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1.
Manel Salhi Mariem Gharsallaoui Slimane Gabsi 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2021,123(11):2100013
Plant materials have been used in different fields such as therapeutics, cosmetics, and energy for ages. Several studies have investigated seeds, whether common or not, in order to ensure a better valuation of natural resources. Among these, Pistacia atlantica Desf. has been the subject of several works on its characterization and valorization. Among the current trends in sustainable development and environmental protection, valorizing natural wild plants via green chemistry has become prevalent. One of these plants, Pistacia atlantica Desf., is a tree that grows in arid and semi-arid areas, notably in Tunisia, and produces seeds rich in oil. In this study extracting the oil from its seeds is tried by three methods (supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2), pressure, and hexane), and the efficiency of these extraction processes is compared in order to obtain the best yield and maximize its valorization in a variety of industrial fields. The obtained oil is found to be rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic and oleic acids, with a similar acidic composition among all extraction methods. The tocopherol composition of the oil is determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The total polyphenol content is determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric analysis method. The results show that the seed oil of Pistacia atlantica Desf. extracted by supercritical CO2 gives the highest extraction yield (25%) and the lowest acidity and peroxide values with a high degree of oxidation at 232 and 270 nm. This method also gives the highest content of alpha, gamma, and delta tocopherol as well as total phenolic content compared to the other extraction methods. The composition of chlorophylls and carotenes in the seed oil of Pistacia atlantica Desf. is determined. Besides, the analysis of the sterol composition reveals that β-sitosterol is still prevailing. Among all the tested extracts, the supercritical CO2 extract demonstrates the best antioxidant performance against the tested radicals. The oil extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) is of a higher quality compared to that extracted by pressure and by hexane. Practical applications : The Pistacia atlantica Desf. oil exhibits interesting physicochemical and biological characteristics. The type of extraction affects the quality of the major and minor components in the seeds. However, the supercritical CO2 method produces a better oil quality with the presence of antioxidants such as tocopherols and polyphenols. In fact, it is found that the oil extracted by the three methods has an important sterolic profile with the predominance of β-sitosterol. According to the classification of vegetable oils, unsaturated fatty acids of atlas pistachio oil can be categorized as oleo linoleic oil, which enhances its nutritional value. Having these characteristics, the use of this oil can be considered in agrifood products. 相似文献
2.
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of evening primrose oil 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Fabio Favati Jerry W. King Monica Mazzanti 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(6):422-427
The oil extracted from the seeds ofOenothera biennis L. (evening primrose) is a major commercial source of gamma-linolenic acid, a fatty acid having potential therapeutic value
in the treatment of several diseases. This fatty acid is prone to oxidation and thermal rearrangement; therefore, the conventional
recovery of the oil via mechanical expression and hexane extraction must be carried out under very mild and controlled conditions.
In this study, supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide has been employed as an alternative method to recover evening
primrose oil (EPO). Extractions were performed over the pressure range of 20–70 MPa and at temperatures from 40 to 60°C, with
a CO2 mass flow rate of 18 g/min. The experimental data permitted the determination of EPO solubility in supercritical CO2 at the tested extraction conditions. Supercritical fluid Chromatographic analysis of fractions collected during the extraction
showed a subtle shift in the triglyceride composition. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis on similar fractions indicated that
the fatty acid content was invariant with respect to extraction time.
The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. 相似文献
3.
Gianpaolo Andrich Sabrina Balzini Angela Zinnai Valerio De Vitis Sandro Silvestri Francesca Venturi Roberto Fiorentini 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2001,103(3):151-157
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed represents an important source for edible oil and its protein fraction is also recognised as valuable for human consumption when suitably purified from polyphenols, which negatively affect colour and nutritional value. On this basis, a main research has been developed, with the aim of testing the technical feasibility of a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process involving a preliminary supercritical CO2 (SC‐CO2) extraction of oil from sunflower de‐hulled seeds, followed by the removal of polyphenols from de‐fatted meal by means of ethanol coupled with SC‐CO2. The paper reports the experimental protocol followed, together with the kinetics of the extractions, knowledge of which allows the optimisation of working parameters and the determination of process yields. 相似文献
4.
Laurus nobilis L., commonly known as daphne tree, is an evergreen that belongs to the Lauraceae family. Daphne trees produce grape-sized
shiny purplish berries having three parts: flesh, skin, and an inner kernel (single seed). This study examines supercritical
CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction of oil from daphne seeds. The oil yield of ground seeds varied from 14 to 28% depending on the method and particle
size used for oil recovery. Yields were similar for both petroleum ether and SC-CO2 extraction. The extraction yield decreased significantly with increasing particle size. The amount of extract collected increased
exponentially with increasing SC-CO2 pressure. The highest extraction yield was obtained at the highest temperature studied, 75°C. More than 45% of the oil was
lauric acid. SC-CO2 is a viable technique to obtain high-purity L. nobilis L. seed oil, which is a potential ingredient for the cosmetic industry. 相似文献
5.
Bart G. Muuse F. Petrus Cuperus Johannes T. P. Derksen 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(3):313-317
Dimorphotheca pluvialis is increasingly recognized as an interesting industrial new oilseed crop because it contains up to 60% of the unusual fatty
acid dimorphecolic acid (9-hydroxy,10t,12t-18∶2) (DA) for which new applications are being developed. In this paper, the yield, composition and quality are evaluated
for dimorphotheca oils (DMO) which were recovered by pressing, conventional solvent extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide
extraction (SCE). Mechanical pressing of the seeds required high temperatures and resulted in an oil recovery of only 40%,
whereas the extraction protocols yielded more than 95%. Oil recovery by pressing of winged seed was even more difficult than
that of unwinged seeds; hence, solvent extraction of winged seeds was preferred. The dark-colored DMO, recovered by expelling
or by extraction with organic solvents, needed further refining to remove pigments and gums, whereas the light yellow-colored
SCE DMO did not require further refining. SCE oil had a low phospholipid content (11 mg P/kg). Pressed oil (95 mg P/kg) and
hexaneor pentane-extracted DMO (200 mgP/kg) had much higher phospholipid contents. Peroxide andp-anisidine values were low for freshly recovered oils, but increased after storage, especially in the SCE oil, due to the
low concentration of natural antioxidants in SCE DMO, such as tocopherols. The DA content of the oils recovered by the various
techniques showed only minor differences, except that supercritical carbon dioxide had slightly decreased solubilizing power
for tri- and di-dimorphecolin as compared to hexane and pentane. 相似文献
6.
F. Petrus Cuperus Gerard Boswinkel Johannes T. P. Derksen 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(12):1635-1640
The economics of pilot- to large-scale processing of the new oilssed cropsCrambe abyssinica, Euphorbia lagascae, andDimorphotheca pluvialis into oil, fatty acids, or esters were estimated. It was found that the processing costs forCrambe seed to oil is in the same range as that for rapeseed (≈0.5 U.S. $/kg). Production of fatty acid esters from vernolic and
dimorphecolic acids requires some special downstream processing operations that result in processing costs of about 1 U.S.
$/kg ester. Good-qualityDimorphotheca oil is much more difficult to obtain and requires supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. Processing costs can be as high
as 4 U.S. $/kg oil. 相似文献
7.
Deacidification of black cumin seed oil by selective supercritical carbon dioxide extraction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Selma Türkay Mark D. Burford M. Kemal Sangün Ekrem Ekinci Keith D. Bartle Anthony A. Clifford 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(10):1265-1270
The deacidification of high-acidity oils from Black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa) was investigated with supercritical carbon dioxide at two temperatures (40 and 60°C), pressures (15 and 20 MPa) and polarities
(pure CO2 and CO2/10% MeOH). For pure CO2 at a relatively low pressure (15 MPa) and relatively high temperature (60°C), the deacidification of a highacidity (37.7
wt% free fatty acid) oil to a low-acidity (7.8 wt% free fatty acid) oil was achieved. The free fatty acids were quantitatively
(90 wt%) extracted from the oil and left the majority (77 wt%) of the valuable neutral oils in the seed to be recovered at
a later stage by using a higher extraction pressure. By reducing the extraction temperature to 40°C, increasing the extraction
pressure to 20 MPa, or increasing the polarity of the supercritical fluid via the addition of a methanol modifier, the selectivity
of the extraction was significantly reduced; the amount of neutral oil that co-extracted with the free fatty acids was increased
from 23 to 94 wt%. 相似文献
8.
Emad Karrar Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed Muhammad Faisal Manzoor Frederick Sarpong Wei Wei Xingguo Wang 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2021,123(3):2000104
Cucurbitaceae family seeds are mostly discarded as agro-industrial wastes. Gurum (Citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoide) is an underutilized wild cucurbit plant, closely related to desert watermelon, which is grown abundantly in some African countries. Gurum seeds can play a significant role in health and nutrition due to their high oil content. This review describes the nutritional composition of gurum seeds and their oil profile. Gurum seeds are a good source of oil (27–35.5%), fiber (26–31%), crude protein (15–18%), and carbohydrates (14–17%). Gurum seeds oil is extracted by supercritical CO2 (SFE), screw press, and solvent extraction techniques. The gurum seeds oil is composed of unsaturated fatty acids with a high proportion of linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1). Gurum seeds oil contains various bioactive compounds, such as tocopherols, phytosterols, and polyphenols. It is reported that solvent extraction gives a higher yield than the screw press and SFE, but the SFE is preferred due to safety issues. More studies are required for producing better quality gurum seeds oil by using novel extraction techniques that can increase oil yield. 相似文献
9.
Ehsan Jenab Karamatollah Rezaei Zahra Emam‐Djomeh 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2006,108(6):488-492
Samples of crushed and cooked canola seeds (Okapy Double Zero) were extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) (34.0 MPa and 40.0 °C) and a commercial organic solvent (AW406). Oil solubility was obtained through several stepwise extractions under the conditions of this study, and then three additional extractions were performed to measure fatty acid compositions, iodine values, chlorophyll concentrations and unsaponifiable matter. The yield of SCCO2 extraction was lower than that after extraction with AW406 solvent, due to the incomplete SCCO2 extraction process. Fatty acid composition analysis showed that the SCCO2‐extracted oil was slightly higher in polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower in erucic and behenic acids. However, iodine values and unsaponifiable matter did not indicate significant differences (p >0.05) in the two extracted oils. The chlorophyll concentration of SCCO2‐extracted oil was lower than that in the AW406 solvent, and as a result, the color of SCCO2‐extracted oil was lighter. 相似文献
10.
11.
Janan Hossein Zadeh Onur Özdikicierler Fikret Pazır 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2023,125(2):2200136
Portulaca oleracea (purslane) seed oil is a rich source of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Extraction of the purslane seed oil while preserving its high nutritive quality has been a challenge since conventional solvent extraction has many adverse effects on bioactive content. This study aims the optimization of purslane seed oil supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) conditions and to compare purslane seed oils obtained with SFE and conventional solvent extraction in terms of oil yield, along with the purslane seed oil quality and bioactive content. For this purpose, the SFE process parameters (pressure, temperature, static time, and dynamic time) are optimized for oil yield, omega-6, omega-3, and antioxidant activity using response surface methodology (RSM). Optimum SFE pressure, temperature, static time, and dynamic time levels are determined as 350 bar, 50 °C, 20 min, and 90 min, respectively. Oil yield and physicochemical quality properties of conventional solvent extract and SFE samples are determined and compared. Consequently, samples obtained via SFE and solvent extraction have similar quality properties. Distinctly, SFE allows an extraction with 5.6% higher total phenolic compound (TPC) and 33% higher antioxidant activity than solvent extraction. Practical Applications: In the study, the extraction of purslane oil using supercritical fluid extraction is optimized with different approaches. At optimum conditions, purslane oil is extracted and all physicochemical properties and the process efficiency (yield) are compared with the solvent-extracted samples. The results of this study make supercritical fluid extraction of purslane seed oil possible since all optimum operating conditions of a pilot-sized extractor are reported in the study. It is believed that the results provide a good starting point for industrial operations. Moreover, researchers also believe that research studies unveiling the new potential oil-bearing seeds are important to overcome the vegetable oil shortage that emerged this year. 相似文献
12.
Supercritical fluid extraction of jojoba oil from Simmondsia chinensis seeds using CO2 as the solvent is presented in this study. The effects of process parameters such as pressure and temperature of extraction,
particle size of jojoba seeds, flow rate of CO2, and concentration of entrainer (hexane) on the extraction yield were examined. Increases in the supercritical CO2 flow rate, temperature, and pressure generally improved the performance. The extraction yield increased as the particle size
decreased, indicating the importance of decreasing intraparticle diffusional resistance. The maximum extraction yield obtained
was 50.6 wt% with a 0.23-mm particle size and a 2 mL/min CO2 flow rate at 90°C and 600 bar. Use of an entrainer at a concentration of 5 vol% improved the yield to 52.2 wt% for the same
particle size and also enabled the use of relatively lower pressure and temperature, i.e., 300 bar and 70°C. 相似文献
13.
Ana F. Gouveia Carla Duarte Maria Luísa Beiro da Costa M. Gabriela Bernardo‐Gil Margarida Moldo‐Martins 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2006,108(5):421-428
The effect of red pepper supercritical fluid extracts (SFE) on the oxidative stability of extra‐virgin olive oil was evaluated using accelerated stability tests [Rancimat and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods] and by measuring the changes in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid primary and secondary oxidation products during storage under ambient conditions. SFE were produced according to a central composite rotatable design, at a constant temperature (40 °C), different pressures (15–23 MPa) and superficial velocities (0.04–0.08 cm/s). The results showed that the red pepper extracts produced at low extraction pressure and superficial velocity (e.g. 16.2 MPa and 0.046 cm/s) containing low/intermediate capsaicinoid levels did not affect olive oil stability. The extracts produced at higher pressure showed a slight pro‐oxidant activity. The K232 and K270 values always fell within the limit set by the European legislation for the quality characteristics of olive oil containing no additives. Evaluation of oxidative stability using DSC was found to be a useful methodology, which demands smaller oil samples and shorter times in comparison with the methodology using the Rancimat apparatus. Red pepper SFE obtained at low extraction pressures can be used in order to produce stable flavoured olive oils. 相似文献
14.
Hen-Yi Ju Kuo-Chuan Huang Jiann-Hwa Chen Yung-Chuan Liu Chieh-Ming J. Chang Chih-Chen Lee Cheng Chang Chwen-Jen Shieh 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2010,87(9):1063-1070
The essence oil of the Alpinia oxyphylla seed has been used as a vasodilatatory and analgesic agent in pharmacology. The extraction of the essence oil in supercritical
carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) from Alpinia oxyphylla seeds was investigated. Small particles were obtained after breaking open, sieving, and drying from the Alpinia oxyphylla seeds. The small particles were placed in a 5-L extraction tank in a temperature-controlled system. The CO2 flow rate of the system was set at 1 L/min in this study. Response surface methodology with a three-factor and three-level
Box-Behnken experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of the reaction parameters such as extraction time (1, 2,
3 h), temperature (45, 55, 65 °C), and pressure (20, 30, 40 MPa), on the extraction yield of the essence oil from Alpinia oxyphylla seeds. The results indicate that the extraction pressure was the most important parameter affecting the yield of the essence
oil. A model for the estimation of the yield was developed. Based on the analysis of ridge max, the optimal extraction conditions
were established as an extraction time of 2.8 h, a temperature of 67.5 °C, and a pressure of 28.5 MPa, with an expected yield
of 2.78%. Extraction of Alpinia oxyphylla essence oil in SC-CO2 under these optimal conditions was conducted, and a yield of 2.77 ± 0.19% was obtained. 相似文献
15.
Anil Kumar 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2019,206(8):1072-1086
A novel green synergistic reactive extraction technique for the removal of lactic acid (LA) from aqueous solution was explored. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the process variables for LA synergistic reactive extraction using a mixture of trioctylamine and Aliquat336 as extractants. During this present investigation, 2-butanol and sunflower oil were used as organic and green diluent. Systematic investigation has been carried out to obtain the optimum process conditions viz. initial LA concentration, pH of aqueous solution, extractant ratio, extractant concentration, solvent ratio, phase ratio, temperature, stirring speed, and contact time for maximizing the LA distribution coefficient (KD) and extraction efficiency (%, η). The highest experimentally achievable LA distribution coefficient (KD) and extraction efficiency (%) at optimized process conditions were found to be in close agreement with those predicted by numerical optimization using RSM. Thus, the results of present finding have been shown a great ability of sunflower oil as an economic and environmentally friendly green solvent for LA extraction. 相似文献
16.
Particle size effects on supercritical CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> extraction of oil-containing seeds
Rosehip seeds were milled, sieved, and extracted with 26.3 g/g substrate/h of supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) at 40°C and 300 bar. The extraction kinetics were characterized by an initial solubility-controlled period (8.78 g oil/kg
CO2 at 40°C and 300 bar), followed by a transition period to a final mass transfer-controlled process. The integral yield of
oil approached an asymptotic value that was dependent on the particle size of the substrate: 57.1 g oil/kg dry oil-free substrate
(large particles), 171.0 g/kg (medium-size particles), or 391.5 g/kg (small particles). Based on gravimetric determinations
and microscopic analysis, our size-classification process segregated seed parts having different oil contents. Particles ≥0.85
mm were mainly composed of tough, lignified testa fragments devoid of oil, whereas particles ≤0.425 mm contained mostly brittle,
oil-rich germ fragments. The segregation of seed in fractions with different oil contents may be a common occurrence in supercritical
extraction experiments, especially for seeds with thick and/or hard testa and small germ, whose fractions can be separated
by sieving. 相似文献
17.
《The Journal of Supercritical Fluids》2001,19(2):149-159
Extraction of egg yolk oil (EYO) from egg yolk powder (EYP) with supercritical CO2 was performed on a laboratory apparatus. Solubility of EYO in supercritical CO2 was measured. The external diffusion and the equilibrium between solid and fluid phases were experimentally found to be the controlling steps during the extraction process. Based on this mechanism, a mathematical model for this extraction process was developed. The model parameters, adsorption equilibrium constant (kp), EYO concentration in solid controlling the transition in the equilibrium (xk) and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (Kfap), were obtained by simulation. The simulation results indicated that xk is 0.56, Kfap is directly proportional to CO2 flow rate with an exponent of 0.548, and the adsorption heat of EYO is 6–9 kJ mol−1. The model was verified by concentration profiles of solid. The extraction process of EYO with supercritical CO2 was conducted on a pilot plant and the developed model could predict satisfactorily the process. 相似文献
18.
Shi Lina Ren Fei Zhao Xudong Du Yangong Han Fa 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2010,87(10):1221-1226
The seed oil of Microula sikkimensis had been intensively studied due to its pharmacological actions. In the present study, seed oil of Microula sikkimensis was extracted using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). Determinations of the extracts composition were performed by gas
chromatography (GC). An orthogonal array design (OAD), OA9 (34), was employed for optimization of the supercritical fluid extraction of the compound with regard to the various parameters.
Four factors, namely pressure (21.0–27.0 MPa), the dynamic extraction time, temperature, and CO2 flow rate of the supercritical fluid, were studied and optimized by a three-level OAD. The effects of the parameters on the
yield of seed oil were studied using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that the pressure had a significant
effect on the yield of seed oil (p < 0.05), while the other three factors, i.e., CO2 flow rate, dynamic extraction time and temperature, were not identified as significant factors under the selected conditions
based on ANOVA. The results show that the best values for the extraction condition of seed oil was pressure 24.0 MPa, extraction
time 3 h, temperature 45 °C and a CO2 flow rate 20 L/h in the 20-L vessel. 相似文献
19.
Petra Kotnik Mojca kerget
eljko Knez 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2006,108(7):569-576
In the present work, high‐pressure extraction of borage (Borago officinalis L.) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) seed oil, containing the valuable γ‐linolenic acid (GLA), has been investigated. Extraction was performed with supercritical carbon dioxide on a semi‐continuous flow apparatus at pressures of 200 and 300 bar, and at temperatures of 40 and 60 °C. A constant flow rate of carbon dioxide in the range from 0.17 to 0.20 kg/h was maintained during extraction. The extraction yields obtained using dense CO2 were similar to those obtained with conventional extraction using hexane as solvent. The composition of extracted crude oil was determined by GC analysis. The best results were obtained at 300 bar and 40 °C for both seed types extracted, where the quality of oil was highest with regard to GLA content. The evening primrose seed oil extracted with supercritical fluid extraction was particularly rich in unsaturated fatty acids: up to 89.7 wt‐% of total free fatty acids in the oil. The dynamic behavior of the extraction runs was analyzed using two mathematical models for describing the constant rate period and the subsequent falling rate period. Based on the experimental data, external mass transfer coefficients, diffusion coefficients and diffusivity in solid phase were estimated. Results showed good agreement between calculated and experimental data. 相似文献
20.
The current study focuses on the recovery of grape seed oil by supercritical CO2 extraction. Grape seeds from six grape cultivars were extracted in two subsequent harvesting years, and the resulting oils were characterized for the relative amount of: (a) lipid classes; (b) lipid acyl chains; and (c) tocopherols and tocotrienols. Comparative extractions were performed by utilizing n-hexane as solvent and by mechanical pressure. A well-established modeling approach was applied to evaluate the mass transfer parameters affecting the kinetics of supercritical CO2 extraction: with these parameters, process scale-up can be addressed. The results reported in this study testify the potentiality of grape seed oil as a source of unsaturated fatty acids and tocols. Moreover, they offer a clear picture of the similarities and differences among oils from different grape cultivars and obtained through different extraction techniques. 相似文献