钛的电阻钎焊技术研究

研究了Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ和Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ金属间化合物合金的热轧组织与性能,结果发现：随着变形量的增加,两种合金第二相Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３变得细小且趋向于均匀分布。变形量越大,合金的室温四点弯曲程度越大,含Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３较多的Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ合金的弯曲强度较高。两种合金的室温弯曲断口形貌均为准解理形式,两相界面结合较强。高温拉伸试验表明：随变形量的增大,Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ合金的拉伸强度和塑性都增加。Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ合金由于变形量较大和较高的强化相体积含量,拉伸强度明显较Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ合金的为高,但塑性却大为降低     

Zr52.5CU17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5块体非晶退火后的力学性能

观察亲测试了Ｚｒ５２．５Ｃｕ１７．９Ｎｉ１４．６Ａｌ１０Ｔｉ５块体非晶在不同退火条件下的显微组织与力学性能,等温退火后可以得到尺寸约为３０－６０ｎｍ金属间化合物相用分布在非晶基体上的混合结构,研究表明：Ｐ块体非晶的压缩屈服强度为１．６６ＧＰａ,断裂强度为１．７８ＧＰａ,塑性约为０．５％,等温退火后,材料强度随着析出纳米相的体积分数（Ｖ）的培加发生明显的变化,Ｖ＝１８％时为１．９１ＧＰａ,Ｖ＝４７＾     

Dynamic response and plastic deformation behavior of Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI and Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V alloys under high-strain rate

Split Hopkinson pressure bar test system was used to investigate the plastic deformation behavior and dynamic response character of a-type Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI and near a-type Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V titanium alloy when subjected to dynamic loading. In the present work, stress–strain curves at strain rate from 1.5 9 103to 5.0 9 103s-1were analyzed, and optical microscope(OM) was used to reveal adiabatic shearing behavior of recovered samples. Results show that both the two alloys manifest significant strain hardening effects. Critical damage strain rate of the two alloys is about 4.3 9 103s-1, under which the impact absorbs energy of Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI and Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V are 560 and 470 MJ m-3, respectively. Both of them fracture along the maximum shearing strength orientation, an angle of 45° to the compression axis. No adiabatic shear band(ASB) is found in Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI alloy, whereas several ASBs with different widths exist without regular direction in Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V alloy.     

Ti细化A357铝合金中的析出相

用透射电镜研究了Ｔｉ细化Ａ３５７铝合金组织中析出相的形态,组成及其对合金变形,性能的影响。结果表明：Ｔｉ细化Ａ３５７铝合金组织中主要存在着弯曲状的Ｔｉ３Ｓｉ５,直杆状的ＴｉＡｌ３及短棒状的Ａｌ和Ｔｉ为主,含Ｍｇ和Ｓｉ的化合物,拉伸变形过程中,析出相阻挡和缠结位错,对合金有一定的强化作用,和过程中,析出相周围先形成表面无析出区,延长时效时间后该区消失,对合金的拉伸性能造成的一定的影响。     

Influence of Pin Offset on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Mg/Ti Dissimilar Alloys

The influences of pin offset on the formation, microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joint of Ti6 Al4 V and AZ31 B Mg dissimilar alloys were investigated. The results show that sound joints are obtained at different offsets. With the offset decreasing from 2.5 to 2.1 mm, the number of Ti alloy fragments is increased, and the stir zone(SZ) is enlarged and the grains in SZ become coarser. A hook-like structure is formed at the Mg/Ti interface and its length is increased with the decrease in pin offset. The Al element has an enrichment trend at the Ti alloy side near the Mg/Ti interface when the offset is decreased, which is beneficial to the bonding of the interface. An Al-rich layer with a thickness of 3–5μm forms at the offset of 2.1 mm. All the joints fracture at the interface and present a mixed ductile-and-brittle fracture mode. The joint tensile strength is increased with the offset decreasing from 2.5 to 2.1 mm, and the maximum tensile strength of 175 MPa is acquired at the offset of 2.1 mm.     

Fabrication of Mo-Ti functionally graded material

１　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｎｅｗｋｉｎｄｏｆｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｌｙｇｒａｄｅｄｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ（ＦＧＭ）ｗｉｔｈｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｇｒａｄｉｅｎｔｗｉｌｌｂｅｕｓｅｄｉｎｄｙｎａｍｉｃｈｉｇｈｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ［１］．ＳｕｃｈＦＧＭｃａｎｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｑｕａｓｉｉｓｅｎｔｒｏｐｉｃｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｏｎｔａｒｇｅｔｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ,ｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇｅｘｔｒｅｍｅｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｏｒｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙｆｏｒｄｙｎａ…     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of tungsten inert gas welded–brazed Al/Ti joints

The tungsten inert gas welding–brazing process using Al-based filler metal has been developed for joining 5052 Al alloy to Ti–6Al–4V alloy in a butt configuration. The results indicated that heat input influenced the morphology and thickness of the interfacial reaction layer of Al/Ti joints, which played an important role in the mechanical properties of weldment. With the optimised tungsten electrode offset D of 1.0?mm from Al/Ti initial interface to Al side and welding current of 70?A, the thin cellular-shaped and club-shaped TiAl₃ reaction layers formed in the brazing zone, which contributed to suppressing crack initiation and propagation during tensile test. Eventually, the maximum tensile strength of 183?MPa was obtained and the optimised Al/Ti joint fractured at Al alloy base plate. Moreover, the power density characterisation and joining mechanism of Al/Ti joints were discussed.     

连续铸造法制备大块非晶合金

研究了经真空电子束焊连接而成的Ti3Al/TC 11合金在经过近等温锻造及不同制度的热处理后,连接界面的高温拉伸性能.结果表明,Ti3Al/TC 11合金在500～600℃的高温拉伸性能差异较小,说明Ti3Al/TC 11合金在此温度范围的高温拉伸性能比较稳定,可安全服役,尤其是以变形40％近等温锻造+梯度热处理的合金高温拉伸性能较佳,这和变形程度与组织中晶粒的形态、大小及分布有关.虽然焊接过程中在焊缝区形成了一些金属间化合物,但由于随后经过了近等温锻造和热处理,可在一定程度上使其破碎、重新分布而得到均匀细小的组织,因此改善了焊接界面的组织,提高了焊接界面的高温拉伸性能.     

Effects of solid deformation and melt vibration on structure and refining performance of Al5Ti1B master alloy

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＧｒａｉｎｒｅｆｉｎｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｆｅｒｓｓｕｂｓｔａｎｔｉａｌｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｉｎｂｏｔｈｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｃａｓｔｉｎｇｂｙｄｉｒｅｃｔｃｈｉｌｌ (ＤＣ)ａｎｄｉｎｃａｓｔ ｔｏ ｓｈａｐｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ[1].Ａｌ 5%Ｔｉ 1 %Ｂｍａｓｔｅｒａｌ ｌｏｙ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｍａｉｎｌｙｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓＴｉＡｌ3ａｎｄＴｉＢ2 ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｉｎＡｌｍａｔｒｉｘ[2 ,3]ｈａｓｂｅｅｎｐｒｏｖｅｎｔｏｇｉｖｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｇｒａｉｎｒｅｆｉｎｅｍｅｎｔ[4 ,5 ].Ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎｏｆ 0 …     

Microstructure and properties of 2618-Ti heat resistant aluminum alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONAluminumalloy 2 6 18isaheat treatableAl Cu Mg Fe Niforgingalloywhichiswidelyusedinair craftenginecomponentsandautomobileindustries[1] .ItisaheatresistantstructurematerialfabricatedbyI/Mtechnique .TheadditionofsmallamountofFeandNiproducesmicrostructuralstabilityunderther malexposure .Themain precipitatesarecoherentGuinier Preston Bagaryatskii (GPB )zoneswhichformrapidlyonagingattemperaturesuptoatleast2 0 0℃andsemi coherentS′(Al2 CuMg) phasewhichcanapparentlystrength…     

Methodology for estimating the critical resolved shear stress ratios of α-phase Ti using EBSD-based trace analysis

A novel method for calculating the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) ratios of different deformation system types in polycrystalline non-cubic metals has been developed. The mean CRSS ratios between different deformation systems were calculated for both commercially pure (CP) Ti and Ti–5Al–2.5Sn (wt.%) tensile deformed at ambient temperature and 455 °C using an in situ scanning electron microscope-based testing technique combined with electron backscattered diffraction. It was found that the relative activity of the different deformation systems changes as a function of alloying composition and deformation temperature. Prismatic slip was the most active deformation mode for CP Ti. CP Ti exhibited a lower resistance to prismatic slip at both ambient and elevated temperatures compared with Ti–5Al–2.5Sn. For Ti–5Al–2.5Sn, prismatic slip was the most active deformation system at ambient temperature although the basal slip activity significantly increased compared to CP Ti, mostly likely due to an increased c/a ratio resulting in a closer packed basal plane. At 455 °C, basal slip exhibited a lower CRSS than prismatic slip for Ti–5Al–2.5Sn. The relative activity of other deformation systems was also affected by alloying and temperature. The statistical resampling technique of bootstrapping was used to generate multiple equivalent data sets from which mean CRSS ratios between different deformation systems, and associated confidence intervals, could be deduced. It was found that the mean CRSS ratios at low and high strains varied slightly for the same testing conditions. Moreover, lesser activated slip systems resulted in relatively larger confidence intervals for the CRSS means. This variability may be attributed to a number of potential factors, including measurement errors, rotations of grains during deformation, local stress state variations, and work hardening. The analysis further suggests that awareness of the intrinsic statistical variability in CRSS ratios should be considered when formulating crystal plasticity constitutive models.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Mn alloy with erbium

The effect of trace element Er on the microstructure and properties of Al-6Mg-0.7Mn-0.1Cr-0.15Ti alloy was investigated. The results show that the ultimate room-temperature and high-temperature strength sof the alloy have not increased obviously with the addition of erbium, but the uniform elongation of alloys decreases from 9% and 27.5% to 5.5% and 22.5%, respectively. The reason is that the addition of Er will first react with Ti, Cr to form Al20Ti2Er, Al8Cr4Er phases. The precipitation strengthening make...     

变形处理对Al-Ti-C中间合金的影响

研究了变形处理对Al-Ti-C中间合金细化效果的影响。研究表明，采用不同的变形手段对Al-Ti-C中间合金变形以后，其细化效果明显下降，而且随变形量的增加，细化效果下降愈严重。作者分析了变形后Al-Ti-C中间合金的微观组织，发现变形后TiAl3相呈断裂状态，而且在TiAl3相内部分布的TiC颗粒与其分离开来。作者认为这是造成Al-Ti-C中间合金细化效果下降的主要原因。     

Deformation of nanocrystalline binary aluminum alloys with segregation of Mg,Co and Ti at grain boundaries

The influence of the temperature and sort of alloying element on the deformation of the nanocrystalline (NC) binary Al alloys with segregation of 10.2 at % Ti, Co, or Mg over grain boundaries has been studied using the molecular dynamics. The deformation behavior of the materials has been studied in detail by the simulation of the shear deformation of various Al bicrystals with the grain-boundary segregation of impurity atoms, namely, Ti, Co, or Mg. The deformation of bicrystals with different grain orientation has been studied. It has been found that Co introduction into grain boundaries of NC Al has a strengthening effect due to the deceleration of the grain-boundary migration (GBM) and difficulty in the grain-boundary sliding (GBS). The Mg segregation at the boundaries greatly impedes the GBM, but stimulates the development of the GBS. In the NC alloy of Al–Ti, the GBM occurs actively, and the flow-stress values are close to the values characteristic of pure Al.     

Influence of Al Addition on Oxidation Behavior of Cu–Ni–Cr Alloys at 973–1073 K in 1.01 × 10<Superscript>2</Superscript> kPa Pure Oxygen

The oxidation behavior of Cu–20Ni–15Cr–2.5Al and Cu–20Ni–20Cr–2.5Al alloys was studied at 973–1073 K in 1.01 × 10² kPa pure oxygen. The oxidation kinetics exhibited large deviations from the parabolic rate law and were comprised of three or four quasi-parabolic stages. Oxidation rates of the present alloys were much lower than those previously reported for a Cu–20Ni–20Cr alloy. Cu–20Ni–15Cr–2.5Al alloy formed a continuous scale of chromia in contact with the alloy, while at other locations, the scale formed deep protrusions into alloy along β phases. Cu–20Ni–20Cr–2.5Al alloy formed a continuous scale of chromia with a small quantity of light and unoxidized precipitates of α phase, especially at 1073 K. There was a thin layer depleted in Cr beneath the continuous scales of chromia. The addition of 2.5 at.% Al to Cu–Ni–Cr alloy made the diffusion of reactive component Cr become much faster and facilitated the formation of a continuous external scale of chromia for a lower Cr content.     

Interrogations on the sub-surface strain hardening of grit blasted Ti-6Al-4V alloy

In this work we characterize the microstructural changes induced by grit blasting of the Ti6Al4V alloy and their effect on the sub-surface mechanical properties by means of micro- and ultramicro indentations techniques. It has been observed that the severe plastic deformation at the surface produces an increase in roughness. Such deformation, however, does not cause any evident hardening at the sub-surface zone, which contrast with the work hardening observed on blasted cp Ti and austenitic stainless steel 316 L. It is proposed that the different behaviour of the Ti-base alloy is related to its lower strain hardening exponent. The implications of the absence of subsurface hardening on the loss of fatigue strength observed by other authors are analysed.     

Plastic deformation,damage and rupture of PM Ti–6Al–4V at 20 K under monotonic loading

The deformation, damage and rupture mechanisms at cryogenic temperature of an extra low interstitial Ti–6Al–4V alloy obtained by powder metallurgy are investigated through tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy observations, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping and finite elements analysis. Crystallographic orientations, measured through EBSD, allow three different twinning modes to be identified. Among them, one has never been indexed in titanium alloys. At 20 K, half of the deformation is carried by twinning. Damage is controlled by the cavities nucleation step, which is also strongly related to twinning. These cavities appear at the very end of the deformation process and their growth and coalescence are rapid. Correlations between these results and finite element calculations are used to build damage as well as rupture maps that help to interpret the failure of the alloy.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of duplex tiAl alloys containing Mn

A study has been made of the effect of Mn on the structure and compressive mechanical properties of duplex TiAl alloys. In order to clarify the separate effect of Mn and Al contents, the effect of Ti/Al ratio was also studied by analyzing the behavior of alloys with different Ti/Al ratios at the fixed Mn content. Addition of 3 at.% Mn to the binary Ti₅₃Al₄₇ alloy decreases the tetragonality and the unit cell volume of γ structure. It also promotes the formation of twin-related structure, the refinement of interlamellar spacing and grain size, and the increase in the volume fraction of lamellar grains. Increase in Ti/Al ratio at the fixed Mn content results in the further decrease in the tetragonality and unit cell volume and the refinement of grain size, while it decreases the volume fraction of lamellar grains. The modification of microstructure directly influences the compressive properties and deformation mode of duplex TiAl alloys. It has been found that Mn addition and increase in Ti/Al ratio enhance the plasticity of duplex alloys. Generation of mobile dislocations at the twin intersections has been found to occur in Mn containing alloys. Such dislocation generation at the twin intersections as well as the promotion of deformation twins in Mn containing alloys are all beneficial for improving the ductility of duplex TiAl alloys.     

KINETIC STUDY ON FORMATION OF BULK GLASS STATE Zr52.5Ni14.6Al10Cu17.9Ti5 ALLOY

１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭｏｓｔｍｅｔａｌｉｃａｌｏｙｓｕｓｕａｌｙｈａｖｅａｌｏｗｅｒｇｌａｓｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅＴｇ,ｔｈｅｉｒｇｌａｓｓｔａｔｅａｒｅｆｏｒｍｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｏｆｆａｓｔｅｒｃｏｏｌｉｎｇ...     

Dynamic stress–strain properties of Ti–Al–V titanium alloys with various element contents

A series of Ti–Al–V titanium alloy bars with nominal composition Ti–7Al–5V ELI,Ti–5Al–3V ELI,commercial Ti–6Al–4V ELI and commercial Ti–6Al–4V were prepared.These alloys were then heat treated to obtain bimodal or equiaxed microstructures with various contents of primary a phase.Dynamic compression properties of the alloys above were studied by split Hopkinson pressure bar system at strain rates from 2,000 to 4,000 s-1.The results show that Ti–6Al–4V alloy with equiaxed primary a(ap)volume fraction of 45 vol%or 67 vol%exhibits good dynamic properties with high dynamic strength and absorbed energy,as well as an acceptable dynamic plasticity.However,all the Ti53ELI specimens and Ti64ELI specimens with ap of 65 vol%were not fractured at a strain rate of4,000 s-1.It appears that the undamaged specimens still have load-bearing capability.Dynamic strength of Ti–Al–V alloy can be improved as the contents of elements Al,V,Fe,and O increase,while dynamic strain is not sensitive to the composition in the appropriate range.The effects of primary alpha volume fraction on the dynamic properties are dependent on the compositions of Ti–Al–V alloys.