内压薄壁椭圆封头的简易计算方法

本文给出了一种计算内压薄壁椭圆封头不失稳壁厚的简易计算方法。按该法设计椭圆形封头比其它方法更优越，且所给出的公式是建立在实验基础上的经验公式，具有足够的安全可靠性。同时本文公式应用范围也比较宽。     

压力容器新型封头最佳结构参数探讨

在给定坐标系下,对中间面经线由曲线ｙ＝Ａｘ＾ｎ（２〈ｎ≤３）以及圆弧组成的封头的压力状况进行了分析,认为当ｎ＝２．２５时,该类封头具有最佳结构参数。同时分析了压力容器新型封头的可行性。     

浅析标准椭圆封头与旋压椭圆封头的区别

在压力容器制造中,采用JB/T4729-94《旋压封头》中的椭圆形封头来替代JB/T4737－95中的标准椭圆形封头,笔者认为,这种替代不是等效的,因而也是不妥当的。该文用薄膜理论分析了不等效的原因,旋压椭圆形封头的本质及其应力分布,指出了它与标准椭圆封头的替代关系。     

再谈旋压封头与标准椭圆封头的替代

通过比较几种旋压封头与标准椭圆封头的形状,并在理解JB4732[1]、ASME[2]、AD[3]等规范关于凸形封头的设计计算方法的基础上,认为只要能满足GB150-1998[5]规定的标准椭圆封头的允许形状偏差,不论封头的成形方法如何,都应属于标准椭圆封头,故在材料、厚度相同时可以等效代替标准椭圆封头。     

标准椭圆封头选用的探讨

应用薄膜理论应力分析,指出用JB／T4729－94中的椭圆封头替代JB／T4737－95中的椭圆封头是不妥的,并对制造过程中由于拉伸减薄而使用较厚钢板来制造封头时应注意的问题进行了论述。     

压力容器标准椭圆封头拼接焊缝射线探伤工艺的改进措施

为了满足生产需要对椭圆封头拼接焊缝射线探伤工艺进行改进。并取得了满意效果。     

再谈旋压封头与标准椭园封头的替代

通过比较几种旋压封头与标准椭圆封头的形状,并在理解JB4732[1]、ASME[2]、AD[3]等规范关于凸形封头的设计计算方法的基础上,认为只要能满足GB150-1998[5]规定的标准椭圆封头的允许形状偏差,不论封头的成形方法如何,都应属于标准椭圆封头,故在材料、厚度相同时可以等效代替标准椭圆封头.     

椭圆封头电渣焊拼接时最佳焊接位置的计算机辅助设计

在分析了焊接过程的基础上 ,介绍了最佳焊接位置和焊接过程中熔池变化的计算方法和计算步骤 ,建立了相应的数学模型 ,并编写了简单的计算机应用程序     

标准椭圆封头上的定点和接管夹角

在椭圆封头开孔设计中,常需确定开孔点的位置,通常是由x求y,如封头有非径向接管时,则在开孔补强计算时需计算接管轴线与封头表面法线的夹角θ。(见CD130A1.3-84) 使用本表可查出标准椭圆封头(JB1154—     

椭圆形封头的快速定量画法

椭圆形封头的快速定量画法赵济汉（东台市锅炉压力容器检验所）陈晓岷（东台市钼酸化工厂）关键词椭圆形封头画法在椭圆形封头的制图中，一般通过取点用曲线板或直接用四心圆作图法作出封头的近似图，但曲线板作图误差较大，四心圆法作图又较繁琐。故笔者对四心圆作图法...     

碟形封头水压试验稳定性研究

深入探讨了碟形封头水压试验时的稳定性,并对会发生失稳的碟形封头提出了合理的设计方法     

关于折边锥形封头设计问题的研究

研究了ＧＢ１５０ ８９《钢制压力容器》中有关折边锥形封头的设计方法,阐述了其理论依据。同时认为其中有不合理之处,并对此提出了一些意见供工程人员参考。     

关于积极推进大型化工装置国产化的几点意见

关于积极推进大型化工装置国产化的几点意见大型化工装置国产化工作研讨会会议纪要为贯彻党的十四届五中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和２０１０年远景目标的建议》，推进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变，采用先进的制造技术，加速重大装备...     

整体多层包扎式高压容器筒体与球形封头连接区应力状态有限元分析

建立了整体多层包扎式高压容器多层筒体与球形封头连接区有限元接触分析模型,得到了端部阶梯式连接结构的应力分布状况,并与相同尺寸非多层结构的应力分布进行了比较。结果表明,两种结构内外壁应力变化趋势相似,在连接区出现明显的应力集中,连接处轴向应力上升趋势大于周向应力,达到最大应力值后迅速衰减。     

在用压力容器中常见表面缺陷的检验和评定

对在用压力容器检验中常见的表面缺陷评定及处理进行论述。通过对国内外检验规范的比较和结合工程实践,在一些问题上提出了某些解决方法。     

顺排椭圆管束的对流换热及流阻特性

对空气横掠顺排椭圆管束的换热及流阻特性进行了实验研究。讨论了放热系数沿管束纵向及横向的分布规律以及平均阻力系数随管束总排数的变化关系。给出了计算顺排椭圆管束放热系数及阻力的实验关联式。实验结果表明，顺排椭圆管束的管外放热系数略低于相应的叉排椭圆管束及圆管管束，但前者的阻力却比后两者低得多。     

人工神经网络与失效评定图在压力容器安全评定中的应用

采用人工神经网络与失效评定图相结合的方法对压力容器进行安全评定,样本评定结果和Ｒ６ 失效评定图方法的评定结果一致,并对评定结果进行了参数敏感性分析,分析结果令人满意。人工神经网络为压力容器安全评定智能化提供了一个有效的手段。     

Identification and characterization of flow structures in chemical process equipment using multiresolution techniques

Planar information of velocity from 2D particle image velocimetry (PIV) and large eddy simulation (LES) data have been studied using multiresolution wavelet transform (WT) formalisms, i.e., discrete and continuous WT. Identification of dominant energy containing structures with their characterization in terms of fractal spectra have been carried out for industrially important equipment exhibiting turbulent behavior. These include annular centrifugal contactor, jet loop reactor, ultrasound reactor, channel flow, stirred tank and bubble column reactor. The characterization of their dynamics based on denoising the data and studying the local energy along the WT scales show sensitive variation and this helps in identifying the size and shape of structures. A dependency is seen between mixing time and the higher order moments of length scale distribution, viz., skewness and kurtosis and a generalized correlation has been built up for important types of equipment and associated flow parameters. The correlation is not only based on the knowledge of reactor geometry and operating conditions but also on the flow structures via their statistical parameters. Wavelet transform modulus maxima (WTMM) methodology has been used to study the evolution of structures and their interaction in a reduced dimensionality by evaluating the fractal spectra. Classification studies have been carried out using principal component analysis (PCA) of the fractal spectra. The results obtained show clear classes for the six types of equipments and delineate regimes to obtain benchmark patterns of flow hydrodynamics based on PCA co-ordinates. This methodology offers a generalized way for the optimal design and operation of different types of reactors.     

A new approach for the combined chemical and mineral classification of the inorganic matter in coal. 1. Chemical and mineral classification systems

This work introduces and evaluates a new approach for the combined chemical and mineral classification of the inorganic matter in coal. Thirty-seven coal samples from Australia, Bulgaria, USA, Japan, Canada, South Africa, China, Spain, and Ukraine, which differ considerably in their geology, rank, age, ash yield, chemistry and mineralogy, were used to establish the classifications. The chemical classification system was organized according to the contents and significant positive or negative correlations of ash-forming elements in coal ashes using three composition-based criteria, namely: (1) sum of Si, Al, K, and Ti oxides; (2) sum of Ca, Mg, S, and Na oxides; and (3) Fe oxide. This approach resulted in four chemical coal ash types (sialic, calsialic, ferrisialic, and ferricalsialic) further divided into seven subtypes (with high, medium and low acid tendencies) based on the sum of Si, Al, K, and Ti oxides. The more important mineral classification system was organized according to the contents, genesis, and behaviour of mineral classes and species in coals also using three composition-based criteria, namely: (1) silicates + oxyhydroxides; (2) carbonates; and (3) sulphides + sulphates + phosphates. This approach resulted in four mineral coal types (silicate, silicate-carbonate, silicate-sulphide, and silicate-sulphide-carbonate or mixed) further divided into seven subtypes (with high, medium and low detrital tendencies) based on the sum of silicates and oxyhydroxides. The chemical and mineral coal types and subtypes are characterized and relationships and distinctions between them also are described herein. The benefit of this new classification approach is the use of significant correlations and actual element associations, and well-defined and genetically described mineral classes and species in coal. Potential applications of the classification schemes are described in part 2 of the present work.