MRAS Observers for Sensorless Control of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators

This paper addresses the analysis and performance of several model reference adaptive system (MRAS) observers for sensorless vector control of doubly-fed induction machines. Small signal models allow the formal analysis of the observers for a given dynamic. The performance of each MRAS observer is analyzed, considering grid-connected and stand-alone operation. The MRAS observers are implemented in a 3.5 kW experimental prototype composed of a doubly-fed induction generator and a wind turbine emulator. Experimental results validate the predictions of the small signal models and demonstrate the performance of the sensorless methods during both steady state and variable speed wind energy generation.     

变速恒频双馈风力发电系统最优风能捕获控制

从分析风力机运行特性出发，研究实现最优风能捕获的系统控制方法。并采用定子磁场定向的矢量控制技术，对双馈发电机转子进行交流励磁，实现发电机有功、无功及转速的独立控制，从而获得最大风能捕获的高效发电运行。仿真结果验证了文中所提出控制策略的正确性和有效性。     

双馈感应风电机组仿真建模及实证研究

随着对可再生能源利用规模的不断扩大,我国风电的装机容量迅速增加,这将给电网的安全稳定运行,系统的发供电平衡以及调峰调频带来越来越多的问题。鉴于此,吉林省电力有限公司与东北电力大学合作进行了风机建模和风力发电对电网动态行为影响的评价研究。为获得双馈风电机组的真实特性以及校验所建模型的准确性,进行了我国首次接于实际电力大系统中的风电场短路试验。本文给出了基于PSCAD/ EMTDC仿真平台的两相旋转坐标系下的双馈感应风电机组电磁暂态模型,并利用该模型模拟联网运行双馈感应风电机组稳态运行及系统发生故障时的动态行为,通过对实测波形和仿真波形的对比分析验证了所建模型的有效性。     

无刷双馈电机控制算法综述

在分析无刷双馈电机的工作原理的基础上,详细比较分析了无刷双馈电机的基本控制算法、自适应控制算法及智能控制算法的发展现状,以及不同控制算法的优缺点和适用场合。最后展望了控制算法的发展趋势。     

双馈风力发电机励磁控制系统研究

研究了电压型网侧变换器的原理,建立了在两相旋转坐标系下数学模型、设计出了控制策略、进行了仿真分析。并通过仿真验证了网侧变频器具有输入输出特性好、谐波少、能量可双向流动等特点。     

风力发电机组的电气控制

本文综述风力发电机组的电气控制。在简述风力涡轮机特性的基础上,介绍恒速发电和变速发电的特点和应用场合,重点是基于同步发电机的“直接在线”发电和基于绕线异步机的“双馈”发电系统,以及桨叶倾角控制系统。作为对未来的展望,最后介绍一种新型锥形转子风力发电机组的设想。     

双馈风力发电系统低电压穿越的建模与控制

为提高双馈感应风力发电机组并网的运行稳定性,研究电网故障下双馈风电机组的运行特性,使发电机在电网故障时仍能保持不间断的运行。本文主要研究了基于Orowbar保护控制的低电压穿越运行的控制策略,通过Orowbar保护电路来限制电压跌落时转子回路的最大电流,并通过仿真分析了电压跌落的程度和旁路电阻的取值对控制的影响。仿真结果验证了在电网电压骤降下Crowbar保护电路的有效性,可实现双馈风力发电机不间断的运行。     

Renewable Energy Systems With Photovoltaic Power Generators: Operation and Modeling

A substantial increase of photovoltaic (PV) power generators installations has taken place in recent years, due to the increasing efficiency of solar cells as well as the improvements of manufacturing technology of solar panels. These generators are both grid-connected and stand-alone applications. We present an overview of the essential research results. The paper concentrates on the operation and modeling of stand-alone power systems with PV power generators. Systems with PV array-inverter assemblies, operating in the slave-and-master modes, are discussed, and the simulation results obtained using a renewable energy power system modular simulator are presented. These results demonstrate that simulation is an essential step in the system development process and that PV power generators constitute a valuable energy source. They have the ability to balance the energy and supply good power quality. It is demonstrated that when PV array- inverters are operating in the master mode in stand-alone applications, they well perform the task of controlling the voltage and frequency of the power system. The mechanism of switching the master function between the diesel generator and the PV array-inverter assembly in a stand-alone power system is also proposed and analyzed. Finally, some experimental results on a practical system are compared to the simulation results and confirm the usefulness of the proposed approach to the development of renewable energy systems with PV power generators.     

变速恒频双馈风力发电机控制策略

本文基于对双馈感应发电机及其矢量控制的理论分析,采用基于速度外环的并网发电控制策略和基于变步长转速扰动的最大风能跟踪算法,构建了110kW变速恒频双馈风力发电模拟平台,实现了变速恒频双馈风力发电机的有功、无功功率的前馈解耦控制和最大功率点跟踪控制。     

Dynamic Programming Power Control for Doubly Fed Induction Generators

This paper presents a novel control strategy, dynamic programming power control (DPPC), to be applied to doubly fed induction generators most commonly used in wind energy applications. Although the technique can be implemented to control both rotor and grid converters, it will hereby be expounded the former, which regulates stator active and reactive powers. The results obtained are compared with those from other techniques, such as direct torque/power control (DTC/DPC) through the use of experimental tests, and indicate that DPPC achieves gains in dynamic response and considerable improvements in terms of ripple reduction and frequency spectrum as a result of constant switching frequency operation. The validation of results has been performed through experimental tests on a 6-kW generator.      

变速恒频双馈风力发电转子侧控制技术的研究

针对转子侧功率变化频繁和直流母线电压波动剧烈的问题,首先设计了交流励磁变速恒频双馈风力发电系统的框架结构,进而对背靠背PWM变流器的控制策略进行了研究。建立了转子侧变流器控制模型,设计了基于定子电压定向（SVO）矢量控制的变速恒频双馈风力发电系统方案,利用Matlab/Simulink构建系统模型并进行了仿真,仿真结果表明控制策略和技术的可行性,系统实现了有功功率、无功功率的解耦控制和最大风能跟踪控制。最后,构建了一台11 kW实验机组,并进行了系统稳态实验研究,验证了方案的可行性。     

Pulsewidth Modulation Control of Brushless DC Motors for Robotic Applications

Pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control of brushless dc motors is implemented with digital servo mechanisms for robotic applications. Under the assumption that the pulse period is much smaller than the motor time-constants, the motor is modeled by a discrete-time transfer function with the pulsewidth playing the role of the control signal. This model enables the application of classical linear control engineering to the design of a digital position servo for the brushless dc steering motors on the CMU Rover. The controller is implemented with a microprocessor and programmable timer to calculate concurrently the actuating signals, time sampling periods, and pulsewidths, as well as to provide commutation. Computer simulation and real-time hardware implementation of the servo demonstrate the efficacy of the approach.     

Modeling of Zinc Bromide Energy Storage for Vehicular Applications

Energy storage devices such as lithium-ion and nickel-metal hydrate batteries and ultracapacitors have been considered for utilization in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and HEVs to improve efficiency and performance and reduce gas mileage. In this paper, we analyze and model an advanced energy storage device, namely, zinc bromide, for vehicular applications. This system has high energy and power density, high efficiency, and long life. A series of tests has been conducted on the storage to create an electrical model of the system. The modeling results show that the open-circuit voltage of the battery is a direct function of the battery's state of charge (SOC). In addition, the battery internal resistance is also a function of SOC at constant temperature. A Kalman filtering technique is also designed to adjust the estimated SOC according to battery current.      

异步发电机在风力发电中的应用

风力发电是当今新能源应用的重要方向。包含异步电机和电力电子变换器的风力发电系统具有良好的应用前景。本文介绍了我国风力产业的现状与发展展望,分析了笼型异步电机和绕线型异步电机在大型风电基地、海上发电和离网式应用中的优势。本文网络版地址：http：//www. eepw.com.cn/article/164381.htm     

Modeling and Simulation of Wind Energy Systems with Matrix and Multilevel Power Converters

This paper is concerned with modeling and simulation in Matlab/Simulink of wind energy systems with different topologies for the power converters: matrix converter and multilevel converter. We use pulse modulation by space vector modulation associated with sliding mode for controlling the converters, and we introduce power factor control at the output of the converters. Finally, we present the electric behavior for the power and the current at the input and at the output of the converters.     

Real-Time Control System Adopted to Energy Storage for Smart Grid Low Wind Applications: A Part of Distributed Renewables in Smart City

In this paper, extensive efforts have been undertaken to design and develop a control system, which is incorporated with an energy storage device that can store energy from low-voltage renewable sources. The developed device acts as a storage element, which can be used to charge small-scale batteries, cellular devices, and other applications in remote places where the grid connection is not available. The circuit is developed using a case-by-case analysis. In order to solve the low output voltage problem, a bipolar junction transistor-metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (BJT-MOSFET) based switch control technology with the Arduino microcontroller has been implemented. The developed control system is extremely efficient in charging batteries through a supercapacitor for low-voltage sources. In this research, a small-scale 200-W portable vertical axis wind turbine is used at a wind speed of 3 m/s. The result shows the efficiency of the proposed system as compared with the conventional systems. The proposed system can be an important tool of the latest distributed energy generation technology which is an important part of a smart city. Lastly, the limitations and future scopes of the development of the control device are discussed for the future barrier. An important future scope identified is to integrate the Internet of Things based mobile interface for remote monitoring for any kind of pandemic situation like COVID-19. Now, it is high time to get our smart city concept aligned with the post COVID pandemic situation and get us prepared smartly for similar future occurrences.     

单相无刷直流电机的设计分析与建模仿真

文中针对单相无刷直流电机结构设计及驱动方式展开研究,推导出电机理想工况下的基本方程,根据工程实际需求并结合无刷直流电机的设计原则确定该电机的设计方案。利用设计方案设计一台额定功率38 W,额定转速750 rpm的单相无刷直流电机,并分析了渐变气隙对电机起动性能和齿槽转矩的影响,确定了最优气隙长度。通过对比单极性绕组和双极性绕组形式的优缺点确定绕组形式,结合传统电机设计公式确定绕组匝数。文中利用有限元法初步验证了设计方案的合理性。根据电机动态数学模型在Simulink环境中搭建了电机系统的模型,仿真得到电机的转速、转矩变化曲线,结果与理论分析吻合良好,验证了电机设计方案的合理性和电机模型的有效性。     

直流无刷电机系统建模与故障检测研究

采用LS参数估计方法对直流无刷电机进行故障检测。通过对整个过程进行数学建模,使用基于微控制器的控制单元,通过测定逆变电源电压、直流电流以及电机的角速度,与计算的参数对比,从而检测出故障。仿真实验和实物实验验证了方法的可行性。     

双馈风力发电系统功率控制的相关问题研究

针对目前在风电系统最大风能捕获控制策略中应用较为广泛的功率控制方法,本文首先分析了当前此法中有关反馈量的选取所存在的误区,并通过仿真验证了理论分析结果。在此基础上,结合双馈风电系统的慢动态模型,通过对其功率控制的稳定性分析,给出了系统的闭环稳定性条件,结果表明,闭环系统的稳定性取决于控制器的参数以及系统的工作点。     

A Novel Control Scheme for Current-Source-Converter-Based PMSG Wind Energy Conversion Systems

A novel control scheme for permanent-magnet synchronous generator is proposed in this paper, where a current-source converter is employed as the bridge between the generator and the grid for high-power wind energy conversion systems. In these medium voltage (2.3-13.8 kV) level applications, current-source converters not only have inherent advantages, but also present some challenges for controller design due to the DC link choke and filter capacitors. The control strategy is developed to achieve better performances with improved dynamic response. By maintaining the grid-side converter modulation index at the highest possible level, the proposed control scheme reduces the DC link current to a minimum value to reduce converter conduction loss. The systempsilas dynamic performance is further improved by adopting generator-side power feedforward. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the proposed control scheme.