平面KT型圆钢管搭接节点静力性能的试验研究

通过对3个平面KT型圆钢管搭接节点的静力单调加载试验,考察节点中内隐蔽部分焊接与否、腹杆搭接顺序等对KT型搭接节点的受力性能和破坏模式的影响,并最终考察其节点承载力。试验结果表明,平面KT型圆钢管搭接节点的受力性能、破坏模式均与间隙节点有所不同;隐蔽部分未焊接较隐蔽部分焊接的节点承载力有一定降低;受压斜腹杆作为贯通腹杆较直腹杆作为贯通腹杆的承载力略有降低。     

平面K型圆钢管搭接节点静力性能的试验研究

对平面K型圆钢管搭接节点的静力性能进行了静力单调加载的试验研究。实施了7个内隐蔽部分不焊接节点和3个内隐蔽部分焊接节点的试验。本文介绍了节点试验方案,考察了搭接节点的受力性能和破坏模式,并对内隐蔽部分焊接与否、焊脚尺寸、节点处集中荷载幅值以及腹杆搭接顺序对节点极限承载力的影响进行了讨论。试验研究结果表明,贯通腹杆受压时内隐蔽部分焊接与否虽然对节点的破坏模式和应力分布有一定的影响,但是对节点极限承载力影响较小;当腹杆与弦杆的壁厚相对值变小后,由于传力不均匀导致的腹杆局部破坏将成为主要破坏模式,而这一因素和所导致的承载力降低在既有的规范公式中尚未有相应的反映。     

平面K型圆钢管搭接节点有限元参数分析与极限承载力计算公式

以平面K型圆钢管搭接节点的试验数据为基础,从节点极限承载力、变形过程和破坏模式等方面对搭接节点的非线性有限元建模方法进行了校验。重点考察了贯通腹杆受压且内隐蔽部分焊接的搭接节点的应力分布、塑性区扩展和破坏模式,以及几何参数、腹杆搭接顺序变化、内隐蔽部分焊接与否对各类搭接节点性能的影响。有限元参数分析结果表明,腹弦杆壁厚比的变化对搭接节点的破坏模式和承载性能影响较大;内隐蔽部分未焊接对贯通腹杆受压的节点极限承载力影响很小,但对贯通腹杆受拉的节点极限承载力影响很大。最后,在零间隙节点承载力计算公式的基础上,应用多元线性回归方法拟合出搭接节点的极限承载力计算公式;该公式与试验结果吻合良好,且具有较好的适用性。     

空间KK形圆管搭接节点静力性能试验研究与有限元分析

以上海旗忠网球中心为工程背景,对平面内外均搭接的空间KK形圆管节点（空间KK-Ov形节点）的静力性能进行了静力单调加载的试验研究和有限元非线性分析。详细介绍了节点试验方案,分析了搭接节点的受力性能、破坏模式、荷载-位移曲线及应变变化规律。在此基础上,建立了非线性有限元分析模型,对节点试验进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。试验结果和有限元分析表明：空间KK-Ov形节点在发生承载力破坏时,常伴随有受拉腹杆与弦杆连接焊缝的开裂;四根腹杆交错搭接的构造,使得空间KK-Ov形节点具有明显区别于间隙节点破坏时管壁局部变形的特征,两受压腹杆之间的弦杆管壁在腹杆压力作用凹陷与腹杆局部屈曲是该类节点的主要破坏模式;平面外两腹杆搭接率ζ_t对节点承载力有一定影响,随平面外两腹杆搭接率的增大（即ζ_t绝对值变大）,节点承载力将会减小。现行规范公式用于计算空间KK-Ov形节点承载力,既未考虑单K平面内搭接的影响,亦未考虑空间参数变化的影响,计算结果较试验结果偏于保守。     

平面KT型圆钢管搭接节点有限元参数分析与承载力计算

以平面KT型圆钢管搭接节点的试验数据为基础,从节点破坏模式、变形过程和承载力等方面对节点的非线性有限元建模方法进行校验。研究揭示了贯通直腹杆受压搭接节点的破坏过程和塑性区扩展情况,重点考察了贯通直腹杆受压且内隐蔽部分焊接的搭接节点几何参数和内隐蔽部分焊接与否对节点承载力的影响。有限元参数分析结果表明：腹、弦杆直径比和弦杆径厚比的变化对搭接节点的承载力影响较大,而腹、弦杆壁厚比和搭接率影响较小;内隐蔽部分未焊接明显降低贯通直腹杆受压的搭接节点承载力;KT型圆钢管搭接节点承载力均大于相应的KT型和N型零间隙节点承载力。最后,在N型零间隙节点承载力计算公式的基础上,应用多元线性回归方法拟合出平面KT型圆钢管搭接节点的承载力计算式;该计算式与试验结果吻合良好,且具有较好的连续性和适用性。     

N形方主管圆支管相贯节点受力性能试验研究

对10个N形方主管圆支管相贯节点进行了静力性能试验研究。试验节点包括6个内隐蔽部分不焊接的搭接节点、2个内隐蔽部分焊接的搭接节点和2个零间隙节点。分析了节点的受力性能、破坏模式和承载力,并对内隐蔽部分焊接情况、支管轴力性质、节点两侧主管轴压力、支管搭接情况等对节点承载力的影响进行了研究。结果表明：内隐蔽部分焊接与否对被搭接支管受拉的节点承载力影响较大,焊缝断裂是内隐蔽部分未焊接节点常见的破坏模式;在试验几何参数条件下的内隐蔽部分未焊接搭接节点在被搭接支管受压情况下的节点承载力较被搭接支管受拉时大很多;节点两侧主管均有轴压力时的搭接节点承载力较仅一侧主管有轴压力时要小;被搭接支管受拉的搭接节点承载力远远高于相应的零间隙节点。研究表明：国内外现行规范中的N形方主管圆支管搭接节点承载力计算公式对发生主管局部屈曲破坏模式的情况并不适用,而且公式也未考虑内隐蔽部分焊接与否、支管轴力性质和主管轴力等因素的影响,还有待完善。     

不同焊接方式下钢管桁架KK型搭接节点有限元分析

KK型圆钢管搭接节点,搭接处隐藏焊缝焊接与否的问题,现行钢结构设计规范(GB50017-2003)未作明确要求.本文利用ANSYS非线性有限元法,分析了搭接节点隐藏焊缝在焊与不焊2种不同焊接方式下,搭接节点的支主管管径比β、径厚比γ、支主管厚度比τ对节点极限承载力的影响.同时分析了在低周往复荷载作用下,搭接节点隐藏焊缝在焊与不焊2种焊接方式下的滞回性能,并给出了滞回曲线.搭接节点不论对角支管相贯通还是一侧支管贯通,隐藏焊缝焊与不焊对节点最终破坏模式影响不大,对节点承载能力的影响也不是十分显著,隐藏焊缝不焊接节点滞回性能优于隐藏焊缝焊接节点.实际工程中隐藏焊缝可以不焊接.     

基于微观断裂机制的XK型相贯节点极限承载力分析

采用基于微观断裂机制的空穴扩张模型（VGM）和应力修正应变模型（SMCS）对XK型相贯节点进行断裂预测,分析了有限元模型中考虑焊缝构型与否对断裂预测结果的影响。通过与试验结果的对比,证明了合理考虑焊缝构型在相贯节点断裂预测中的重要性,验证了VGM模型用于预测相贯节点在单调荷载作用下延性断裂的适用性。分析了XK型相贯节点在腹杆轴力作用下的破坏模式和极限承载力。结果表明,XK型相贯节点可能在受拉腹杆与弦杆之间的焊缝处发生断裂,这种破坏模式属于强度破坏,节点极限承载力应取该断裂荷载|XK型相贯节点也可能在受压腹杆与弦杆相交处因过大的塑性变形而破坏,此时,节点极限承载力应取荷载-弦杆变形曲线的峰值荷载。XK型相贯节点的破坏模式与节点几何构造和腹杆受力状态有关。     

N形方主管圆支管搭接节点有限元分析与承载力计算

基于N形方主管圆支管搭接节点的试验,从节点破坏模式、变形过程和承载力等方面对N形方主管圆支管搭接节点的非线性有限元模型进行了校验。采用验证的有限元分析模型,分析了被搭接支管受拉且内隐蔽部分焊接的搭接节点的应力分布、塑性区扩展和破坏模式,以及几何参数、内隐蔽部分焊接与否、支管轴力性质、主管轴力等因素对节点性能的影响。分析结果表明：支主管径宽比、主管宽厚比、支主管壁厚比是影响N形方主管圆支管搭接节点破坏模式和承载性能的主要因素;内隐蔽部分未焊接对被搭接支管受压的节点承载力影响较小,但对被搭接支管受拉的节点承载力影响较大;支管轴力性质、主管轴压力对N形方主管圆支管搭接节点承载力的影响不可忽视。应用多元线性回归方法,在GB 50017-2003《钢结构设计规范》现有承载力计算公式基础上,拟合出了考虑相关影响系数的修正计算式;按修正计算式计算得到的承载力与试验结果吻合良好,且具有较好的适用性。     

垫板加强K型圆管节点极限承载力研究

对垫板加强K型圆管节点进行非线性有限元分析。研究结果表明,该节点主要有两种破坏模式:支管局部屈曲与垫板屈曲破坏,支管局部屈曲与垫板主管过度塑形变形的联合破坏模式;通过与K型圆管相贯节点对比,了解了垫板加强K型圆管节点荷载-位移曲线的特征,考察了相关几何参数对垫板加强K型圆管节点极限承载力的影响。     

Experimental and Numerical Study on Complex Multi-planar Welded Tubular Joints in Umbrella-Type Space Trusses with Long Overhangs

A test rig with multi-functional purposes was specifically designed and manufactured to study the behavior of multi-planar welded tubular joints subjected to multi-planar concurrent axial loading. An experimental investigation was conducted on full-scale welded tubular joints with each consisting of one chord and eight braces under monotonic loading conditions. Two pairs or four representative specimens (two specimens for each joint type) were tested, in which each pair was reinforced with two kinds of different internal stiffeners at the intersections between the chords using welded rectangular hollow steel sections (RHSSs) and the braces using rolled circular hollow steel sections (CHSSs) and welded RHSSs. The effects of different internal stiffeners at the chord–brace intersection on the load capacity of joints under concurrent multi-planar axial compression/tension are discussed. The test results of joint strengths, failure modes, and load–stress curves are presented. Finite element analyses were performed to verify the experimental results. The study results show that the two different joint types with the internal stiffeners at the chord–brace intersection under axial compression/tension significantly increase the corresponding ultimate strength to far exceed the usual design strength. The load carrying capacity of welded tubular joints decreases with a higher degree of the manufacturing imperfection in individual braces at the tubular joints. Furthermore, the interaction effect of the concurrent axial loading applied at the welded tubular joint on member stress is apparent.     

Research on mechanical behaviour of overlapped CHS-to-SHS welded N-joints

An experimental programme and associated parametric analysis of overlapped CHS-to-SHS welded N-joints were carried out. Two partially overlapped CHS-to-SHS welded N-joints were tested to failure under overlapping brace axial compression and chord axial loading. Elastic-plastic large deflection finite element analysis (FEA) of the experimental joints was performed and the FEA results for the failure mode and ultimate capacity are found to be in good agreement with the tests results. A detailed parametric study is subsequently conducted to examine the failure modes and to study the effect of geometric parameters and chord forces on the ultimate bearing capacity of the joints. The analytical results show that there are four possible failure modes of the joint under overlapping brace axial compression. It also reveals that brace-to-chord width ratio, chord width-to-its thickness ratio and brace-to-chord thickness ratio have a large effect on the failure mechanism and ultimate bearing capacity of overlapped CHS-to-SHS N-joints. Furthermore, the effect of chord compression force on the ultimate bearing capacity of the joints cannot be neglected.     

Failure mechanisms of tubular CHS joints with complete overlap of braces

This paper presents the experimental and numerical results of the ultimate load behaviour of tubular circular hollow section (CHS) joints with complete overlap of braces. A completely overlapped tubular CHS joint specimen is tested to failure under lap brace static incremental axial loading. The failure behaviour of the joint is carefully observed and the test result is used for the verification of finite element (FE) model. A detailed parametric study is subsequently conducted based on 1296 FE models to examine the failure modes and the load-deformation characteristics of the joint. The analytical results showed that there are four possible failure modes of the joint under lap brace axial compression namely the through brace wall plastification, the lap brace yielding, the lap brace local buckling and the lap brace member failure. A combination of these failure modes can be occurred depending on the geometrical parameters of the joints. Among these failure modes, the through brace wall plastification in contact with the lap brace is found to be the most common type of failure behaviour for joints with complete overlapped of braces at high lap brace-to-through brace wall thickness ratio.     

方钢管覆板及竖向插板加强T形节点受压静力试验

为分析方钢管加强节点的轴压承载能力和破坏模式,对支管与主管宽度比β=0.4和β=0.8的两组覆板加强节点、竖向插板加强节点进行轴向静力加载试验。分析了节点破坏模式、荷载 位移曲线、主管变形及应变,以及加强节点的受压承载机理。结果表明：在支管轴向压力作用下,未加强及加强节点的变形能力都较好,试件在破坏前有充分的塑性发展;覆板及插板加强节点的受压承载能力较对应的未加强试件有显著提高,当β=0.4时加强节点的破坏模式与未加强节点一致,当β=0.8时存在节点过度加强问题,引起支管先于节点破坏;相同β下,覆板加强节点的受压承载力高于竖向插板加强节点;在主管表面屈服破坏控制的情况下,覆板加强节点的承载机理为覆板与主管上翼缘共同屈服,竖向插板加强节点的承载机理为插板扩大了主管上、下翼缘的屈服范围。     

国家体育场焊接方管桁架双弦杆KK型节点试验研究

正在建设的国家体育场两两斜交的主桁架构成了许多双弦杆焊接方管KK型节点,该节点连接焊缝密集,构造极其复杂。本文对这种在管结构中较为独特的节点进行了1∶4的缩尺模型承载力试验研究,详细介绍了节点的试验方法和结果,讨论了节点的受力性能、破坏模式以及节点内部加劲肋的作用。研究表明该节点的构造措施较完善可靠,节点具有较高的承载力。节点的薄弱部位处在受压腹杆端部,发生局部屈曲。弦杆内部纵横向加劲肋的设置有效地增强了节点强度和刚度。腹杆端部的局部放大改善了腹杆向弦杆的传力,降低了应力集中。     

冷弯不锈钢管T型及X型节点设计

采用有限元方法,对冷弯不锈钢方管、矩形管支撑和弦杆中的T型、X型及预应力X型节点进行数值分析。考虑几何非线性和材料非线性,获得节点承载力、破坏模式及荷载-位移曲线。利用试验结果,对T型、X型矩形管、方管节点的非线性有限元模型进行修正,直到有限元结果和试验结果足够吻合。采用修正后的有限元模型对172个T型、X型节点进行参数分析,研究冷弯不锈钢管节点强度和性能的影响。将数值分析和试验中获得的节点承载力与按规范计算的设计承载力进行对比。对不锈钢管结构,采用澳大利亚规范、新西兰规范计算;对碳素钢管结构,采用国际管结构发展与研究委员会设计规范和欧洲设计规范计算。通过可靠性分析,分别评价本文提出的设计方法和现有规范的可靠度。结果表明:采用本文方法计算的设计承载力更准确、更可靠。     

Hysteretic performance of circular hollow section tubular joints with collar-plate reinforcement

Welded tubular joints have a weak stiffness in the chord radial direction due to the hollow section, and failure frequently occurs mostly on the chord surface along the weld toe. In the past, collar-plate has been proven to be effective in improving the stiffness and thus increasing the load carrying capacity of a tubular joint. This paper reports the results of a further study on investigating the effect of collar-plate reinforcement on the hysteretic behavior of a welded tubular joint. Overall, a total of 4 tubular T-joints with collar-plate reinforcement together with 4 corresponding un-reinforced specimens are studied experimentally. In the experimental tests, quasi-static axial cyclic loading is applied to these specimens. The hysteretic performance of the reinforced and un-reinforced T-joint specimens is then evaluated from the hysteretic curves, ductility and the energy dissipation ratio etc. Based on the experimental results, it is found that the T-joint specimens with collar-plate reinforcement can dissipate more energy before failure when they are subjected to cyclic loading compared to the un-reinforced ones, and thus they have a more ductile characteristic. Such ductility is attributed to the improved deformed capacity as well as the increased load carrying capacity of the reinforced T-joints.