复杂目标电磁散射特性仿真与实验

对两种形状较为复杂的军用目标缩比模型的电磁散射特性进行了仿真计算和实验,研究了复杂金属目标的电磁散射时域算法,提出了解决MOO算法求解目标瞬态散射稳定性的方法.给出了一种实验测量模型与数据处理方案.将仿真和实验得到的时域散射场数据解卷积分别与利用MOM计算的目标频域散射场数据进行比较,结果表明:在一定的频域范围内仿真与实验结果较好地保持了一致,从而验证了算法的有效性和实验正确性.     

PDM: A versatile digital transmission system for video

This report discusses a pulse density modulation (PDM) video transmission system. PDM is a one-bit digital coding scheme with advantages of transparency due to an inherently extended signal bandwidth and relatively simple decoding; these make it ideal for a variety of applications. The system outlined is designed to carry a single analogue video channel, together with several sound channels, over a 140 or 280 Mbit/s digital transmission-link. An alternative option to the sound channels will be to carry a 2.048 Mbit/s data channel. Since the analogue video input will be PDM coded, this will enable the system to carry video formats which have a flat base-band frequency response requirement of in excess of 20 MHz (such as HDTV), allowing a large degree of flexibility in use.     

Finding spatio-temporal salient paths for video objects discovery

Many videos capture and follow salient objects in a scene. Detecting such salient objects is thus of great interests to video analytics and search. However, the discovery of salient objects in an unsupervised way is a challenging problem as there is no prior knowledge of the salient objects provided. Different from existing salient object detection methods, we propose to detect and track salient object by finding a spatio-temporal path which has the largest accumulated saliency density in the video. Inspired by the observation that salient video objects usually appear in consecutive frames, we leverage the motion coherence of videos into the path discovery and make the salient object detection more robust. Without any prior knowledge of the salient objects, our method can detect salient objects of various shapes and sizes, and is able to handle noisy saliency maps and moving cameras. Experimental results on two public datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in both qualitative and quantitative terms. Comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods further demonstrate the superiority of our method on salient object detection in videos.     

A practical design of digital watermarking for video streaming services

A practical design of digital watermarking for video streaming services is proposed in this research. The information of a legitimate recipient is represented as a watermark, which is embedded in the video stream to serve as a cue to trace the recipient in case a clone of the video is illegally distributed. The watermark signals are designed to embed in some areas of video frames to benefit the video stream server, as the result of only partial actions required, including decoding, processing and re-encoding. The invariance of feature points and the self-similarity of hidden signals are further exploited to enable watermark detection without involving the original video. The watermark can decently survive transcoding processes and geometrical modifications of frames. The experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed scheme in terms of watermark visibility, capacity and detection methodology.     

A codec for HDTV signal transmission through terrestrial and satellite digital links

A codec for digital transmission of HDTV is described. The bit-rate compression algorithm is based on advanced techniques such as spatial discrete cosine transform (DCT), temporal differential PCM (DPCM), variable length coding. The codec is designed to operate with both the interlaced studio systems 1125/60 and 1250/50, and, thanks to the inherent flexibility of the packet structure, a wide range of line bit-rates can be used as a compromise between video quality and bit-rate constraints of the digital transmission link. The flexibility of the HDTV codec is highlightened through examples of applications over satellite digital links in practical situations.     

基于局部熵的红外图像小目标检测

文中采用红外图像的局部熵变化为检测准则,确定红外图像小目标位置,对较大的红外图像目标,局部熵突变发生在目标边缘,用本方法也可确定目标边缘。文章给出了算法的实现过程,最后,用海上红外小目标真实图像进行了实验,得到了满意的结果。     

Multiresolution coding techniques for digital television: A review

Multiresolution decompositions for video coding are reviewed. Both nonrecursive and recursive coding schemes are considered. In nonrecursive schemes, it is shown that pyramid structures have certain advantages over subband or wavelet techniques, and a specific spatiotemporal pyramid coding of HDTV is discussed in some detail. It is shown that recursive, DPCM like schemes will incur a slight loss of optimality due to a restricted form of prediction if multiresolution decomposition with compatible decoding is required. Compatibility and transmission issues are also discussed. Multiresolution transmission for digital broadcast TV is introduced. This, when combined with multiresolution source coding, achieves spectrum efficiency, robustness and graceful degradation under channel impairments.Invited PaperWork supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants ECD-88-11111, MIP-90-14189 and Bell Communications Research.Work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants ECD-88-11111. K.M. Uz is now with David Sarnoff Research Center in Princeton, NJ 08543.     

基于深度学习的目标检测研究与应用综述

基于深度学习的目标检测算法相较于传统的目标检测算法,对复杂场景的稳健性更强,是当前研究的热点方向。根据基于深度学习的目标检测算法的流程特点将其分为两阶段目标检测算法和单阶段目标检测算法,着重介绍了部分经典算法所解决的问题及其优缺点,梳理了其在工业界的应用情况,对其存在的问题进行了讨论,对未来可能的发展趋势进行了展望。     

A hybrid algorithm for automatic segmentation of slowly moving objects

Segmentation of moving objects in video sequences is a basic task in many applications. However, it is still challenging due to the semantic gap between the low-level visual features and the high-level human interpretation of video semantics. Compared with segmentation of fast moving objects, accurate and perceptually consistent segmentation of slowly moving objects is more difficult. In this paper, a novel hybrid algorithm is proposed for segmentation of slowly moving objects in video sequence aiming to acquire perceptually consistent results. Firstly, the temporal information of the differences among multiple frames is employed to detect initial moving regions. Then, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is employed and an improved expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is introduced to segment a spatial image into homogeneous regions. Finally, the results of motion detection and spatial segmentation are fused to extract final moving objects. Experiments are conducted and provide convincing results.     

应用DWT-GMRES方法快速计算二维电大介质目标RCS

运用内外等效原理对更具普遍性的有耗与无耗电大介质目标电磁散射特性进行了分析,并应用Daubechies离散小波变换,结合广义最小余量法对平面波照射的二维电大介质目标的雷达散射截面进行了计算。将其结果与传统矩量法和解析解进行了比较,结果表明：在不影响精度的前提下,尤其是对电大目标,该方法在降低计算复杂度,节约存储空间等方面具有明显优势,并可将其推广至其他介质体的散射分析中。     

A method for designing wave absorbers for cylindrical objects

A method for designing wave absorbers for cylindrical objects with various diameters is discussed. The nonreflection curves and the reflection losses of cylinder-type wave absorbers for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes are calculated by the mode expansion method. Experiments that confirm the validity of the analysis were conducted. The reflection losses are measured for conducting cylinders coated with available wave absorbers, which are designed under the flat plate condition. The comparison between the calculations and the experimental results shows good agreement     

基于机器视觉的动态环境运动目标智能识别研究

运动目标自动识别是当前的一个重要研究课题,当前运动目标识别方法存在耗时长、效率低、准确性差等缺陷,为了解决当前动态环境运动目标识别过程存在的缺陷,提高运动目标识别正确率,提出了基于机器视觉的动态环境运动目标自动识别方法.首先研究了运动目标识别进展,分析运动目标识别效果不理想的原因,然后引入机器视觉技术提取运动目标识别的...     

A feature-based digital watermarking scheme for halftone image

It is a challenging work to design a robust halftone image watermarking scheme against desynchronization attacks. In this paper, we propose a feature-based digital watermarking method for halftone images with low computational complexity, good visual quality and reasonable resistance toward desynchronization attacks. Firstly, the feature points are extracted from host halftone image by using multi-scale Harris–Laplace detector, and the local feature regions (LFRs) are constructed according to the feature scale theory. Secondly, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is performed on the LFRs, and the embedding positions (DFT coefficients) are selected adaptively according to the magnitude spectrum information. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into the LFRs by quantizing the magnitudes of the selected DFT coefficients. By binding the watermark with the geometrically invariant halftone image features, the watermark detection can be done without synchronization error. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is invisible and robust against common signals processing such as median filtering, sharpening, noise adding, and JPEG compression, etc., and desynchronization attacks such as rotation, scaling, translation (RST), cropping, local random bend, and print-scan, etc.     

A two-level reconfigurable architecture for digital signal processing

This paper describes a novel reconfigurable architecture for digital signal processing (DSP). This architecture consists of a two-level array of cells and interconnections. On the upper level, fundamental DSP operations such as multiplication and addition are mapped onto blocks of 4-bit cells. On the lower level, each cell uses a 4 × 4 matrix of smaller “elements” to perform the necessary computations. Cells also contain pipeline latches for increased throughput. The architecture features a simple VLSI implementation that combines the flexibility of memory elements with the speed of DOMINO logic. Initial prototypes have been fabricated using a modest 0.5-μm CMOS technology. Circuit simulations of the cell in 0.25-μm technology indicate that the design achieves a clock frequency of 200 MHz.     

基于卷积神经网络的鲁棒高精度目标跟踪算法

目标跟踪是计算机视觉中重要的研究领域之一.为了跟踪复杂场景中外观变化剧烈的目标,本文提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的目标跟踪算法.算法中的网络模型结构包括预训练的特征提取层和自适应更新的分类器层.在开始跟踪前,首先训练全连接层和分类器层的参数,以及目标的特征与位置之间的线性关系.其次,定义了评估跟踪结果可信度的标准.如果得到的跟踪结果的可信度较高,则根据跟踪结果的特征调整位置,提高跟踪结果的精确度.最后,在训练网络时,每次迭代都选择分类器得分的最高的负样本参与训练.该策略可以提高模型的分辨能力.在OTB50测试集中的实验结果表明,我们的算法取得了良好的跟踪结果.     

A homomorphic filtering method for imaging strongly scatteringpenetrable objects

This paper describes a new method for determining the structure of strongly scattering penetrable objects having permittivity fluctuations with scales comparable to the illuminating wavelength. We are concerned with the case when small wavelength or weakly scattering approximations, such as the Born or distorted wave Born approximations, or slowly varying approximations such as the Rytov approximation, are not valid. The problem is formulated as one of recovering, in principle, a quantitative image of the object's permittivity distribution function from a set of perturbed images. Each perturbed image is obtained by backpropagating the scattered field measured around the object for different illumination directions. These backpropagated images are filtered in the differential cepstral domain to recover the object permittivity distribution, and we show reconstructions from both simulated and real microwave scattered data     

MPEG-M: A digital media ecosystem for interoperable applications

MPEG-M is a suite of ISO/IEC standards (ISO/IEC 23006) that has been developed under the auspices of Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). MPEG-M, also known as Multimedia Service Platform Technologies (MSPT), facilitates a collection of multimedia middleware APIs and elementary services as well as service aggregation so that service providers can offer users a plethora of innovative services by extending current IPTV technology toward the seamless integration of personal content creation and distribution, e-commerce, social networks and Internet distribution of digital media.     

基于多分辨率格网的三维物体识别方法

本文首先提出了一种改进的三维物体表达方法,它将一个三维物体表面网格与其它表面网格的几何关系表示为一个二维矩阵,称为距离角度图.这种表达能够描述任意形态物体,抑制杂乱背景和遮挡,几何意义直观,且适应不同分辨率、非规则的三角格网.然后,以这种表达方法为基础,本文阐述了一种基于多分辨率格网的,由粗到精的三维物体识别方法.它先在场景和模型的低分辨率格网上进行粗匹配以得到模型候选集合,之后在已匹配网格的高分辨率格网邻域上筛选模型候选集合,最后综合考虑多个网格对应的模型候选以得到最终模型候选的确认和验证.这种识别方法具有运算量小,准确可靠等优点,实验证明该方法正确有效.     

基于深度学习的图像目标检测算法综述

图像目标检测是找出图像中感兴趣的目标,并确定他们的类别和位置,是当前计算机视觉领域的研究热点。近年来,由于深度学习在图像分类方面的准确度明显提高,基于深度学习的图像目标检测模型逐渐成为主流。首先介绍了图像目标检测模型中常用的卷积神经网络;然后,重点从候选区域、回归和anchor-free方法的角度对现有经典的图像目标检测模型进行综述;最后,根据在公共数据集上的检测结果分析模型的优势和缺点,总结了图像目标检测研究中存在的问题并对未来发展做出展望。     

A structured methodology for assessing and improving e-services in digital cities

Many cities all over the world are making large investments for the construction of big network infrastructures, in order to offer to local public organizations, businesses and citizens high speed connectivity, and on top of them useful e-services, aiming to achieve various social and economic objectives. The value generated from these costly ‘digital city’ investments is actually the value provided to the citizens and businesses by the e-services that will be developed and run on these network infrastructures. This paper proposes and validates a structured methodology for assessing and improving e-services developed in digital cities. The proposed methodology assesses the various types of value generated by an e-service, and also the relations among them, allowing a more structured evaluation, a deeper understanding of the value generation process and also identification and prioritization of the improvements that should be made in the e-service with the usually scarce resources in municipalities. This methodology is applied for the evaluation of an e-learning service developed in the Greek city of Karlovassi for young citizens, and also for the prioritization of the necessary improvements in it. The above application provided positive and encouraging evidence concerning the validity, usefulness and applicability of the proposed method.