膜厚度对隔声性能的影响规律,并研究基于协同耦合隔声机理的多单元组合隔声效果。结果表明：薄膜与背腔和穿孔结构耦合能丰富薄膜在低频处的振动形式,较传统Helmholtz 共振腔和薄膜型声学超材料具有更宽的隔声频带;在考虑频段范围内存在6 个声衰减峰,背腔高度、薄膜厚度和预应力的改变可使第三和第四峰值产生明显频率偏移,多单元协同耦合可实现一定频率范围内的连续宽带隔声,分析结果可为低频噪声的轻质和宽带控制提供理论参考。     

虚拟仪器技术在水声材料隔声测试中的应用研究

对虚拟仪器技术的含义、优势、发展概况及应用程度等作了介绍，并基于B＆K PULSE系统，对虚拟仪器技术在水声材料隔声测试中的应用开展了实验研究。虚拟仪器技术的使用，极大地提高了测试精度和测试效率，为未来声学测试的发展指明了方向。与其他应用领域一样，在声学测试领域，虚拟仪器技术同样具有非常广泛的应用前景和发展潜力。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.