全叶青兰挥发性成分的研究

采用顶空固相微萃取结合色谱质谱技术分析了全叶青兰中挥发性成分的组成和含量。结果表明：6min和30min的顶空吸附时间所测得的全叶青兰中挥发性成分的组分基本一致,但各组分所占的比例有一定差异。全叶青兰挥发性成分中以萜烯类为主的碳氢化合物约占其总质量分数的50%,醇类化合物占到约20%,其它成分的含量高低依次为酯、酮、萜烯氧化物和醛类化合物,醚、胺及含硫化合物等含量极低。     

顶空固相微萃取分析四氢异构化啤酒花浸膏的风味成分

用顶空固相微萃取技术对三种四氢异构化啤酒花浸膏中的挥发性风味成分进行了分析比较,并用高效液相色谱法分析了样品中四氢异α-酸的质量分数。数据表明,其主要成分四氢异α-酸的质量分数很接近,但挥发性风味成分却有很大差异。其中,Ⅰ号四氢异构化啤酒花浸膏样品鉴定出的44个挥发性成分中,所含的17个酮类化合物的质量分数达到80.52%;Ⅱ号样品鉴定出39个组分,所含的5个醛类化合物的质量分数达到79.95%;Ⅲ号样品鉴定出的45个组分中,所含的14个酮类化合物、11个醇类化合物、7个烯烃类化合物和4个酯类化合物的质量分数分别为44.63%、20.87%、17.22%和6.8%。     

微波辅助顶空固相微萃取GC-MS法分析柠檬草中挥发性成分

设计制作了一种微型底聚焦微波反应装置,用于辅助顶空固相微萃取,解决了无溶剂顶空提取的问题,建立了柠檬草样品中挥发性成分的微波辅助顶空固相微萃取方法。使用GC-MS法对柠檬草叶片和根茎萃取物中挥发性成分进行分析鉴定,分别得到37和46种化合物,结合峰面积归一法确定各组分的含量,其挥发性成分别占萃取物挥发总量的89.93%和77.29%。其中叶片和根茎中含量较高的挥发性成分都是橙花醛和香叶醛,叶片中的主要挥发性成分橙花醛(29.27%)和香叶醛(22.14%)的相对含量要明显优于根茎中橙花醛(8.61%)和香叶醛(7.76%)。研究为样品特别是固体样品挥发性成分的直接快速分析提供了一种稳定高效、简单快速的新方法,具有广泛的应用前景。     

5倍葡萄柚油及葡萄柚油香气成分分析及讨论

运用气相色谱/质谱联用技术,对5倍葡萄柚油及葡萄柚油进行成分分析和鉴定。从5倍葡萄柚油中鉴定出49种化合物,其中萜烯类化合物占全油的90.96%,含氧化合物占全油的6.03%,特征成分圆柚酮相对含量为0.60%;从葡萄柚油中鉴定出23种化合物,其中萜烯类化合物占全油的98.28%,含氧化合物占全油的1.55%,特征成分圆柚酮相对含量为0.05%。比较了5倍葡萄柚油和葡萄柚油之间的差别,并对由此导致的香气差异进行了讨论。     

多次顶空固相微萃取在大曲挥发性化合物定量中的应用

应用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)结合气相色谱/质谱联用(GC-MS),对古井贡酒中高温大曲进行分析,共定性出108种挥发性化合物。通过考察不同样品量下化合物的β值,在35和50 mg样品量下,建立了应用多次顶空固相微萃取(multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction,MHS-SPME)对醛酮类、酚类、含氮类、呋喃类、内酯类、萜烯类等46种化合物进行定量的方法。该方法回收率为76.83%～133.11%、最低检测限(limits of detection,LOD)低于103.818 ng/g、相对标准偏差(RSD%)小于21.34%,具有较好的灵敏度和重复性。实验结果表明MHS-SPME可用于大曲中这46种化合物的定量,化合物含量在(3645.79±442.43)～(6.32±1.03)ng/g之间。该方法为定量大曲中挥发性成分提供了新的思路,研究结果也为企业完善大曲质量评价体系提供了数据支持。     

山东北柴胡果实挥发性成分的气质联用分析

建立了顶空静态进样GC-MS快速分析北柴胡果实挥发性成分的方法。选择北柴胡果实,采用顶空静态提取的方法,提取物直接经气相色谱-质谱分析,以NIST数据库检索化合物的结构,以峰面积归一化法测定各挥发性成分的相对含量。结果表明:顶空加热提取挥发性成分经GC-MS分析,鉴定柴胡果实中36个挥发性化学成分,主要挥发性成分为1-甲基-5-亚甲基-8-(1-甲乙基)-1,6-环癸二烯(36.04%),3.7-二甲基-1,3,6-辛三烯(14.77%),2-乙基呋喃(4.42%)。顶空静态进样结合GC-MS定性分析能够快速建立柴胡果实的低温易挥发性成分GC-MS表征体系。     

HS-SPME结合GC-MS分析煎鸡蛋的挥发性风味成分

采用顶空固相微萃取与GC-MS联用方法对煎鸡蛋中挥发性成分进行提取与分析,考察萃取头、萃取温度和吸附时间对分析结果的影响,得到优化的顶空固相微萃取条件为:黑色萃取头(75μm Carboxen/PDMS),吸附温度75℃,吸附时间70 min。在优化的条件下分析,共鉴定出50种挥发性风味成分,其中,醛类16种(40.588%)、含氮化合物14种(23.639%)、醇类8种(7.156%)、烃类3种(4.800%)、酚类及杂环化合物3种(1.755%)、酮类3种(0.868%)及含硫化合物3种(0.563%)。鉴定出含量较高(相对质量分数大于2.5%)的物质有:2,5-二甲基吡嗪、3-甲基丁醛、2-甲基吡嗪、壬醛、苯甲醛、反,反-2,4-癸二烯醛、辛醛、2-甲基丁醛、反-2-癸烯醛、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯、1-辛烯-3-醇。     

基于静态顶空方法分析黄花草油挥发性成分的研究

为明确黄花草油中挥发性成分,采用静态顶空富集其挥发性成分,进气质联用仪对黄花草油中的挥发性成分进行定性、定量分析,共鉴定出73种成分,其中烃类物质种类最多(40种),含量也最高(相对质量分数49.31%)。主要挥发性成分(相对质量分数)为1,4-桉叶素(21.88%)、柠檬烯(15.34%)、桉树脑(10.60%)、异松油烯(8.21%)、间伞花烃(6.39%)、蒿酮(6.20%)、莰烯(5.43%)、4-蒈烯(4.59%),这些成分构成了黄花草油干草香和香豆素样香气的主体香韵。     

一款7015烤牛肉香精的香气成分分析

采用顶空固相微萃取法（HS-SPME）提取烤牛肉香精的挥发性成分,并结合气-质联用技术（GC/MS）分析其挥发性成分。结果表明：在烤牛肉香精中鉴定出24种挥发性成分,主要包括羧酸类化合物、醛类化合物、酚类化合物、醇类和杂环类（吡嗪环、噻唑环）化合物。     

梅果挥发性成分分析

采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用法分析了梅果的挥发性成分,共鉴定出66种挥发性成分,其中醇类8种、内酯类4种、醛类12种、酯类23种、酮类2种、酸类8种、萜烯及萜烯醇类7种以及其他芳香族类化合物2种。分析了梅果发香前、中和后期分别具有桃香、果香奶香和杏香的原因。     

Analysis of volatile compositions of Magnolia biondii pamp by steam distillation and headspace solid phase micro-extraction

The chemical compositions of volatile components from Magnolia biondii Pamp were determined by steam distillation (SD) and headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Fifty-six compounds were identified and the major volatile components were d-camphor (0.18-43.26%), 1,8-cineol (13.23-38.02%), α-terpineol (6.57-12.29%) and α-cadinene (5.53-15.15%). The comparison of the volatile components from M. biondii Pamp harvested in three regions of China was investigated. Also, the comparison of volatile components by SD and HS-SPME methods in term of isolation time, plant-consuming and chemical compositions was discussed as well. The percentages of the volatile components by HS-SPME method were found to be large difference from the corresponding one by SD method. HS-SPME technique was much faster than SD (60 min (HS-SPME)/420 min (SD)). Although the aromatic profiles between HS-SPME and SD methods showed several quantitative differences, HS-SPME may be applied routinely to analyze aromatic and medicinal plants.     

顶空固相微萃取与气质联用分析光皮木瓜果实中的挥发性成分

光皮木瓜果实香气浓郁,是很好的香精制作原料。为探明其香气组成,实验以成熟光皮木瓜为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取与气质联用方法,分析检测了木瓜果实中的挥发性成分。共鉴定出45种化学成分,占总质量分数的95.58%。相对质量分数较高的依次为2-己烯醛(33.12%)、4-(2,6,6-三甲基-环己-1-烯基)-2-丁醇(19.15%)、正己醛(12.91%)、(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛(6.15%)、4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁酮(3.28%)。实验表明,C6化合物是构成光皮木瓜果实清香味的主要成分。     

柚子皮茶挥发性成分HS-GC-MS检测法评价与条件优化

采用顶空法提取柚子皮茶中的挥发性物质,再用气质联用仪进行分析测定。以月桂烯为评价指标,实施线性试验和重现性试验,结果表明：在0.1～0.9 g范围内,峰面积与样品量间存在良好的线性关系,相关系数R达到0.9832;重现性试验数据间的标准偏差（RSD）值为2.7%,说明精密度良好,应用HS-GC-MS检测柚子皮茶挥发性物...     

Characterization of Volatile Compounds of Virgin Olive Oil Originating from the USA

The volatile profiles of virgin olive oils originating from the USA were first studied: 71 volatile compounds were identified in 21 monovarietal virgin olive oils using solid‐phase microextraction–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, representing 100 % of the headspace composition. Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed for the grouping of olive oils based on geographical origin, and also the distinguishing of olive oil varieties by their relative positions in the group; 17 distinguishable volatile compounds that significantly contributed to the olive oil classification were found to be distributed on a PCA plot according to their sensory attributes. Moreover, the major volatile components were compared among varieties and origins to clarify the genetic and geographic influences. Our results indicate the significant effects of both origin and cultivar on the volatile composition of olive oil as well as the dominant role of the geographic effect compared to the genetic effect on applied samples.     

一种烤牛肉的挥发性成分分析及其香气模拟

采用顶空固相微萃取法（HS-SPME）提取烤牛肉的挥发性成分,并结合气-质联用技术（GC-MS）分析其挥发性成分物质。结果表明：在烤牛肉中鉴定出42种挥发性成分,主要包括羧酸类化合物、醛类化合物、酚类化合物、醇类和杂环类（吡嗪环、噻唑环）化合物;并在GC-MS基础上,利用感官分析模拟出香气饱满、逼真、协调的烤牛肉香精;最后,通过电子鼻确定了模拟的烤牛肉香精与样品烤牛肉的香气相似度达92.4%。     

Oilseed volatile analysis by supercritical fluid and thermal desorption methods

A knowledge of the volatile components present in an oil sample can provide important information relative to supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process design, the current oxidative state of the oil, as well as the concentration and presence of important flavor volatiles in the oil. Volatile compounds from supercritical fluid-extracted oils were analyzed by headspace gas chromatography (GC) methods to determine if there were differences in the volatile profiles when two different methods of desorption were used. Canola, corn, soybean and sunflower seeds were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide at 8000 psi and 50°C. Tenax porous polymer traps, attached at the exhaust port of the SFE apparatus, were utilized to collect the volatile components during the extractions. The volatile compounds on the Tenax trap were desorbed onto a GC column by both thermal and supercritical fluid techniques. Desorption temperature for the thermal method was 150°C, while conditions for the SFE technique were 50°C and 2000 psi. The lower-boiling volatiles from each oilseed were greater when desorbed by thermal means from the Tenax than by SFE; however, SFE desorbed the highermolecular weight compounds that were not removed by the thermal desorption method. Hexanal tended to be desorbed in comparable amounts by both methods. The SFE-based desorption technique provides a unique analysis method for the determination of both volatile and semivolatile compounds, as well as executing desorption under nonoxidative, low-temperature conditions that do not contribute to the degradation of lipid components.     

顶空固相微萃取法分析刺楸树杆和树皮中挥发油的化学成分

应用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)对刺楸树杆和树皮中的挥发油成分进行提取,通过气相色谱-质谱法与Kovats色谱保留指数相结合进行定性定量分析,以峰面积归一化法计算各组分的相对含量。结果表明从刺楸树杆和树皮中分别鉴定出53种和67种化合物,分别占挥发油总峰面积的95.91%和96.60%,其中树杆和树皮中主要成分均为γ-榄香烯(18.59%,14.60%),大根香叶烯d(19.09%,15.79%),(E,E)-β-金合欢烯(13.94%,16.88%)。