铝电解废阴极炭块中氟化钠浸出动力学研究

废阴极炭块是铝电解槽大修时产生的危险固体废弃物,由于长期受到电解质的侵蚀而含有大量可溶性氟化物,堆存或填埋处理将造成严重的环境污染。主要研究了废阴极炭块中氟化钠的浸出动力学,揭示了温度、粒度、液固比等因素对铝电解废阴极炭块中氟化钠浸出的影响。结果表明:在液固比25mL/g、温度85℃、粒度0.058~0.075mm的条件下浸出1h,可溶氟浸出率可达98.9%,浸出渣中可溶氟含量为83.53mg/L,低于100mg/L的安全排放标准,可实现废阴极炭块的无害化处理;浸出过程符合固体膜层内扩散控制的收缩核模型,表观活化能为8.97kJ/mol。     

盐酸浸出赤泥回收铝的研究

研究了盐酸浸出拜耳法赤泥中铝的过程。考察浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比和酸度对铝浸出率的影响,并进行了赤泥回收铝的工业化试验。结果表明,影响铝浸出率的主次因素依次是浸出温度、液固比、盐酸浓度和浸出时间。赤泥在80℃下进行两段浸出,再经蒸发、除钛、除钙、中和及氢氧化钠溶液溶出,铝浸出率为88.13%,回收率为80.26%。     

氢氧化钠焙烧法提取稀土电解渣中稀土的工艺研究

针对目前从氟盐体系稀土熔盐电解渣中回收稀土效率低的问题,提出了一种NaOH焙烧-盐酸优溶浸出法。系统考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、NaOH添加量,以及盐酸浓度、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间对渣中稀土提取效果的影响。结果表明:在焙烧温度600℃、焙烧时间1.5h、NaOH与稀土熔盐电解渣质量比0.8∶1、盐酸浓度2mol/L、液固比8∶1、浸出温度40℃、浸出时间15min的工艺条件下,稀土浸出率为99.22%。     

从粉煤灰中酸溶铝的试验研究

在自制的高压反应釜中采用酸溶法从粉煤灰浸出铝,考察了酸质量分数、浸出温度、浸出时间等因素对Al2O3溶出率的影响。结果表明:在浸出温度180℃、浸出时间5h、液固体积质量比5∶1、酸过量系数1.45、硫酸初始质量分数35%时,粉煤灰中Al2O3溶出率达90%以上。     

二次铝灰中氟、氯的浸出与回收分析

为了研究二次铝灰中氟、氯等有害元素在水溶液中的浸出规律和无害化处理的方法，针对某铝厂生产过程中产生的二次铝灰中含有的氟氯化合物进行了浸出影响因素分析，考察了不同浸出时间、液固质量比、浸出液pH值、浸出温度对氟氯浸出率的影响。结果表明，最佳的工艺参数为浸出时间为8 h，液固质量比为6，浸出液pH值为4，浸出温度为60 ℃，氟、氯元素的最大浸出率分别为87.67%和99.02%。分离后滤液经蒸发回收氯盐与氟盐，冷凝液回用到浸出工序，滤渣无有害元素析出后可以作为原料生产免烧砖等建筑材料，实现了二次铝灰的无害化处理和资源化利用。     

温度和液固比对某铀矿生物浸出的影响

铀矿生物浸出过程中,浸矿微生物（氧化亚铁硫杆菌）对温度和液固比等环境因素较为敏感。基于铀矿生物浸出溶浸液中酸碱度、氧化还原电位(Eh)、铁离子浓度的变化和铀浸出率的差异,研究温度和液固比对南方某铀矿生物浸出的影响。结果表明,在温度为30 ℃和液固比为20的条件下,铀矿微生物浸出效果最佳,铀浸出率分别高达为96.15%和97.02%。因此,在生物浸出过程中,可以控制浸出体系温度和液固比,为浸矿细菌提供最适宜生长环境,以强化铀矿的生物浸出。研究结果为南方某铀矿工业生产提供重要参数和理论依据。     

铝灰酸浸提铝过程动力学研究

铝灰中富含铝元素,具有极高的回收潜能。通过盐酸浸出分离铝灰中的铝,研究了初始酸浓度、浸出温度、时间、液固比等因素对铝灰中铝浸出率的影响。热力学分析发现,在pH小于2的酸性溶液中元素铝以Al3+形式存在。浸出试验结果表明,最优条件为：粒径-150 μm、温度80 ℃、初始酸浓度6 mol/L、液固比10、反应时间120 min,在此条件下Al浸出率可达85.86%。选择未反应收缩核模型进行浸出动力学分析,浸出过程受扩散控制,表观活化能为3.11 kJ/mol。通过提高反应温度、减小原料粒径、加强搅拌等方式可提升铝灰中铝浸出率。     

用碳酸钠溶液从铜锌烟尘中脱除氟氯试验研究

研究了用碳酸钠溶液从铜锌烟尘中脱除氟氯,考察了碳酸钠质量浓度、温度、浸出时间、液固体积质量比对氟、氯脱除率的影响。试验结果表明:经过两段逆流浸出,在液固体积质量比2.5∶1、温度80℃、浸出时间60min、碳酸钠质量浓度55g/L条件下,氯、氟脱除率分别为98.95%和85.19%,脱除效果较好。     

烧结法熟料溶出工艺研究

通过正交试验与单因素试验考察了溶出时间、液固比、溶出温度及调整液中碳酸钠浓度等因素对烧结法熟料溶出过程的影响,并确定了影响因素的主次关系。结果表明,影响因素主次关系依次是温度、时间、液固比、碳酸钠浓度,在下述条件下,氧化铝溶出率达到91.26%:碳酸钠浓度20g/L、液固比5∶1、溶出时间30min、溶出温度80℃。     

含碳酸盐脉石氧化铜矿的酸浸动力学

针对碳酸盐脉石对氧化铜矿酸浸动力学的影响进行探讨,研究了温度、酸度、矿石粒径、液固质量比、振荡速度等因素对含碳酸盐脉石氧化铜矿浸出的影响.结果表明,高温、高酸度、高液固质量比、小粒径和高振荡速度利于矿石的浸出,但碳酸盐脉石使得酸耗增加.考虑浸出成本确定合理的浸出条件为温度303 K、酸度35 g·L^-1、矿石粒径0.074~0.125 mm、液固质量比3∶1以及振荡速度180 r·min^-1,浸出180 min后铜浸出率达53.6%.对浸出前后矿石表面形貌进行分析.结果显示碳酸盐脉石与酸反应后在矿石表面形成CaSO₄·2H₂O沉淀,覆盖在颗粒表面,限制了矿石颗粒孔裂隙的发育.基于收缩未反应核模型对浸出动力学进行分析,发现碳酸盐脉石反应生成的沉淀阻碍了浸出反应,固体产物层扩散为浸出反应的控制步骤,反应的表观活化能为8.65 kJ·mol^-1.     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.