The Objective Assessment of Fabric Pilling. Part II: Experimental Work

The paper presents the results of pilling assessments of fifty knitted fabrics by the application of the laser triangulation technique. It also compares the results with the corresponding values given by a panel of judges.     

织物起球性能及几种起球试验仪敏感性的研究

1　文献回顾起球是指织物在水洗、干洗、试验或穿着过程中因纤维纠缠而形成的凸出于织物表面的纤维球粒。这些球粒的密度非常大 ,光照时光线不能透过而产生投影。起球过程中 ,纤维相互纠缠并使周围各根纤维也被纠缠其中 ,导致织物表面状况更为恶化。毛粗纺针织物的起球现象一直是个问题 ,所以已发表文献中许多是关于含有羊毛纤维针织物的起球问题。纺织工业自从发展并广泛使用化学纤维以后 ,起球现象已成为一个更为严重的问题 ,这是由于化学纤维具有较高的抗拉强力。许多研究者们专门研究了合纤混纺织物的起球性能 ,如 :Sivakumar提出涤棉…     

Instrumental Evaluation of Fabric Pilling

Image analysis has been widely accepted as an objective method for evaluating fabric appearance, This paper presents the development of an image-analysis method that aims at characterizing and rating fabric-pilling appearance. The procedures involved in using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and other techniques to correct image defects, such as non-uniform background and low contrast, are demonstrated. Examples are given. A novel approach that splits a fabric image into periodic and non-periodic structures is explained. A template-matching technique used for extracting pills from the non-periodic image is presented. Pill properties are characterized by density, size, and contrast, and measurements on the ASTM photographic standards are used to build the empirical grading equations of fabric-pilling.     

织物起球性能的模糊综合评判

传统的织物起球性能评定方法——标准样照结合评级法有许多不确定因素。文章尝试利用图像处理技术对织物的起球图像进行分析并提取合适的毛球指标,采用模糊识别法评定织物的起球性能。     

基于频率信息的织物起毛起球等级检测

针对织物毛球含有的信息和织物纹理结构等干扰信息频率不同的特点,采用Haar小波变换将图像按频率分层,依据纹理结构产生频率信息在数量上的优势,以及纹理信息分解的方向性和毛球信息分解的各向异性,找到纹理及毛球所在频率层。在毛球层上计算起毛起球密度,毛球大小,毛球形状等特性参数,进而依据这些参数实现未知织物类型的起毛起球等级判定,判定准确率达到91.3%。     

小波分析理论在织物起毛起球图像消噪中的应用

小波变换具有多分辨率的特点,在时域和频域都有表征信号局部信息的能力,从而使得小波分析理论在图像处理等领域得到广泛的应用。本文基于Matlab数学分析工具环境下从实验角度出发,探讨了其在织物起毛起球图像消噪中的应用。     

Fabric Objective Measurement: A Comparative Study of Fabric Characteristics

The general characteristics of eight fabric groups as measured by the KES-F system are described. These fabric groups are divided by fibre content, fabric construction and special finishing treatment. Using silk fabric as a reference, caustic-reduced polyester fabrics exhibit strong silk-like characteristics except in their surface properties. Liquid ammonia-treated cotton fabrics also possess a certain silky hand. Micro-fibre fabrics are soft and smooth, but they do not have the high Kishimi hand which is typical of silk fabrics. Fabric construction has some influence on fabric stiffness, but not on hysteresis. Polyester-lining fabrics have high bending stiffness and polyester/cotton fabrics have very high shear stiffness and hysteresis. These two groups of fabrics are the least silk-like. Shear properties and bending hysteresis appear to be the most important factors affecting the hand of the fabrics studied.     

竹原纤维织物风格的客观评价与分析

采用KES-FB风格评价系统测定了竹原纤维织物在低负荷下的基本力学性能,在此基础上计算得到织物的5项基本风格值,并与麻织物进行了比较分析。研究发现,竹原纤维织物平挺滑爽,但丰满性和柔顺性较差。通过对试样基本力学性能指标的主因子分析,得到表达竹原纤维织物风格的丰满厚重性、弹性伸长、硬挺度及滑爽度4个综合指标。     

图像处理技术在评估织物起球等级上的应用

介绍了应用图像处理技术评估织物起球等级的过程，主要包括织物起球图像的采集、图像的预处理、毛球的分割、特征提取和等级评定。图像的采集有两种方式，即灰度图像的采集和距离图像的采集，对采集到的起球图像进行预处理后，通过毛球分割，将毛球从图像背景中区分出来，根据分割的结果提取织物起球等级的特征指标，如毛球个数等，最后根据这些特征指标与标准等级特征指标对比进行起球等级的评定。     

Matlab用于织物起毛起球图像的小波消噪处理初探

文章利用Matlab强大的图像处理工具箱和小波工具箱,对起毛起球织物图像进行消噪处理。研究结果表明,这种方法是行之有效的。     

The Assessment of Fabric Wear and Handle Caused by Increments of Accelerator Abrasion in Dry Conditions Part I: Changes in Some Fabric Mechanical Properties as a Result of Abrasion

In this paper, sane aspects of the physical and mechanical properties of woven fabrics, such as mass, thickness, stiffness, air-permeability, and compression, are considered as criteria for assessing the effects of damage caused by changes in frictional abrasion when the Accelerator Tester is used. Two 100% cotton woven fabrics were used in the experiment. Results show that changes occurred in fabric properties as a result of incremental wear. The mass per square metre, coercive couple, and flexural rigidity show a consistent decrease, while thickness, air–permeability, and compression show inconsistent increases with increasing time of abrasion.     

用于织物性能客观测试的FAST系统

FAST（Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing）系统是澳大利亚联邦纺织研究院开发的一套测试织物性能的装置和方法,用于测试织物的服装加工性能和织物在服用过程中的外观性能。     

Measurement of the Surface Prickle of Fabrics Part I: The Evaluation of Potential Objective Methods

Surface prickle of fabrics can be a factor limiting the use of the coarser types of wool in apparel or upholstery products. An investigation is reported in which, in order to find a method of measuring prickle, a selection of fabrics with a widely differing number and stiffness of protruding fibres was assessed for prickle subjectively and by three potential objective techniques: low-pressure compression-testing, laser-counting of protruding fibres, and a modified audio-pick-up method. It was found that the audio technique was the most effective of those explored. The mean integrated signal per contact (a parameter measured by the audio technique, indicative of the mean force per contact between a fibre and the stylus) was found to correlate well (r = 0.89) with the subjectively determined relative degree of prickle.     

Objective Evaluation of Wool Fabric Finishing

The paper reviews the use of objective tests in wool fabric finishing and in evaluating new finishing technologies. Examples of the use of objective measurement in common finishing problems are included.     

纺织品的起毛起球性能--特殊的测量和评价方法

毛球会对纺织品的外观及其美观价值起负面影响。本文的着重点不是讲述起毛起球的原理,而是如何准确测量和评价起毛起球的程度。     

染色工艺对羊绒针织物起球性能的影响分析

从纤维、纱线、织物、染色、整理和穿着条件六个方面概述了羊毛针织物对起毛起球的影响。然后,以白色羊绒纤维为原料、制备四组粗纺纬平针羊绒针织物样品,在3种染色工艺条件下进行起球性能测试,采用SPSS软件进行数据分析。由单因子方差分析的结果显示,与未染色、兰纳洒脱染色样品相比,采用兰纳素低温染色工艺的样品抗起球性能存在显著提高的趋势。     

An Improved Method of Fabric Objective Measurement

Abstract

This experimental work shows how, by means of simple tensile tests, one can estimate low-stress behavior of woven fabrics.     

针织物表面起毛的客观评价

运用计算机图像处理和分析技术，提取针织物图象中反映织物外观的特征参数（纱线和毛羽的覆盖系数，纱线灰度，毛羽的数目等），以此定量分析针织物在条处理前后起毛程度的变化。图象分析技术可作为针织物外观客观化的有效手段。     

家用织物柔软剂和酶洗涤对起球和断裂强度的影响

1　前　言　　起球影响织物的美观和舒适性因而受到纺织和服装生产厂以及消费者的关注。织物起球是一个复杂的现象 ,它包括几个阶段并受诸多因素的影响。这些因素包括纤维种类和横截面形状 ,纱线种类和结构以及织物种类和结构。同时织物整理剂也因影响这些纺织参数而对起球有重要作用。例如烧毛和热定形可减少织物起球并且多年来都被用于减轻起球。此外 ,所用化学整理剂和许多十分常用的家用织物柔软剂也可能增加起球。在文献中 ,柔软剂对起球的影响是不确定和矛盾的。 Smith和 Block认为织物柔软剂有时对减少起球可能是有效的 ,因为它们可…     

随机翻滚法测定织物起毛起球性能新旧标准的对比与分析

为更好理解运用新标准GB/T 4802.4—2020《纺织品织物起毛起球性能的测定第4部分:随机翻滚法》,对比分析了其与旧标准GB/T 4802.4—2009的主要差异。通过试验验证新标准具有较好的测试稳定性,测试结果与标准GB/T 4802.3—2008起球箱法不具有一致性,最后提出一点建议。