环锭纺及转杯纺和喷气涡流纺混色纱的纤维混合效果研究

为研究环锭纺、转杯纺和喷气涡流纺3种不同成纱方法对混色纱中各色纤维混合效果的影响,分别使用3种成纱方法、2种条混方式(1道并条工序、3道并条工序)纺制6种混色纱,并制作6种混色纱的横截面切片样本,通过计算汉密尔顿指数,表征混色纱中各色纤维径向分布的均匀程度,分析不同成纱方法的纤维混合规律;同时测试6种混色纱的成纱性能,分析不同成纱方法混色纱的成纱质量。结果表明:转杯纺混色纱纤维混合效果优于环锭纺和喷气涡流纺,环锭纺次之,喷气涡流纺纤维混合最不均匀;经过3道并条工序的混色纱纤维混合效果优于经过1道并条工序的混色纱;环锭纺混色纱的强度最高,喷气涡流纺混色纱的毛羽最少。     

Influence and comparison of emerging techniques of yarn manufacturing on physical–mechanical properties of polyester-/cotton-blended yarns and their woven fabrics

Abstract

In this study, the physical–mechanical properties of ring spun, ring compact, rotor and air-vortex yarns were investigated. The study was carried with yarn having linear densities of 24.4 tex and 36.7 tex, which were then converted to woven fabrics. The ring spun yarns have higher values of strength but also with higher strength irregularities. Extra-ordinarily low hairiness was observed in air-vortex yarns due to its unique yarn formation technique. The deviation rate (DR) of yarns have correlation with the mass spectrogram of respective yarns obtained from USTER Tester 5. Rotor and air-vortex yarns exhibited higher coefficient of friction. The woven fabrics made from ring spun yarns exhibited higher tensile and tear strength with higher elongation at break. The fabrics made from air-vortex yarns have very good pilling grade due to less protruding fibres on their surface and good structural integrity.     

缆型纺纱线与传统纺纱线性能比较

缆型纺纱技术是在环锭纺纱机前罗拉出口处有一个分割轮将其牵伸后的纤维须条分割成若干股纤维束,经过加捻形成新型结构的纱线.比较了8.8 tex和8.3 tex羊毛传统环锭纺纱线与缆型纺纱线的毛羽与耐磨性.试验结果表明,8.8 tex和8.3 tex羊毛缆型纺纱线的毛羽数少于传统环锭纺纱线的毛羽数,并且8.3 tex羊毛所形成纱线的毛羽数高于8.8 tex羊毛纱的毛羽数;缆型纱的耐磨次数高于传统纺纱线的耐磨次数,8.3 tex澳毛加工的缆型纱的耐磨次数高于8.8 tex澳毛缆型纱线的耐磨次数.     

嵌入式复合纱与环锭纱的性能对比分析

为了了解毛涤嵌入式复合纱的结构和性能特点及其与环锭纱的差异,在传统环锭细纱机上加装2个长丝喂入装置和2个粗纱喂入装置纺制毛涤嵌入式复合纱,在传统环锭细纱机上纺制环锭纱;在捻系数相同的条件下,纺制了29 tex的毛涤嵌入式复合纱和环锭纱,对两种成纱的力学性能、条干和毛羽进行了测试和对比分析.结果表明:毛涤嵌入式复合纱相比环锭纱,断裂强度、断裂伸长率高,条干CV值低,表面光洁,毛羽少.     

细纱后区牵伸倍数对成纱质量的影响

在相同工艺条件下,以5种不同后区牵伸倍数纺制了C18.2 tex和C14.6 tex纱,进行了纱线性能测试,分析了后区牵伸倍数对成纱质量的影响。结论是,后区牵伸倍数为1.38时,C18.2 tex和C14.6 tex纱质量最好,表明后区牵伸倍数趋近临界牵伸倍数时,成纱长毛羽少,条干CV值低,且粗细节、棉结少。     

精细化黄麻/棉混纺纱的工艺探讨

利用精细化后的孟加拉黄麻纤维与棉纤维在环锭纺纱系统上进行18.2 tex 30/70黄麻/棉和36.4 tex 55/45黄麻/棉混纺纱的纺制,对梳理、并条、粗纱等工序的工艺做了初步探讨,对混纺细纱的捻系数进行了优化,并对两种混纺纱的机械强力、毛羽与条干等质量指标进行了测试.     

转杯纺复合纱与sirofil复合纱的性能对比分析

纺纱方式的不同使得纱线的结构和性能也不同。通过将转杯轴中心开孔,借助转杯负压的作用引入长丝的方法纺制转杯纺复合纱;通过在传统环锭细纱机上加装1个长丝喂入装置的方法纺制sirofil复合纱。测试分析这2种复合纱在相同规格和纺纱条件下其纵向形态、起毛性、毛羽、纱线表面纤维抽拔力和强力等相关性能。研究结果表明,转杯纺复合纱表面光洁,毛羽少,不易起毛起球,耐磨性能好,其强力稍低于sirofil复合纱。     

喷气涡流纱及其织物性能分析

文章对竹浆纤维和莫代尔纤维两种原料的喷气涡流纱与环锭纱及其织物进行了测试分析和比较,得出喷气涡流纱制成的织物与环锭纱制成的织物相比具有更加柔软,强度较低,表面光滑,耐磨,透气较好的特点。     

丽赛纤维喷气纺纱性能研究探讨

文章采用丽赛、天丝、粘胶、棉、涤棉为原料分别进行喷气纺纱，并将喷气纱线性能进行比较，研究丽赛喷气纺的纱线强力、条干、毛羽、弯曲刚度等性能。     

Influence of fibre strength and yarn structural characteristics on tensile failure of blended spun yarns: a prediction model

The study reports on the static failure behaviour of P/V blended ring, rotor and air-jet spun yarns explained on the basis of fibre failure coefficient. Fibre failure coefficient is an index introduced to represent fibre break and slip in combination occurring during tensile failure. Fibre break/slip during tensile failure is found dependent on fibre strength, fibre cohesiveness and internal structural developments in yarns. Tensile failure behaviour of ring, rotor and air-jet yarns found to be different owing to their difference in fibre consolidation mechanism. The contribution of individual components towards fibre failure coefficient varies with the spinning technology. An attempt has been made to develop mathematical models to explain the spun yarn failure behaviour under static condition. The developed mathematical models have incorporated the fibre property (fibre strength) and few structural characteristics of yarns which are strategically selected to justify the essence of models to enhance the prediction capability. Individual models are developed for ring, rotor and air-jet yarns owing to their structural changes caused by their inherent fibre consolidation mechanism. The developed mathematical models are free from assumptions and based on pure applied mathematics and have very high potential for prediction of spun yarn failure behaviour.     

An investigation on yarn engineering using artificial neural networks

Abstract

Engineering of spun yarns having specific tensile, evenness and hairiness characteristics is a long-cherished dream of spinning technologists. Selection of suitable raw materials at minimum cost and optimisation of process parameters are the two major tasks to be achieved to manufacture engineered yarn. Advent of high-speed fibre-testing machines and development of powerful modelling tools such as artificial neural network (ANN) have provided a great impetus in the yarn engineering research. This article demonstrates the feasibility of yarn engineering by developing a yarn-to-fibre ‘reverse’ model, using ANN. This approach is entirely different from the prevailing forward models, which predict the properties of final yarn using the fibre properties as inputs. The cost minimisation of cotton fibre mix was ensured by using the classical linear programming approach in combination with ANN. The engineered yarns demonstrated good agreement with the target yarn properties.     

原色与脱色牦牛绒精梳纯纺纱工艺研究

针对牦牛绒纤维主体长度短、长度离散度大、含有大量粗死毛等导致无法使用现有毛精纺设备实现精梳制条的问题,通过采用便捷喂毛、高效预梳、低损伤分梳、落物充分回收装置组成高效分梳机构,将卷曲、块状绒团拉伸为基本伸直的单纤维状.在细纱工序,分别采用环锭纺、网格圈紧密纺、全聚纺纺制原色和脱色牦牛绒单纱和赛络纱,并对成纱质量进行测试...     

转杯纺与赛络纺氨纶/棉包芯纱的性能对比

通过将转杯轴中心开孔,借助转杯负压的作用引入长丝的方法纺制了转杯纺氨纶丝/短纤包芯纱;通过在传统环锭细纱机上加装一个长丝喂入装置的方法纺制Sirofil包芯纱.测试了这两种包芯纱在相同规格和纺纱条件下纱线的纵向形态、毛羽、强力和条干等相关性能.分析得出结论为转杯纺包芯纱表面光洁,毛羽少,不易起毛起球,强力稍低,条干稍差于Sirofil纱,并分析解释了原因.     

压力棒隔距块在棉纺中的应用

为了探讨在棉纺生产中压力棒隔距块对成纱质量的影响,分析了压力棒隔距块的原理,并在FA506型环锭细纱机上加装不同型号的压力棒隔距块分别纺制出CJ9.7 tex、CJ7.3 tex纱线,测试纱线的毛羽、强力、条干等各项指标并进行对比分析。结果表明,在棉纺中使用压力棒隔距块后,成纱条干有所改善,成纱强力变化不大,成纱毛羽的变化也不明显。     

喷气涡流纺工艺对粘胶/涤纶包芯纱性能的影响

为获得更高强力的喷气涡流纺纱线,通过引入涤纶长丝制备喷气涡流纺粘胶/涤纶包芯纱。采用统计分析等方法研究了芯丝线密度、纺纱速度对喷气涡流纺粘胶/涤纶包芯纱强伸性、条干不匀和毛羽的影响规律,同时对比分析了不同纺纱条件下包芯纱的结构外观。研究结果表明：芯丝线密度、纺纱速度对喷气涡流纺粘胶/涤纶包芯纱各性能响应值有不同程度的影响;纺纱速度过高或过低均不利于包芯纱成纱的强伸性提高和条干均匀性改善,纺纱速度的增加会使毛羽H值增大;在一定范围内,增加芯丝线密度有利于包芯纱强伸性的提高,随芯丝线密度的增加,包芯纱毛羽H值减小;此外,选用较大的芯丝线密度和较高的纺纱速度时,纺制的包芯纱芯丝外露现象越明显。     

The effect of air-jet nozzle structural parameters on new cotton rotor-jet spun yarn properties

In this paper, a hybrid spinning system the so-called “rotor-jet spinning method” which utilizes the air-jet nozzle in rotor spinning process is presented. Thus, air-jet nozzles with different structures of 90S, 90Z, 60Z, and 30Z (the values of 90, 60, and 30 are orifice angles and S and Z are air rotational directions) were designed and constructed and then mounted between the take-up nozzle position and doffing tube in a rotor spinning machine. The air-jet pressure was changed at 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.2 and 1.5 bar values. The physical properties of cotton rotor-jet spun yarns with yarn count 20 Tex and nominal yarn twist of 938 TPM were investigated and compared with that of normal rotor-spun yarn. The experimental results indicated that by utilizing a 90Z air-jet nozzle at 1 bar air pressure, the highest yarn tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and twist, and lowest elongation are obtained compared with those of normal rotor as well as rotor-jet spun yarns with 30Z, 60Z, and 90S air-jet nozzle types. However, the rotor-jet spun yarn irregularity produced with 90Z air-jet nozzle is almost identical to normal rotor-spun yarn. It is also shown that the rotor-jet spun yarn hairiness properties which were produced with a 90Z air-jet nozzle at air pressure values of 0.2, 0.5 and 1 bar is almost similar to normal rotor-spun yarn while the lowest yarn hairiness is achieved at air pressure value of 0.8 bar. The experimental results of this paper suggest that the newly developed rotor-jet spun yarn is superior to normal rotor-spun yarn from the point of view of yarn tensile, abrasion resistance, twist, and partially hairiness properties.

     

聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维阻燃产品加工技术

为提高聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维的可纺性,改善其纱线性能,采用转杯纺纱技术纺制纱线,通过各方案试纺对比,研究了转杯纺主要工艺参数与成纱质量的关系,合理选择工艺参数,提高了聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维的成纱质量。采用PANOF转杯纱开发的织物在阻燃性、耐磨性方面明显优于环锭纱织物。     

旋流喷嘴对不同线密度纱线的作用机制

为研究旋流喷嘴纺纱方法对不同线密度纱线的减羽效果,借助计算流体软件模拟旋流喷嘴内部气流特性及不同线密度纱线在气流作用下的压强与速度分布,并用纺纱试验进行验证。模拟结果表明,进入纱道后的气流沿顺时针方向分别朝纱道入口及出口方向运动,纱线表面毛羽主要受到气流的包裹力和由于纱线自转而产生的相对包裹力作用。气流的旋转特性使得纱道管壁附近的压强高于轴线附近,因此不同线密度纱线的表面所处涡流的位置不同,受到的气流包裹力也不同。纱线线密度较小,表面受到的压强分布密集,x、y、z 向速度波动较大,其中20 tex 纱线表面的压强和速度分布情况优于10、30、40 tex 的。研究结果表明,旋流喷嘴压强在0.2 MPa 下,对20 tex 大麻/ 棉（40/60）的减羽效果最优,达到了87.6%,与数值模拟结果一致。     

环锭纺和紧密纺纱线的比较研究

比较研究了以棉、聚酯纤维为原料、在不同的紧密纺系统上纺制的相应的 环锭纺和紧密纺纱线.结果表明紧密纺纱线与环锭纺纱线相比,弹性、拉伸性、耐磨性、刚度和紧密度较高,毛羽、条干不匀率和疵点较少,纱线直径较小.而且,紧密纺的弹性恢复参数比环锭纺要好得多.从改变比例的方面来说,RoCoS系统纺出来的纱线与Zinser和Suessen紧密纺系统纺出来的纱线相比较时,表现出弹性、直径和紧密度的改变量小,但是拉伸性变化大.     

涡流纱机织产品的生产体会

探讨涡流纱机织产品的生产工艺特点.测试了细度相同的涡流纱、传统环锭纱和转杯纱的断裂强度和毛羽,并将这3种纱线分别应用于机织生产.通过实践发现,与传统环锭纱和转杯纱相比,涡流纱具有毛羽低、条干好的特点,采用较小的上浆率就可以满足喷气织机的织造要求,且织造耗能较低.