共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Nicholas A. Yaraghi Nicolás Guarín‐Zapata Lessa K. Grunenfelder Eric Hintsala Sanjit Bhowmick Jon M. Hiller Mark Betts Edward L. Principe Jae‐Young Jung Leigh Sheppard Richard Wuhrer Joanna McKittrick Pablo D. Zavattieri David Kisailus 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2016,28(32):6769-6769
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Lessa Kay Grunenfelder Garrett Milliron Steven Herrera Isaias Gallana Nicholas Yaraghi Nigel Hughes Kenneth Evans‐Lutterodt Pablo Zavattieri David Kisailus 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(9)
Ecological pressures and varied feeding behaviors in a multitude of organisms have necessitated the drive for adaptation. One such change is seen in the feeding appendages of stomatopods, a group of highly predatory marine crustaceans. Stomatopods include “spearers,” who ambush and snare soft bodied prey, and “smashers,” who bludgeon hard‐shelled prey with a heavily mineralized club. The regional substructural complexity of the stomatopod dactyl club from the smashing predator Odontodactylus scyllarus represents a model system in the study of impact tolerant biominerals. The club consists of a highly mineralized impact region, a characteristic Bouligand architecture (common to arthropods), and a unique section of the club, the striated region, composed of highly aligned sheets of mineralized fibers. Detailed ultrastructural investigations of the striated region within O. scyllarus and a related species of spearing stomatopod, Lysiosquillina maculate show consistent organization of mineral and organic, but distinct differences in macro‐scale architecture. Evidence is provided for the function and substructural exaptation of the striated region, which facilitated redeployment of a raptorial feeding appendage as a biological hammer. Moreover, given the need to accelerate underwater and “grab” or “smash” their prey, the spearer and smasher appendages are specifically designed with a significantly reduced drag force. 相似文献
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Alberto Prez-Huerta Maggie Cusack Wenzhong Zhu Jennifer England John Hughes 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2007,4(12):33-39
Mineral-producing organisms exert exquisite control on all aspects of biomineral production. Among shell-bearing organisms, a wide range of mineral fabrics are developed reflecting diverse modes of life that require different material properties. Our knowledge of how biomineral structures relate to material properties is still limited because it requires the determination of these properties on a detailed scale. Nanoindentation, mostly applied in engineering and materials science, is used here to assess, at the microstructural level, material properties of two calcite brachiopods living in the same environment but with different modes of life and shell ultrastructure. Values of hardness (H) and the Young modulus of elasticity (E) are determined by nanoindentation. In brachiopod shells, calcite semi-nacre provides a harder and stiffer structure (H approximately 3-6 GPa; E=60-110/120 GPa) than calcite fibres (H=0-3 GPa; E=20-60/80 GPa). Thus, brachiopods with calcite semi-nacre can cement to a substrate and remain immobile during their adult life cycle. This correlation between mode of life and material properties, as a consequence of ultrastructure, begins to explain why organisms produce a wide range of structures using the same chemical components, such as calcium carbonate. 相似文献
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A simplified method of examining the impact properties of materials below 5 K is proposed. 相似文献
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An improved experimental method for characterizing dynamic delamination growth in composite structures has been developed and verified using high speed photography and explicit finite element simulation. The method is based on a three-point bending device. End notch flexure carbon fiber composite beam specimens were subjected to both quasi-static and impact rates of Mode II loading. The experimental results showed no significant strain rate dependency of the delamination fracture toughness. This important result complements the scarce and conflicting data available in the literature, and serves as a reference for calibration of numerical modeling strategies. 相似文献
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Aart Willem Van Vuure Yasmine Mosleh Jan Vanderbeke Ignaas Verpoest 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2023,25(20):2300080
Silk fibers combine good stiffness and strength with a very high strain to failure and are as such highly promising to realize composites with high impact resistance. It is shown that to realize this potential it is quite beneficial to employ matrix materials of high strain to failure, particularly thermoplastic matrices. High impact resistance is thus achieved, well above the values for the pure matrices. Below the glass-transition temperature of the thermoplastic matrix, the impact energy absorption decreases. The adhesion between fiber and matrix also plays a significant role; lower adhesion typically increases the low-velocity penetration impact resistance, due to the spread of damage. Finally, the fiber architecture is pivotal; when a woven fabric is used which is unbalanced in strength, the impact resistance reduces in correspondence with the weakest material direction. A quasi-isotropic layup has a lower capacity for deformation than a balanced woven configuration which likely explains the observed lower penetration impact resistance. 相似文献
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Nature‐Inspired Lightweight Cellular Co‐Continuous Composites with Architected Periodic Gyroidal Structures 下载免费PDF全文
Oraib Al‐Ketan Ahmad Soliman Ayesha M. AlQubaisi Rashid K. Abu Al‐Rub 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(2)
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Maximilien E. Launey Etienne Munch Daan Hein Alsem Eduardo Saiz Antoni P. Tomsia Robert O. Ritchie 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2010,7(46):741-753
The prospect of extending natural biological design to develop new synthetic ceramic–metal composite materials is examined. Using ice-templating of ceramic suspensions and subsequent metal infiltration, we demonstrate that the concept of ordered hierarchical design can be applied to create fine-scale laminated ceramic–metal (bulk) composites that are inexpensive, lightweight and display exceptional damage-tolerance properties. Specifically, Al2O3/Al–Si laminates with ceramic contents up to approximately 40 vol% and with lamellae thicknesses down to 10 µm were processed and characterized. These structures achieve an excellent fracture toughness of 40 MPa√m at a tensile strength of approximately 300 MPa. Salient toughening mechanisms are described together with further toughening strategies. 相似文献
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Quantitative determination of interlaminar fracture toughness that governs onset and growth of delamination is essential for engineering of composite materials and structures. This study proposes a new approach to evaluate both the initial fracture toughness and the crack growth resistance property of pure mode II delamination by tensile tests of specimens having two initial cracks, which were conceived from double-lap joints. The proposed test method achieves stable growth of mode II delamination using a fundamental testing system. This study presents the specimen configuration, the theory to evaluate the energy release rate, and experiment results. The mode II initial fracture toughness measured by the present approach agreed well with the results of conventional end-notched flexure tests. Furthermore, the crack growth resistance curves were evaluated by unloading-reloading tests of the proposed doubly end-notched tension specimens. 相似文献
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应用同轴静电纺丝技术制备环氧包覆纳米SiC 复合微/ 纳米纤维, 将该复合微/ 纳米纤维收集成无纺布薄膜引入层合板层间界面并固化成型, 研究其对层合板力学性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 和透射电子显微镜( TEM) 分析了微/ 纳米纤维的形貌和结构, 并测试了微/ 纳米纤维薄膜的拉伸性能。应用三点弯曲、短梁剪切和简支式冲击实验测定了层合板的弯曲性能、层间剪切强度和冲击韧性。结果表明, 一定厚度及一定SiC 含量的微/ 纳米纤维无纺布薄膜对层合板的力学性能无显著影响。 相似文献
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The development of fracture mechanics test methods for the determination of delamination resistance or fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced, polymer-matrix composites is an active area of research. The emphasis in this review is on standardisation of test methods. Recent developments leading towards new standardized test procedures will be presented, complementing and updating earlier reviews. 相似文献
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