轻质高强方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲X形节点构造和承载力研究

为研制轻质高强桁架节点构造及其承载力,对Q345B方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲X形节点和基本型节点进行了静力加载试验,考察了支主管间设置加劲板和支主管内浇灌轻骨料混凝土对节点破坏模式和承载力的影响。试验结果表明：加劲节点的破坏模式有加劲板与剪压支管焊缝开裂、剪压支管翼板被加劲板拉开、剪压支管在靠近加劲板外端截面剪压破坏;基本型节点的破坏模式为支主管焊缝开裂;支主管间设置的加劲板明显推迟了节点的屈服和断裂进程,支主管内浇灌轻骨料混凝土有效防止了方钢管屈曲,显著提高了节点承载力,加劲节点的焊缝开裂荷载和极限承载力较基本型节点分别提高63.3%和18.3%。根据加劲X形节点试验破坏模式,推导了考虑加劲板应力传递和扩散效应的方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲X形节点的加劲板与剪压支管焊缝开裂、剪压支管翼板拉开、剪压支管剪压破坏的力学计算模型和承载力计算式。建议的加劲X形节点的承载力计算式的计算误差为-27.8%～+3.7%。     

具有内加劲肋的空间多支管的圆管节点性能研究

以上海旗忠网球中心可开闭屋盖的关键节点为工程背景,对主管内部具有加劲肋的空间多支管的焊接节点性能进行了试验研究和数值分析。探讨了复杂管节点试验的加载方法,描述了节点的塑性应变、破坏形式和机理以及加劲肋的构造效应。节点具有较高的承载力,主管内加劲肋的设置有效提高了节点刚度和强度,改变了节点破坏的形式。增加加劲肋的数量或者厚度有助于增强节点强度,但合理安排加劲肋的位置比增加数量更为重要,随着加劲肋数量增多,厚度的作用减弱。     

K形管板节点受弯承载力试验研究与有限元分析

为研究K形管板节点的受弯承载性能,对其进行静力试验和有限元分析。完成了5组K形管板节点足尺模型静力试验,以主管直径与主管壁厚为主要变化参数,分析参数变化时节点试件在受载过程中的响应及承载力。建立K形管板节点有限元分析模型,研究主管直径、主管壁厚和节点板长度等主要参数对节点受力性能的影响。试验和有限元分析结果表明,K形管板节点的受弯承载力随着主管直径的增大而减小、随着主管壁厚的增加而增大、随着节点板长度的增长而增大。在试验和理论分析基础上,通过数值回归方法提出了管板节点受弯承载力计算式,并验证了其适用性。     

鞍板和环板加劲K形相贯节点承载力试验研究

为研究采用节点板、鞍板、环板加劲的K形相贯节点的受力特性,设计并制作了11个节点试件开展比例加载试验研究,得到其变形、应力分布及破坏模式等受力性能。利用经试验验证的有限元模型,分析了加劲组件和钢管参数对该类加劲相贯节点承载力的影响,并给出了受荷节点的力学模型。有限元分析和试验结果表明,该节点表现出无加劲相贯节点和带鞍板的管-板节点的受力特征,加劲构造能有效提高节点承载力。参数敏感性分析结果表明,增加支管和主管直径比、主管厚度、节点板长度和扇形鞍板圆心角可提高节点极限承载力。给出了极限承载力简化计算方法,计算结果和有限元分析及试验结果吻合较好。     

N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点受力性能研究

为研究N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点的静力性能及其与搭接节点受力性能的关系,对2个N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点和2个对应的搭接节点进行了节点承载力试验研究。试验表明：间隙节点的承载力低于相同管径的搭接节点,4个节点的主管均出现了明显的塑性变形,支管较小的2个节点其支管也发生了局部屈曲,试件破坏时间隙节点的主管壁相对变形比相应的搭接节点要大。以试验为基础,建立了N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点的有限元分析模型,对不同支管直径与主管宽度比、主管宽度与壁厚比、支管与主管的壁厚比、主管轴力及支管间隙的节点进行了有限元分析。研究表明：支管全截面屈服破坏(BMF)、主管壁局部塑性破坏(CP)和支管局部屈曲与主管壁局部塑性破坏的联合破坏(BLB+CP)是N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点的主要破坏模式;支管直径与主管宽度比、主管宽度与壁厚比、支管与主管的壁厚比、主管轴力对N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点承载力的影响与对搭接节点的影响具有类似的规律;支管间隙大小对N形主方支圆钢管间隙节点承载力的影响不容忽视。利用线性回归方法,在GB 50017—2017《钢结构设计标准》现有承载力计算公式基础上,拟合出了考虑相关影响因素的承载力修正计算...     

贯穿式加劲肋对螺栓连接钢管节点轴压承载力影响的试验研究

各国现行钢结构规范中,对螺栓连接钢管节点的极限承载力均未提及具体的构造措施及计算方法。通过对8个带加劲肋的螺栓连接钢管节点试件进行了单轴受压承载力试验研究,探讨了该类节点在单轴受压条件下的承载力-变形曲线和破坏模式,并对环板、主管及支管的应力-应变情况进行了分析。研究表明:仅通过单轴试验就推出所有破坏模式过于武断,建议限定说明,使其更合理;采用环板、十字连接板对支管与主管进行螺栓连接并设置加劲肋的钢管节点,其破坏模式为环板局部面外失稳,设置加劲肋能有效抑制整体的面外失稳;其次,加劲肋板贯穿主管可以提高节点的整体刚度和极限承载力,且施工方便,是值得采用的节点设计方法之一。     

XX形空间相贯节点受力性能有限元分析

复杂空间相贯节点广泛应用于大型空间结构中,目前规范尚无正确完善公式计算其承载力.为研究这类复杂空间相贯节点的受力性能和提出合理的构造改进措施,根据某实际工程,选择同时承受较大轴力和弯矩的XX形空间相贯节点进行有限元分析,并提出5种改进措施来改善节点的力学性态.分析结果表明,增加首先“破坏”支管的壁厚不能显著提高极限承载力;支管与主管汇交处设置加劲肋可以改善节点域的应力分布;在靠近节点域的支管内设置加强板可提高节点极限承载力;支管与主管之间交汇处设置贯穿加劲肋可显著减小主管的变形.     

钢管混凝土加劲环管板节点受力性能研究

为研究钢管混凝土加劲环管板节点在轴向拉力作用下的受力性能,开展了3个节点试件的单调加载试验,分别得到了管板节点加强前后的荷载-位移曲线和破坏模式。试验结果表明：SPR节点在单调荷载作用下主管和加劲环发生局部屈曲,表现为延性破坏;CFT节点在荷载作用下主管壁发生剪切破坏,荷载-位移曲线没有明显的屈服段,表现为脆性破坏;CFTR节点在荷载作用下,连接板处加劲环发生剪切破坏,同时加劲环局部V形屈曲;加劲环能够明显提高管板节点的承载力,同时改善节点的塑性性能;相较于主管外设加劲环,主管内部填充混凝土具有更好的承载力提升效果,节点的刚度变大但塑性性能变差;钢管混凝土加劲环管板节点具有加劲环和混凝土的双重特性,在显著提高节点承载力的同时保障节点塑性性能。在264个有限元模型参数分析的基础上,得到了双加劲环管板节点受拉承载力的计算方法,给出了加劲环厚度和宽度组合的设计建议。基于极限分析的塑性铰线方法,推导出SP节点和SPR节点极限承载力的理论计算模型,计算结果与有限元结果吻合较好。     

平面K形管板节点抗弯刚度研究

对平面K形管板节点的抗弯刚度进行了有限元分析研究。利用参数分析法,重点考察了主管直径D、支主管夹角θ、主管径厚比γ、支主管直径比β、节点板厚与主管壁厚比τp、支主管壁厚比τw、支管插入板的长度与支管直径比ν等几何参数,以及主管与支管的轴向应力对节点抗弯刚度的影响。研究表明:主管与支管的相对几何关系以及轴向应力对平面K形管板节点抗弯刚度均产生影响。在大量有限元算例的基础上,采用回归分析得出了K形管板节点的抗弯刚度计算公式。     

变电站钢管塔架多支管空间节点受力性能研究

以青海佑宁750kV变电站塔架的复杂节点为背景,对两类空间多支管梁、柱节点进行了静力加载试验和非线性有限元分析。试验中采用足尺模型,试验装置为具有足够刚度的自平衡框架,制作梁、柱节点试件各2个,采用主动与被动加载相结合的试验加载方案。试验得到了节点的破坏模式、荷载 位移曲线、荷载 应变曲线及受力特性。在此基础上,建立了复杂节点的非线性有限元模型,并对节点的承载性能进行了分析。结果表明：主管部分属于节点的薄弱部位,两类节点都发生了主管凹曲变形破坏,且未出现支管和焊缝的破坏;另外,梁节点两试件出现了支管插板及其加劲板的受压弯曲破坏;加载至设计荷载值时,两类节点所有测点基本处于线弹性工作状态,且节点承载力富余较大,表明节点设计较安全。参数分析表明,主管径厚比 γ 对节点承载力影响显著,支主管直径比β₂及厚度比 τ₂对节点承载力具有一定影响;梁节点中,γ较小时,β₇对节点承载力影响较大;β₄、τ₄、β₅节点板与主管厚度比τ_J及插板与主管厚度比τ_c对各自节点承载力基本无影响。     

Strength of tubular welded joints of roof trusses in Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center

Static strength of multi-planar welded joints with seven brace members and one chord member made of circular hollow sections is investigated in the paper, based on the engineering practice of moveable roof trusses of Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center. Firstly, comparative experiments were carried out on two model joints with a scale of 1:3. One joint was not reinforced, whereas the other was reinforced with ring stiffeners inside the chord member. Failure mode, stress distribution, plastic-zone development and ultimate load capacity of the joints were investigated, and effects of the ring stiffeners on the joint behavior were observed through the experiments. Secondly, finite element analysis of both the tested model joints was performed. The calculation results are in a good agreement with the experimental results, which indicated that the numerical analysis was quite effective. Finally, the strategy for enhancing strength of the complicated joint is discussed. Parameters study on the constructional details of ring stiffeners was carried out using FE method. The present research shows the multi-planar circular hollow section joint with high ratio of diameter to thickness of the chord and multiple braces is liable to chord plasticity under axial tension and compression on the braces. For the design of the joint, it is suggested that the ring stiffeners are installed insider the chord to meet needs of enough stiffness and strength. Both position and number of the stiffeners should be carefully determined based on the axial forces on the braces and their diameters. The stiffener thickness should not be less than the chord thickness, and the diameter of the hole at the center of the stiffener should not be greater than half of the chord diameter.     

Strength of tubular welded joints of roof trusses in Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center

Static strength of multi-planar welded joints with seven brace members and one chord member made of circular hollow sections is investigated in the paper, based on the engineering practice of moveable roof trusses of Shanghai Qizhong Tennis Center. Firstly, comparative experiments were carried out on two model joints with a scale of 1:3. One joint was not reinforced, whereas the other was reinforced with ring stiffeners inside the chord member. Failure mode, stress distribution, plastic-zone development and ultimate load capacity of the joints were investigated, and effects of the ring stiffeners on the joint behavior were observed through the experiments. Secondly, finite element analysis of both the tested model joints was performed. The calculation results are in a good agreement with the experimental results, which indicated that the numerical analysis was quite effective. Finally, the strategy for enhancing strength of the complicated joint is discussed. Parameters study on the constructional details of ring stiffeners was carried out using FE method. The present research shows the multi-planar circular hollow section joint with high ratio of diameter to thickness of the chord and multiple braces is liable to chord plasticity under axial tension and compression on the braces. For the design of the joint, it is suggested that the ring stiffeners are installed insider the chord to meet needs of enough stiffness and strength. Both position and number of the stiffeners should be carefully determined based on the axial forces on the braces and their diameters. The stiffener thickness should not be less than the chord thickness, and the diameter of the hole at the center of the stiffener should not be greater than half of the chord diameter. __________ Translated from Journal of Building Structures, 2007, 28(1): 36&2-42 [译自: 建筑结构学报]     

Experimental and Numerical Study on Complex Multi-planar Welded Tubular Joints in Umbrella-Type Space Trusses with Long Overhangs

A test rig with multi-functional purposes was specifically designed and manufactured to study the behavior of multi-planar welded tubular joints subjected to multi-planar concurrent axial loading. An experimental investigation was conducted on full-scale welded tubular joints with each consisting of one chord and eight braces under monotonic loading conditions. Two pairs or four representative specimens (two specimens for each joint type) were tested, in which each pair was reinforced with two kinds of different internal stiffeners at the intersections between the chords using welded rectangular hollow steel sections (RHSSs) and the braces using rolled circular hollow steel sections (CHSSs) and welded RHSSs. The effects of different internal stiffeners at the chord–brace intersection on the load capacity of joints under concurrent multi-planar axial compression/tension are discussed. The test results of joint strengths, failure modes, and load–stress curves are presented. Finite element analyses were performed to verify the experimental results. The study results show that the two different joint types with the internal stiffeners at the chord–brace intersection under axial compression/tension significantly increase the corresponding ultimate strength to far exceed the usual design strength. The load carrying capacity of welded tubular joints decreases with a higher degree of the manufacturing imperfection in individual braces at the tubular joints. Furthermore, the interaction effect of the concurrent axial loading applied at the welded tubular joint on member stress is apparent.     

KT型相贯节点承载力有限元及设计方法分析

对KT型圆钢管空间相贯节点的极限承载力进行非线性有限元分析,揭示KT型相贯节点的受力性能。结果表明：在支杆轴力大小不同的情况下,随着支杆与弦杆直径比角、腹杆与弦杆直径比屉、支杆与弦杆厚度比τ1、腹杆与弦杆厚度比τ2和弦杆径厚比γ的变化,节点发生弦杆局部屈曲模式、腹杆轴向屈曲破坏和支杆强度破坏3种破坏模式;有焊缝的加强作用,节点承载力有所提高;分析支杆与腹杆轴力不同比值情况下的节点承载力,提出KT型节点承载力简化设计公式。     

Experimental investigation and design of round ended elliptical steel tubular T-joints under axial compression

圆端形椭圆钢管是一种融合圆形和矩形截面特征优势的构件，其圆端部分可以提供良好约束，矩形部分可实现快捷连接，在桁架结构中有着良好的应用前景，然而目前尚缺乏有关圆端形椭圆钢管相贯节点的受力性能研究。为此，通过对13根圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点开展轴压性能试验，研究相贯类型、主支管径比、主支管夹角和是否填充混凝土等对其破坏模式、承载力、初始刚度和延性等力学性能的影响，明确圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点在支管受压作用下相较圆形或矩形钢管相贯节点的承载特征差异，揭示相贯节点的受力机理，提出圆端形椭圆钢管相贯节点的轴压承载力计算式。研究结果表明，圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点表现出良好的轴压性能；支管与主管圆弧段连接的相贯节点轴压承载力分别为圆形或矩形钢管相贯节点的1.07~1.66倍，具有明显的承载优势；主管填充混凝土可使圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点的轴压承载力和初始刚度分别提高75.5%~103.4%和11.9%~60.6%；通过试验结果验证，提出的轴压承载力计算式可较准确地评估圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点的轴压承载力。     

圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点轴压性能试验研究与承载力计算

圆端形椭圆钢管是一种融合圆形和矩形截面特征优势的构件,其圆端部分可以提供良好约束,矩形部分可实现快捷连接,在桁架结构中有着良好的应用前景,然而目前尚缺乏有关圆端形椭圆钢管相贯节点的受力性能研究。为此,通过对13根圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点开展轴压性能试验,研究相贯类型、主支管径比、主支管夹角和是否填充混凝土等对其破坏模式、承载力、初始刚度和延性等力学性能的影响,明确圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点在支管受压作用下相较圆形或矩形钢管相贯节点的承载特征差异,揭示相贯节点的受力机理,提出圆端形椭圆钢管相贯节点的轴压承载力计算式。研究结果表明,圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点表现出良好的轴压性能;支管与主管圆弧段连接的相贯节点轴压承载力分别为圆形或矩形钢管相贯节点的1.07～1.66倍,具有明显的承载优势;主管填充混凝土可使圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点的轴压承载力和初始刚度分别提高75.5%～103.4%和11.9%～60.6%;通过试验结果验证,提出的轴压承载力计算式可较准确地评估圆端形椭圆钢管T形相贯节点的轴压承载力。     

Behaviour of Concrete-Filled Double-Skin Circular Hollow Section Cross Joints Under Axial Compression

This paper presents an experimental investigation on concrete-filled double-skin circular hollow section (CHS) cross joints under axial compression. A total of twenty-two right-angled CHS cross joints with different brace to chord diameter ratio (β), inner tube to outer tube thickness ratio of chord (ω) and hollow ratio of chord (χ) were tested, in which eighteen concrete-filled double-skin CHS cross joints were studied for different shapes of inner tube of chord, two traditional empty CHS cross joints and two traditional concrete-filled CHS cross joints were tested for comparison. The joint strengths, failure modes, load-deformation curves and strain distribution curves of all specimens are reported. The effects of brace to chord diameter ratio (β), inner tube to outer tube thickness ratio of chord (ω), hollow ratio of chord (χ), shape of inner tube of chord and concrete strength on the behaviour of concrete-filled double-skin CHS cross joints under axial compression were evaluated. It is shown from the comparison that the ultimate load and initial stiffness of CHS cross joints are significantly enhanced by strengthening the chord member with inner tube and concrete infill. Furthermore, the ultimate strengths are increased with the increase of the β ratio, whereas the ultimate strengths are decreased with the increase of the χ ratio for all types of concrete-filled double-skin CHS cross joints. On the other hand, the ultimate strengths are enhanced with the increase of the ω ratio and concrete strength for all types of concrete-filled double-skin CHS cross joints, but the enhancement is insignificant. The corresponding finite element analysis was also performed and calibrated against the test results. The design equations are proposed based on the test and finite element analysis results for concrete-filled double-skin CHS cross joints, which are verified to be more accurate.     

内加劲环间距对空间圆管相贯节点性能的影响

以大连国际会议中心为工程背景,应用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS对内置加劲环空间圆管相贯节点进行了非线性有限元分析.本文简要介绍了计算节点有限元模型各关键参数的具体设置,系统分析了在其他参数不变的前提下内加劲环间距对节点强度、刚度以及破坏模式等性能的影响,提出了在相贯节点主管内设置加劲环的合理构造要求,为该工程的设计提供了理论依据.     

Mechanical behavior research on multi-planar steel tubular joints with inner plate

通过对内置加强板的空间DKYY型圆钢管相贯节点的足尺试验和有限元模拟,分析节点应力和变形的发展过程。结果表明：节点在1.3倍设计荷载作用下保持弹性工作状态,具有较高的安全度,可以满足设计承载力需求,有限元分析较好地模拟了加载试验过程,有效弥补了节点试验测点较少的不足,可用于节点受力性能的全面评估。另外,选取较小的主管径厚比和内置加劲板可提高其径向刚度,确保节点破坏时主管处于弹性工作状态;支管加劲板对支管的弹性刚度没有影响,对其承载能力的影响不大,但可以减小支管的径向变形,局部改变支管的应力分布。该节点的构造设计是合理的,其在设计荷载作用下的受力是安全的。