基于数学形态学的SAR图像分割方法

图像分割是遥感图像处理中很重要的一步。因SAP图像通常带有较强的嗓声，用传统的边缘检测方法效果不理想。作者利用数学形态学开闭运算和混合滤波，可据目标的形状选用算法中的探针，取得了较好的滤波去噪和目标分割的效果。     

Fuzzy mathematical morphology

A new morphology is proposed which uses fuzzy structuring elements and is internal on fuzzy sets. It is fully compatible with conventional morphology which uses binary structuring elements, either on binary or on grey-tone sets. The properties of the two basic operations, fuzzy dilation and fuzzy erosion, are presented. An example showing the interest of fuzzy morphology to manipulate the uncertainty linked to spatial information is presented in multisource medical image data fusion.     

基于数学形态学和区域合并的医学CT图像分割*

针对传统分水岭算法分割腹部CT图像存在的过分割情况,提出了一种基于形态学优化和区域合并的分水岭分割算法。该方法先利用多尺度数学形态学方法检测出梯度图像,并用形态学重构去除细密纹理和噪声引起的局部极值,然后进行分水岭变换。为了产生有意义的分割,采用简单的区域灰度均值对变换后的图像进行有效的合并。实验结果表明,该方法能有效解决分水岭算法的过分割问题,得到较好的分割效果。     

DBSCAN算法与数学形态学在岩石薄片图像分割中的应用

在岩石薄片图像处理中,针对岩屑矿物个数未知、成像多为聚集的点状的特点,提出了一种基于DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)算法与数学形态学的矿物分割方法。首先,标记出每个颗粒目标,求得其中心坐标;其次,利用DBSCAN算法对岩屑颗粒目标中心进行聚类,将不同区域的岩屑目标分离出来;最后,利用数学形态学方法对聚类结果做膨胀、填孔、腐蚀等处理,得到颗粒的边界。实验分析表明:该方法聚类效果良好,参数容易控制并有一定的抗噪性能,对岩屑颗粒目标的提取有较好的效果。     

基于分数阶微分和形态学多级合成的岩石节理裂隙图像分割

岩石节理裂隙形状复杂且无规则,图像中带有大量噪声,利用传统的图像分割方法很难达到很好的分割效果。提出了一种基于分数阶微分和数学形态学多级合成的边缘检测方法。首先对岩石裂隙图像进行噪声滤除、图像分割、空腔填充、短枝去除等操作,然后使用分数阶微分的方法进行预处理,最后采用改进形态学多级合成方法得到结果。实验结果表明,该方法与传统算子相比,对岩石节理裂隙图像具有较好的边缘检测能力和抗噪性。     

Fuzzy c-means clustering with weighted image patch for image segmentation

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering has been widely used in image segmentation. However, in spite of its computational efficiency and wide-spread prevalence, the FCM algorithm does not take the spatial information of pixels into consideration, and hence may result in low robustness to noise and less accurate segmentation. In this paper, we propose the weighted image patch-based FCM (WIPFCM) algorithm for image segmentation. In this algorithm, we use image patches to replace pixels in the fuzzy clustering, and construct a weighting scheme to able the pixels in each image patch to have anisotropic weights. Thus, the proposed algorithm incorporates local spatial information embedded in the image into the segmentation process, and hence improve its robustness to noise. We compared the novel algorithm to several state-of-the-art segmentation approaches in synthetic images and clinical brain MR studies. Our results show that the proposed WIPFCM algorithm can effectively overcome the impact of noise and substantially improve the accuracy of image segmentations.     

Fuzzy modified cuckoo search for biomedical image segmentation

Knowledge and Information Systems - In this article, a new method is proposed for biomedical image segmentation. The proposed method for biomedical image segmentation will be known as fuzzy...     

模糊包含度在图像分割中的应用

图像分割是图像分析、理解和机器视觉的基础。由于人眼视觉的主观性使得图像比较适合使用模糊技术进行处理。基于模糊集的包含度理论,定义了图像分割选取阈值的准则函数。实验结果表明,提出的图像阈值化分割方法是可行的,且分割性能明显优于基于模糊熵或贴近度的分割法。     

多阈值图像分割的模糊粒子群优化算法

把粒子群算法应用到多阈值图像分割中,结合已有的模糊C-均值聚类法提出了一种基于模糊技术的粒子群优化多阈值图像分割算法。FCM聚类算法是一种局部搜索算法,对初始值较为敏感,容易陷入局部极小值而不能得到全局最优解。PSO算法是一种基于群体的具有全局寻优能力的优化方法。将FCM聚类算法和PSO算法结合起来,将FCM聚类算法的聚类准则函数作为PSO算法中的粒子适应度函数。仿真实验表明新算法在最大熵评判准则下能够得到最优阈值。     

红外图像分割的改进模糊C均值聚类方法

分类数和初始聚类中心的选取对红外图像的分割结果有较大的影响。传统的模糊C均值算法的分类数和聚类中心往往设定为经验值。为获得最佳的分类数,提出采用轮廓指标确定出较理想的分类数。针对传统的模糊C均值聚类算法对初始聚类中心比较敏感的问题,提出了基于直方图灰度值的最小最大距离法来确定初始聚类中心。实验结果表明该方法有效可行。     

基于数学形态学的集装箱箱号分割改进算法

提出了基于数学形态学和直方图投影的集装箱箱号分割改进算法。在箱号定位阶段,运用基于边缘检测和数学形态学的改进算法,能自适应确定形态学结构元素的大小,将箱号区域连通成一个区域,并能解决集装箱文字纵向排列的问题。字符分割阶段用数学形态学方法消除干扰边缘和噪声,通过投影直方图法完成行与列分割。实验表明,该算法简单可行,只需较少的集装箱先验信息,并且整箱分割正确率达到93.33%,证明了算法的有效性。     

Fuzzy spectral clustering with robust spatial information for image segmentation

In recent years, spectral clustering has become one of the most popular clustering algorithms in areas of pattern analysis and recognition. This algorithm uses the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a normalized similarity matrix to partition the data, and is simple to implement. However, when the image is corrupted by noise, spectral clustering cannot obtain satisfying segmentation performance. In order to overcome the noise sensitivity of the standard spectral clustering algorithm, a novel fuzzy spectral clustering algorithm with robust spatial information for image segmentation (FSC_RS) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a non-local-weighted sum image of the original image is generated by utilizing the pixels with a similar configuration of each pixel. Then a robust gray-based fuzzy similarity measure is defined by using the fuzzy membership values among gray values in the new generated image. Thus, the similarity matrix obtained by this measure is only dependent on the number of the gray-levels and can be easily stored. Finally, the spectral graph partitioning method can be applied to this similarity matrix to group the gray values of the new generated image and then the corresponding pixels in the image are reclassified to obtain the final segmentation result. Some segmentation experiments on synthetic and real images show that the proposed method outperforms traditional spectral clustering methods and spatial fuzzy clustering in efficiency and robustness.     

Fuzzy Markov random fields versus chains for multispectral image segmentation

This paper deals with a comparison of recent statistical models based on fuzzy Markov random fields and chains for multispectral image segmentation. The fuzzy scheme takes into account discrete and continuous classes which model the imprecision of the hidden data. In this framework, we assume the dependence between bands and we express the general model for the covariance matrix. A fuzzy Markov chain model is developed in an unsupervised way. This method is compared with the fuzzy Markovian field model previously proposed by one of the authors. The segmentation task is processed with Bayesian tools, such as the well-known MPM (mode of posterior marginals) criterion. Our goal is to compare the robustness and rapidity for both methods (fuzzy Markov fields versus fuzzy Markov chains). Indeed, such fuzzy-based procedures seem to be a good answer, e.g., for astronomical observations when the patterns present diffuse structures. Moreover, these approaches allow us to process missing data in one or several spectral bands which correspond to specific situations in astronomy. To validate both models, we perform and compare the segmentation on synthetic images and raw multispectral astronomical data     

Fuzzy C-Means clustering through SSIM and patch for image segmentation

In this study, we propose a new robust Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm for image segmentation called the patch-based fuzzy local similarity c-means (PFLSCM). First of all, the weighted sum distance of image patch is employed to determine the distance of the image pixel and the cluster center, where the comprehensive image features are considered instead of a simple level of brightness (gray value). Second, the structural similarity (SSIM) index takes into account similar degrees of luminance, contrast, and structure of image. The DSSIM (distance for structural similarity) metric is developed on a basis of SSIM in order to characterize the distance between two pixels in the whole image. Next a new similarity measure is proposed. Furthermore, a new fuzzy coefficient is proposed via the new similarity measure together with the weighted sum distance of image patch, and then the PFLSCM algorithm is put forward based on the idea of image patch and this coefficient. Through a collection of experimental studies using synthetic and publicly available images, we demonstrate that the proposed PFLSCM algorithm achieves improved segmentation performance in comparison with the results produced by some related FCM-based algorithms.     

基于数学形态学的文档图像倾斜校正算法

随着信息采集技术的不断发展,文档图像在信息的数字化管理中越来越重要.对文档图像的倾斜校正进行了研究,给出了基于数学形态学和Hough变换相结合的算法,进行文档图像的倾斜校正,同时将算法应用于印刷体和手写体的文档图像.实验表明该算法可以有效应用于两种文档图像的倾斜校正.     

Historical overview of image analysis and mathematical morphology

The paper consists in a survey of image analysis over the last fifty years, seen from the point of view of Mathematica Morphology.     

Page segmentation using minimum homogeneity algorithm and adaptive mathematical morphology

Document layout analysis or page segmentation is the task of decomposing document images into many different regions such as texts, images, separators, and tables. It is still a challenging problem due to the variety of document layouts. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid method, which includes three main stages to deal with this problem. In the first stage, the text and non-text elements are classified by using minimum homogeneity algorithm. This method is the combination of connected component analysis and multilevel homogeneity structure. Then, in the second stage, a new homogeneity structure is combined with an adaptive mathematical morphology in the text document to get a set of text regions. Besides, on the non-text document, further classification of non-text elements is applied to get separator regions, table regions, image regions, etc. The final stage, in refinement region and noise detection process, all regions both in the text document and non-text document are refined to eliminate noises and get the geometric layout of each region. The proposed method has been tested with the dataset of ICDAR2009 page segmentation competition and many other databases with different languages. The results of these tests showed that our proposed method achieves a higher accuracy compared to other methods. This proves the effectiveness and superiority of our method.     

Multiscale joint segmentation and registration of image morphology

Multimodal image registration significantly benefits from previous denoising and structure segmentation and vice versa. In particular combined information of different image modalities makes segmentation significantly more robust. Indeed, fundamental tasks in image processing are highly interdependent. A variational approach is presented, which combines the detection of corresponding edges, an edge preserving denoising and the morphological registration via a non-rigid deformation for a pair of images with structural correspondence. The morphology of an image function is split into a singular part consisting of the edge set and a regular part represented by the field of normals on the ensemble of level sets. A Mumford-Shah type free discontinuity problem is applied to treat the singular morphology and the matching of corresponding edges under the deformation. The matching of the regular morphology is quantified by a second contribution which compares deformed normals and normals at deformed positions. Finally, a nonlinear elastic energy controls the deformation itself and ensures smoothness and injectivity. A multi scale approach that is based on a phase field approximation leads to an effective and efficient algorithm. Numerical experiments underline the robustness of the presented approach and show applications on medical images.