谈我国政府投资建设项目绿色采购

介绍了政府投资建设工程项目绿色采购的意义和作用,分析了现阶段我国建设工程采购中存在的主要问题,并有针对性地提出了完善我国政府投资项目绿色采购的对策建议。     

业主工程项目采购模式与代建制制度创新的研究

政府投资项目在我国经济发展中发挥了重要作用,政府投资项目管理中存在超投资、质量低下、拖工期和腐败问题,国家在非经营性政府投资项目中推行代建制.探讨了现代业主的工程项目采购内容、模式和如何选择采购模式,研究表明代建制中代建单位提供的项目管理服务属于业主工程项目采购中的服务采购;分析了代建制下代建单位与建设单位法律地位的区别,对比分析了代建单位的项目管理与业主委托项目管理公司的项目管理、工程承包商的项目管理、发达国家管理承包商的项目管理、CM模式下CM单位的项目管理在管理主体、目标、内容、职权等方面的区别,以及它们与项目各参与方的合同关系的差异,研究结果表明代建单位的项目管理属于业主的项目管理,是我国非经营性政府投资项目的组织实施方式的创新,是我国政府投资项目管理制度创新.     

PPP工程建设项目采购招标费率合同模式下的政府投资评审全过程造价控制与管理

文章研究了PPP工程建设项目采购招标费率合同模式下政府投资评审全过程造价控制与管理的意义、内容、注意事项,希望为提升PPP工程建设项目造价管理水平提供借鉴。     

谈财政投资评审机构及政府对项目的造价控制

针对如何有效的控制政府项目的造价问题,建立财政投资评审机构,合理有效地对政府投资项目造价控制,指出对政府投资控制应坚持全部过程监控原则,面对财政评审工作中的不足积极改进,充分发挥财政投资评审的作用,使评审工作真正成为控制工程造价、节约建设投资的有效措施和手段。     

成都市政府投资建设项目评审现状及建议

为了更好规避政府投资风险,提高政府投资效益,研究科学、高效的政府项目评审工作就具有十分重要的意义.从成都市政府投资建设项目评审概况、成果分析和SWOT定性分析等方面对政府项目评审现状进行研究,并从建设法律法规、完善激励机制、提高评审质量和优化评审程序等方面提出了工作建议.     

提升政府投资项目初步设计概算评审工作质量的思考

社会经济的发展和城市化建设速度的加快,使政府投资项目的数量也在逐年增加。要想保证项目投资额度合理、提高项目投资建设效益,对项目前期阶段的投资进行科学合理的控制非常必要,这也是政府机构中相关职能部门,密切关注初步设计概算评审工作的一项重要原因。对此,本文以政府投资项目评审为切入点,通过对其初步设计概算评审重点的分析和相关工作的提升构思,从而就如何做好初步设计中概算评审工作展开研究,以期可以提高政府投资项目的经济和社会效益。     

政府投资项目概算评审效率提升方式研究

政府投资项目实施严格的概算审批和管控制度,概算评审的准确性与及时性是保证政府投资项目顺利开展的重中之重。但政府投资项目概算评审存在的多部门联审情况导致的多头管理、交叉管理等问题使得评审效率相对较低。针对两种现行常见的政府投资项目概算评审方式进行对比分析,在比较单部门评审方式与多部门联审方式的基础上,建议建立多部门联审方式下的委托授权单一机构的评审框架,在不改变现行政府投资项目审批体系的前提下,将最优路径确定为在多部门联审制度下均通过部门委托授权财政部门开展概算评审,相关部门对其评审意见进行确认的方式。从而解决多部门管理、工作界面不清等问题,提高政府投资项目概算评审效率。     

关于政府投资项目前期评审若干问题的探讨

通对如何做好政府投资项目前期评审的若干问题进行讨论和研究。通过阐述政府投资项目评审工作的特征、内容、方法、一般的管理程序、项目评审报告的编制方法及当前在项目前期工作中存在的一些问题,论述了项目评审工作的作用、意义及改进方法。     

谈政府投资项目前期评审的作用

长期以来,政府投资项目存在的决策失误、投资效益不高、投资浪费等问题,一直是政府寻求解决的课题.前期项目评审程序的设立,在很大程度上解决了上述难题.本文先明确了政府投资项目的定义及特点,接着阐述长期困扰着政府投资项目管理的种种问题,最后,重点探讨了前期评审在政府投资项目中所起的作用及其带来的意义.     

如何做好政府投资项目前期评审工作

通对如何做好政府投资项目前期评审的若干问题进行讨论和研究。通过阐述政府投资项目评审工作的特征、内容、方法、一般的管理程序、项目评审报告的编制方法及当前在项目前期工作中存在的一些问题，论述了项目评审工作的作用、意义及改进方法。     

公共项目私人融资新途径——PFI

ＰＦＩ是一种新的公共项目私人融资方式。它鼓励私人部门营建基础设施项目或政府公共项目,并以此为基础提供公共服务的一种区别于传统政府公共项目的出产方式。它能够广泛地适用于许多政府的公共项目领域,在英国该方式已成为政府获得高质量、高效率的政府项目的主要工具。ＰＦＩ的应用有二个基本必须遵循的原则,一是要能够实现安全可靠的经济价值;二是项目的风险能够在政府部门和私人部门之间合理分配。     

PRODUCTION CHOICES FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICES

ABSTRACT: This article models the production choice decision of local governments for the delivery of services to citizens. fie production choice decision depends on the demand by the local government for contracting out and the supply of external producers. Local governments trade off the potential cost savings of external production against diminished control of the service delivery process. Fiscal, political, and structural constraints affect the willingness of a local government to consider this tradeoff The model is estimated for eight local government services using data from a national sample of local governments. The services represent a cross-section of those provided by local governments, including public works, recreational, and social services. The results indicate the general importance of fiscal forces, resistance by public employees, and cost savings that result from competitive supply markets on the production choice decision.     

Procuring architectural services: sensemaking in a legal context

Decision makers involved in selecting an architect for a building project in the public domain have to comply with European procurement regulations. The blend of the legal requirements and the subjective elements of architectural design creates a situation in which the legal rationale often clashes with the organizational sensemaking process that decision makers experience. Hence, being aware of the origin of these conflicts could have important managerial implications for the design of a tender process. A competition and a tender case were selected to collect data by observation, interviewing and document analysis. The incremental and iterative character of making sense of supply and demand and the implicit ways of aggregating value judgements in order to make a final procurement decision were found to be the main underlying decision processes in procuring architectural services. Being aware of these characteristics in the design of a tender process would significantly reduce the chance of conflictive situations.     

城市公共空间的地域特性

以国外的工程为例,论述了公共空间的地域特性,指出在城市设计中不能忽视建筑的地域性。介绍了国内的两个创作实例。     

实现高品质供给的住区公共中心规划设计探索 ——以江门滨江新区实践为例

住区公共中心是城市住区公共服务供给的核心。规划实施中存在住区公共服务供给分散失序、公共中心不易成形的现象。通过辨析宜居住区规划设计理念及其公共中心“诱导”机制,基于设施集中配置的社会学意义,提出须重视环境与行为之间的相互促进作用,围绕集约优化住区公共中心的场地和环境布局,弹性整合公共管理和公共服务设施,因势利导多样化的建设条件,因地制宜践行高品质供给的理想范式。在江门滨江新区的实践中,为确保城市新区住区公共服务适时适当和可持续供给,采用“两级集中、三级协同”的层级调适策略,形成“社区综合服务中心+ 学校和公园绿地”的住区公共中心规划设计特色模式,在地探索了兼顾便利性和舒适性的住区服务设施配置方案。     

Value for Money and Risk in Public–Private Partnerships

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Delivering improved public services at lower cost, also known formally as value for money (VfM), is often the main rationale for procuring large infrastructure projects through public–private partnerships (PPPs). However, it is unclear whether the ex ante assessments of PPPs account for key planning concerns, including limitations on community consultation, contractual lock-ins that curtail public flexibility to make future plans, and a political preference for PPPs that may influence the way that projects are structured and evaluated. This set of questions is examined for 28 infrastructure PPPs delivered in Ontario, Canada, and interviews with18 senior political, government, and private-sector participants in the province's PPP industry. We find that transferring of construction risks from government to the private-sector partners drives VfM results, and may overvalue the extent to which planning related risks can be transferred.

Takeaway for practice: PPP contract structures should permit more transparency during the project planning process and preserve the flexibility of governments to control key planning tasks such as user fees, service coordination and facility expansion. Strategies might include: the unbundling of construction and operation phases of the PPP in all but the most unique situations, the use of competitive dialogue tendering to deepen public–private collaboration earlier in the planning process, and the inclusion of contract rebalancing terms to better share rather than transfer project risks.

Research support: This research was funded through a Standard Research Grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (Application Number: 110998).     

CITIZEN COPRODUCTION: PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING SERVICE DELIVERY

Many analysis have hailed citizen involvement in the production of public services as an important development which will enhance service delivery and reduce public agency expenditures. This article explores this thesis by examining the potential impact of citizen coproduction on the effectiveness, responsiveness, and equity of service delivery. The article concludes that while coproduction likely enhances service delivery outcomes, it at the same lime is associated with costs that should be considered by public administrators.     

工程履约担保制度在公共工程中的试行效果及发展前景分析--基于对深圳、厦门工程担保制度的试点调查

通过对深圳、厦门推行工程担保制度试点情况的调查,本文着重对两地实施的强制性工程履约担保制度在公共工程中的试行效果进行了分析研究.鉴于差额担保的应用事实上已经在向高保额方向发展,因此建议两地可以适当考虑用高保额有条件保函取代目前这种准高保额的无条件保函,以减轻承包商为提交保函所承受的资金负担.     

A Review of “Children & Their Urban Environment: Changing Worlds”

Problem: Information is often suppressed when public infrastructure is planned by design-build-finance-operate (DFBO) public/private partnerships, an increasingly popular strategy for procuring transportation facilities, hospitals, and schools.

Purpose: I aim to identify strategies to increase transparency and accountability in large infrastructure projects delivered through public/private partnerships.

Methods: I studied the case of an award winning public/private partnership to plan a rapid rail line in Vancouver by comparing confidential documents released after project approval to the information available while planning was underway.

Results and conclusions: I find that although this project followed many best practices for achieving accountable and transparent public/private partnerships, in some instances it kept unfavorable study results from public view, limiting the potential for meaningful public involvement in the planning process. Takeaway for practice: I identify the following strategies to increase transparency and accountability in large infrastructure projects, including those delivered through private-public partnerships: (1) using a clear and narrow standard for what information should be kept confidential; (2) ensuring that public officials with responsibility for project decisions and their staffs have full access to all project information, including that not made public; (3) appointing a watchdog to see that these standards are upheld; and (4) implementing a decision process that allows public input and places the burden for proving that information should remain confidential on the entity making the request.     

PPP模式下对私营部门的财务监管

PPP模式是政府公共部门与私营部门合作共同为社会提供公共产品或服务的一种项目运作模式,其优势在于拓宽融资渠道,但是私营部门资金运作是否正规稳定是项目能否成功的关键。所以,政府公共部门应加强对私营部门的财务监管,确保资金按计划到位使用。本文针对PPP模式的基础设施建设项目,论述了财务监管的意义和具体的手段。