有机聚合物太阳能电池研究新进展

有机聚合物太阳能电池具有环保、柔性、可大面积生产和成本效益高等特点,被认为是未来的能源来源。简要介绍了有机太阳能电池的原理及基本结构,并对有机太阳能电池的有机聚合物材料部分进行了详细的介绍。     

聚合物太阳能电池研究进展

阐述了聚合物太阳能电池与传统无机太阳能电池的区别,指出了聚合物太阳能电池的优势。介绍了聚合物太阳能电池的工作原理、器件结构和光电效应的产生过程以及聚合物太阳能电池材料的发展,分析了目前制约电池效率和稳定性提高的主要因素,提出了提高聚合物太阳能电池效率的途径,并展望了聚合物太阳能电池的发展方向。     

薄膜太阳能电池供体材料的开发

本文介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池和聚合物太阳能电池中供体材料的研究进展,并对它们的前景进行了展望。     

国内首架具完全自主知识产权的碳纤维轻型运动飞机首飞成功

正中科院福建物质结构研究所日前开发了应用于太阳能电池的新型聚合物材料,并制备出了转换效率高达9.14%的太阳能电池。这种茚并噻吩的聚合物材料具有更宽的带隙和更深的最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)能级,适合作为短波段吸收太阳能电池材料用于高开路电压高效率叠层太阳能电池的制备。研究人员还在无添加剂的条件下,实现了近1V的高开路电压太阳能电池。     

有机聚合物太阳能电池在建筑中的应用

介绍了太阳能光伏技术应用于建筑的相关政策法规及制造有机聚合物太阳能电池的高分子材料。为提高能源转化效率及太阳能电池的稳定性与耐久性,需要对半导体聚合物及形成的发电层和元件的构造进行改进。太阳能应用于建筑领域时,应有效利用外墙和窗户等侧面。有机聚合物太阳能电池具有成本低、质量轻的特点,可以通过狭缝型挤压式涂布、喷墨打印、丝网印刷等方法大规模制备,能制备成柔韧性薄膜。因此,太阳能在建筑领域有很大的应用前景。     

供体—受体型聚合物太阳能电池材料研究进展

有机太阳能电池因其廉价、来源广、柔性、质轻等优势而备受关注,开发性能优异的聚合物给体材料是目前有机太阳能电池的研究热点。介绍了聚合物太阳能电池的基本结构,光电转换理论,综述了供体—受体型聚合物给体材料的研究进展,并对聚合物太阳能电池的发展方向进行了展望。     

有机光电高分子材料研究热点和前沿分析

基于基本科学指标数据库（ESI）的高被引论文,通过热点文献、CiteSpace分析工具得到的热点关键词对应的文献分析,得出有机光电高分子材料主要关注点为有机太阳能电池。有机太阳能电池的研究热点为：高性能活性层材料的设计合成;高性能界面材料的设计合成及其界面调控性能的研究;电池器件中有机半导体活性层表界面的可控掺杂;有机太阳能电池活性层能量损失研究。通过高被引论文的共被引分析,关键词突变探测技术和算法对词频的变动趋势分析,得出有机光电高分子领域最新关注前沿：高效太阳能电池的制备;非富勒稀受体的研究;有机半导体材料的设计合成;结构-性能研究;加工及应用性能。有机光电高分子材料研究活跃的前沿领域：高效全聚合物太阳能电池;三元有机太阳能电池;高效的倒置型太阳能电池;超高迁移率的透明有机薄膜晶体管;高迁移率场效应晶体管;二维共轭聚合物;聚合物半导体等。有机太阳能电池研究前沿主题演化趋势：从聚噻吩给体体系——新型给体-受体体系;单层——双层——本体异质结电池结构;富勒烯受 体——非富勒烯受体;高效及稳定性器件发展。本文创新性地将文献计量分析方法同文献具体内容分析相结合,通过大量的高质量文献内容分析,使得出的研究热点和前沿更具体和接近实际情况,为相关科研人员提供有益参考。     

聚合物太阳能电池及材料研究进展

太阳能的充分应用是解决目前人类所面临的能源短缺和环境污染的根本途径。聚合物太阳能电池作为第三代太阳能光伏技术已得到二十多年的研究,其太阳能转化效率已超过10%。回顾聚合物太阳能电池的发展历史和理论研究,太阳能电池的材料与结构对太阳能电池的效率影响很大,尤其是给体材料。从PPV类材料到PT类材料再到PCDTBT、TTBDT、BDTTPD等能级调节后的受体材料,每一次材料的升级,都能让聚合物太阳能电池的效率大幅提高。在聚合物太阳能电池的理论逐渐认识清楚,聚合物太阳能电池制作工艺不断成熟的情况下,研究新型给体材料对向聚合物太阳能电池实用化迈进尤为重要。     

纤维状太阳能电池研究进展

分别介绍了纤维状染料敏化太阳能电池、聚合物太阳能电池、钙钛矿太阳能电池和纤维状太阳能电池集成器件,并论述了该领域存在的不足和未来研究方向。     

聚合物太阳能电池材料的研究进展

近年来聚合物太阳能电池的研究发展迅速。本文介绍了聚合物太阳能电池的原理和有机光伏材料的性能要求,并针对聚噻吩(PT)衍生物、聚对苯撑乙烯(PPV)衍生物等有机光伏材料在聚合物太阳能电池中的应用进行综述,简单探讨了该领域进一步研究的方向和前景。     

Recent trends in polymer tandem solar cells research

Polymer solar cells have many intrinsic advantages, such as their light weight, flexibility, and low material and manufacturing costs. Recently, polymer tandem solar cells have attracted significant attention due to their potential to achieve higher performance than single cells. This trend article intends to provide the latest progress in polymer tandem solar cell technology with a focus on active layer materials and interfacial materials for sub-cell interconnection. Following an introduction of the structure and current status of polymer tandem solar cells, this article will review polymers which have been, and could be used, for tandem solar cells. Furthermore, this article will discuss the interconnecting layer consisting of p- and n-type interfacial layers, which is equally critical for polymer tandem solar cells. Finally, because tandem solar cell measurements are more complicated than that of single solar cells, this article will also address polymer tandem solar cell measurement issues.     

Oxide nanowires for solar cell applications

Oxide nanowire arrays were studied for their applications to solar cells. It was demonstrated that the nanowires could provide direct pathways for electron transport in dye-sensitized solar cells and therefore, while forming photoelectrode films, they offered better suppression of charge recombination than nanoparticles. However, the photoelectron films consisting of nanowires suffered a disadvantage in giving large surface area for dye adsorption. Such a shortcoming of nanowires had been exemplified in this paper illustrating that it could be well compensated by incorporating with nanoparticles to form a nanoparticle-nanowire array hybrid photoelectrode film. The oxide nanowires were also demonstrated to be able to enhance the performance of inverted structure polymer solar cells as a cathode buffer layer by establishing a large interface with the polymers so as to facilitate the transport of photogenerated electrons from the polymer to the electron collecting electrode. Such an enhancement effect could be further boosted while the nanowires were replaced with nanotubes; the latter may build up larger interface with the polymers than the former and therefore facilitates the electron transport more efficiently.     

高分子聚合物在太阳能电池电解质中的应用

介绍了高分子聚合物作为电解质在染料敏化纳米晶TiO2太阳能电池中的应用研究进展,按电解质的物理状态不同,分别对高分子聚合物凝胶准固态电解质和导电高分子聚合物固态电解质进行了综述,并对存在的问题和未来的研究方向进行了探讨。     

Low band gap polymers for photovoltaic device with photocurrent response wavelengths over 1000 nm

To pursue high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs), many new semiconducting polymers with low band gaps have been developed in the past several years. In this perspective paper, we focused on super low band gap photovoltaic polymers with photocurrent response extending over 1000 nm. This kind of micrometer-response polymers (μmR-polymer) could increase the short circuit current (J_SC) due to better match of absorption spectra of the polymers with the solar irradiation and show tremendous potential for application in tandem solar cells and transparent solar cells. The necessary conditions for the design of this kind of μmR-polymers are discussed. Furthermore, the remaining problems and challenges, and the key research direction in near future are discussed.     

Design of semiconducting indacenodithiophene polymers for high performance transistors and solar cells

The prospect of using low cost, high throughput material deposition processes to fabricate organic circuitry and solar cells continues to drive research towards improving the performance of the semiconducting materials utilized in these devices. Conjugated aromatic polymers have emerged as a leading candidate semiconductor material class, due to their combination of their amenability to processing and reasonable electrical and optical performance. Challenges remain, however, to further improve the charge carrier mobility of the polymers for transistor applications and the power conversion efficiency for solar cells. This optimization requires a clear understanding of the relationship between molecular structure and both electronic properties and thin film morphology. In this Account, we describe an optimization process for a series of semiconducting polymers based on an electron rich indacenodithiophene aromatic backbone skeleton. We demonstrate the effect of bridging atoms, alkyl chain functionalization, and co-repeating units on the morphology, molecular orbital energy levels, charge carrier mobility, and solar cell efficiencies. This conjugated unit is extremely versatile with a coplanar aromatic ring structure, and the electron density can be manipulated by the choice of bridging group between the rings. The functionality of the bridging group also plays an important role in the polymer solubility, and out of plane aliphatic chains present in both the carbon and silicon bridge promote solubility. This particular polymer conformation, however, typically suppresses long range organization and crystallinity, which had been shown to strongly influence charge transport. In many cases, polymers exhibited both high solubility and excellent charge transport properties, even where there was no observable evidence of polymer crystallinity. The optical bandgap of the polymers can be tuned by the combination of the donating power of the bridging unit and the electron withdrawing nature of co-repeat units, alternating along the polymer backbone. Using strong donors and acceptors, we could shift the absorption into the near infrared.     

Synthesis and properties of novel donor–acceptor copolymers based on thiophene and squaraine moieties

Two novel donor–acceptor copolymers were synthesized by Sonogashira cross-coupling of alkyl/alkoxy thiophene and dibromo-substituted squaraine moieties. The structures and properties of these polymers were characterized using FT–IR, NMR, UV–Vis, gel permeation chromatography, and cyclic voltammetry. Both copolymers are readily soluble in common organic solvents. The polymer films exhibit broad absorption in the wavelength range from 300 to 1000 nm with the maximum peaks over 750 nm. Electrochemical studies reveal that the band gaps of the polymers range from 1.05 to 1.36 eV. Compared to the alkyl thiophene, the alkoxy thiophene units can effectively lower the band gap and result in significant red-shift absorption spectrum of the resulted polymer. The strong overlap of the solar spectrum and the extremely low band gaps of the polymers suggest that they may be promising candidates for solar cells.     

聚合物发光电化学池研究进展

共轭聚合物是一类结合了光学、半导体电子性能和聚合物加工性能的新型材料,1995年聚合物发光电化学池出现以来就引起了广泛关注,文章在对文献结果分析的基础上总结了影响聚合物发光电化学池性能的若干因素和最新的研究进展。     

Electrochemically prepared polymer solar cell by three-layer deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(2,2′-bithiophene)/fullerene (PEDOT/PBT/C60)

A new electrochemical approach to fabricate polymer solar cell has been developed. Electropolymerization of 2,2′-bithiophene was done on top of the electrodeposited p-doped PEDOT layer. Fullerene was deposited as a third layer after initiating n-doping of the polymers. Composition and oxidation states of the polymers were monitored by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Morphological changes were followed with Atomic Force Microscopy (ATM) revealing rough nanostructures of the layers. The composition and performance of the solar cells were compared to the cells fabricated by using conventional spin-coating technique. Photoresponse with the maximum V_oc of 0.47 V and the highest J_sc of 0.55 mA/cm² was measured.     

聚合物太阳能集热材料研究进展

文章对近年国内外聚合物太阳能集热管的研究进行了综述，介绍了各种应用于太阳能集热材料的聚合物材料及其参数和国外对聚合物太阳能集热材料的改性研究进展，给相关研究人员研究聚合物太阳能集热管提供一定的帮助。